Working with Tables in DynamoDB - AWS SDK for C++

Working with Tables in DynamoDB

Tables are the containers for all items in a DynamoDB database. Before you can add or remove data from DynamoDB, you must create a table.

For each table, you must define:

  • A table name that is unique for your AWS account and AWS Region.

  • A primary key for which every value must be unique. No two items in your table can have the same primary key value.

    A primary key can be simple, consisting of a single partition (HASH) key, or composite, consisting of a partition and a sort (RANGE) key.

    Each key value has an associated data type, enumerated by the ScalarAttributeType class. The key value can be binary (B), numeric (N), or a string (S). For more information, see Naming Rules and Data Types in the Amazon DynamoDB Developer Guide.

  • Provisioned throughput values that define the number of reserved read/write capacity units for the table.

    Note

    Amazon DynamoDB pricing is based on the provisioned throughput values that you set on your tables, so reserve only as much capacity as you think you’ll need for your table.

    Provisioned throughput for a table can be modified at any time, so you can adjust capacity if your needs change.

Create a Table

Use the DynamoDB client CreateTable method to create a new DynamoDB table. You need to construct table attributes and a table schema, both of which are used to identify the primary key of your table. You must also supply initial provisioned throughput values and a table name. CreateTable is an asynchronous operation. GetTableStatus will return CREATING until the table is ACTIVE and ready for use.

Create a Table with a Simple Primary Key

This code creates a table with a simple primary key (“Name”).

Includes

#include <aws/core/Aws.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/DynamoDBClient.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/AttributeDefinition.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/CreateTableRequest.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/KeySchemaElement.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/ProvisionedThroughput.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/ScalarAttributeType.h> #include <iostream>

Code

//! Create an Amazon DynamoDB table. /*! \sa createTable() \param tableName: Name for the DynamoDB table. \param primaryKey: Primary key for the DynamoDB table. \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration. \return bool: Function succeeded. */ bool AwsDoc::DynamoDB::createTable(const Aws::String &tableName, const Aws::String &primaryKey, const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) { Aws::DynamoDB::DynamoDBClient dynamoClient(clientConfiguration); std::cout << "Creating table " << tableName << " with a simple primary key: \"" << primaryKey << "\"." << std::endl; Aws::DynamoDB::Model::CreateTableRequest request; Aws::DynamoDB::Model::AttributeDefinition hashKey; hashKey.SetAttributeName(primaryKey); hashKey.SetAttributeType(Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ScalarAttributeType::S); request.AddAttributeDefinitions(hashKey); Aws::DynamoDB::Model::KeySchemaElement keySchemaElement; keySchemaElement.WithAttributeName(primaryKey).WithKeyType( Aws::DynamoDB::Model::KeyType::HASH); request.AddKeySchema(keySchemaElement); Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ProvisionedThroughput throughput; throughput.WithReadCapacityUnits(5).WithWriteCapacityUnits(5); request.SetProvisionedThroughput(throughput); request.SetTableName(tableName); const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::CreateTableOutcome &outcome = dynamoClient.CreateTable( request); if (outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Table \"" << outcome.GetResult().GetTableDescription().GetTableName() << " created!" << std::endl; } else { std::cerr << "Failed to create table: " << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } return outcome.IsSuccess(); }

See the complete example.

Create a Table with a Composite Primary Key

Add another AttributeDefinition and KeySchemaElement to CreateTableRequest.

Includes

#include <aws/core/Aws.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/DynamoDBClient.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/AttributeDefinition.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/CreateTableRequest.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/KeySchemaElement.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/ProvisionedThroughput.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/ScalarAttributeType.h> #include <iostream>

Code

//! Create an Amazon DynamoDB table with a composite key. /*! \sa createTableWithCompositeKey() \param tableName: Name for the DynamoDB table. \param partitionKey: Name for the partition (hash) key. \param sortKey: Name for the sort (range) key. \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration. \return bool: Function succeeded. */ bool AwsDoc::DynamoDB::createTableWithCompositeKey(const Aws::String &tableName, const Aws::String &partitionKey, const Aws::String &sortKey, const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) { Aws::DynamoDB::DynamoDBClient dynamoClient(clientConfiguration); std::cout << "Creating table " << tableName << " with a composite primary key:\n" \ "* " << partitionKey << " - partition key\n" \ "* " << sortKey << " - sort key\n"; Aws::DynamoDB::Model::CreateTableRequest request; Aws::DynamoDB::Model::AttributeDefinition hashKey1, hashKey2; hashKey1.WithAttributeName(partitionKey).WithAttributeType( Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ScalarAttributeType::S); request.AddAttributeDefinitions(hashKey1); hashKey2.WithAttributeName(sortKey).WithAttributeType( Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ScalarAttributeType::S); request.AddAttributeDefinitions(hashKey2); Aws::DynamoDB::Model::KeySchemaElement keySchemaElement1, keySchemaElement2; keySchemaElement1.WithAttributeName(partitionKey).WithKeyType( Aws::DynamoDB::Model::KeyType::HASH); request.AddKeySchema(keySchemaElement1); keySchemaElement2.WithAttributeName(sortKey).WithKeyType( Aws::DynamoDB::Model::KeyType::RANGE); request.AddKeySchema(keySchemaElement2); Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ProvisionedThroughput throughput; throughput.WithReadCapacityUnits(5).WithWriteCapacityUnits(5); request.SetProvisionedThroughput(throughput); request.SetTableName(tableName); const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::CreateTableOutcome &outcome = dynamoClient.CreateTable( request); if (outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Table \"" << outcome.GetResult().GetTableDescription().GetTableName() << "\" was created!" << std::endl; } else { std::cerr << "Failed to create table:" << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } return outcome.IsSuccess(); }

See the complete example on GitHub.

List Tables

You can list the tables in a particular region by calling the DynamoDB client ListTables method.

Includes

#include <aws/core/Aws.h> #include <aws/core/utils/Outcome.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/DynamoDBClient.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/ListTablesRequest.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/ListTablesResult.h> #include <iostream>

Code

//! List the Amazon DynamoDB tables for the current AWS account. /*! \sa listTables() \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration. \return bool: Function succeeded. */ bool AwsDoc::DynamoDB::listTables( const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) { Aws::DynamoDB::DynamoDBClient dynamoClient(clientConfiguration); Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ListTablesRequest listTablesRequest; listTablesRequest.SetLimit(50); do { const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ListTablesOutcome &outcome = dynamoClient.ListTables( listTablesRequest); if (!outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Error: " << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } for (const auto &tableName: outcome.GetResult().GetTableNames()) std::cout << tableName << std::endl; listTablesRequest.SetExclusiveStartTableName( outcome.GetResult().GetLastEvaluatedTableName()); } while (!listTablesRequest.GetExclusiveStartTableName().empty()); return true; }

By default, up to 100 tables are returned per call. Use GetExclusiveStartTableName on the returned ListTablesOutcome object to get the last table that was evaluated. You can use this value to start the listing after the last returned value of the previous listing.

See the complete example.

Retrieve Information about a Table

You can find out more about a table by calling the DynamoDB client DescribeTable method.

Includes

#include <aws/core/Aws.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/DynamoDBClient.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/DescribeTableRequest.h> #include <iostream>

Code

//! Describe an Amazon DynamoDB table. /*! \sa describeTable() \param tableName: The DynamoDB table name. \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration. \return bool: Function succeeded. */ bool AwsDoc::DynamoDB::describeTable(const Aws::String &tableName, const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) { Aws::DynamoDB::DynamoDBClient dynamoClient(clientConfiguration); Aws::DynamoDB::Model::DescribeTableRequest request; request.SetTableName(tableName); const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::DescribeTableOutcome &outcome = dynamoClient.DescribeTable( request); if (outcome.IsSuccess()) { const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::TableDescription &td = outcome.GetResult().GetTable(); std::cout << "Table name : " << td.GetTableName() << std::endl; std::cout << "Table ARN : " << td.GetTableArn() << std::endl; std::cout << "Status : " << Aws::DynamoDB::Model::TableStatusMapper::GetNameForTableStatus( td.GetTableStatus()) << std::endl; std::cout << "Item count : " << td.GetItemCount() << std::endl; std::cout << "Size (bytes): " << td.GetTableSizeBytes() << std::endl; const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ProvisionedThroughputDescription &ptd = td.GetProvisionedThroughput(); std::cout << "Throughput" << std::endl; std::cout << " Read Capacity : " << ptd.GetReadCapacityUnits() << std::endl; std::cout << " Write Capacity: " << ptd.GetWriteCapacityUnits() << std::endl; const Aws::Vector<Aws::DynamoDB::Model::AttributeDefinition> &ad = td.GetAttributeDefinitions(); std::cout << "Attributes" << std::endl; for (const auto &a: ad) std::cout << " " << a.GetAttributeName() << " (" << Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ScalarAttributeTypeMapper::GetNameForScalarAttributeType( a.GetAttributeType()) << ")" << std::endl; } else { std::cerr << "Failed to describe table: " << outcome.GetError().GetMessage(); } return outcome.IsSuccess(); }

See the complete example on GitHub.

Modify a Table

You can modify your table’s provisioned throughput values at any time by calling the DynamoDB client UpdateTable method.

Includes

#include <aws/core/Aws.h> #include <aws/core/utils/Outcome.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/DynamoDBClient.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/ProvisionedThroughput.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/UpdateTableRequest.h> #include <iostream>

Code

//! Update a DynamoDB table. /*! \sa updateTable() \param tableName: Name for the DynamoDB table. \param readCapacity: Provisioned read capacity. \param writeCapacity: Provisioned write capacity. \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration. \return bool: Function succeeded. */ bool AwsDoc::DynamoDB::updateTable(const Aws::String &tableName, long long readCapacity, long long writeCapacity, const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) { Aws::DynamoDB::DynamoDBClient dynamoClient(clientConfiguration); std::cout << "Updating " << tableName << " with new provisioned throughput values" << std::endl; std::cout << "Read capacity : " << readCapacity << std::endl; std::cout << "Write capacity: " << writeCapacity << std::endl; Aws::DynamoDB::Model::UpdateTableRequest request; Aws::DynamoDB::Model::ProvisionedThroughput provisionedThroughput; provisionedThroughput.WithReadCapacityUnits(readCapacity).WithWriteCapacityUnits( writeCapacity); request.WithProvisionedThroughput(provisionedThroughput).WithTableName(tableName); const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::UpdateTableOutcome &outcome = dynamoClient.UpdateTable( request); if (outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Successfully updated the table." << std::endl; } else { std::cerr << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } return outcome.IsSuccess(); }

See the complete example.

Delete a Table

Call the DynamoDB client DeleteTable method and pass it the table’s name.

Includes

#include <aws/core/Aws.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/DynamoDBClient.h> #include <aws/dynamodb/model/DeleteTableRequest.h> #include <iostream>

Code

//! Delete an Amazon DynamoDB table. /*! \sa deleteTable() \param tableName: The DynamoDB table name. \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration. \return bool: Function succeeded. */ bool AwsDoc::DynamoDB::deleteTable(const Aws::String &tableName, const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) { Aws::DynamoDB::DynamoDBClient dynamoClient(clientConfiguration); Aws::DynamoDB::Model::DeleteTableRequest request; request.SetTableName(tableName); const Aws::DynamoDB::Model::DeleteTableOutcome &result = dynamoClient.DeleteTable( request); if (result.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Your table \"" << result.GetResult().GetTableDescription().GetTableName() << " was deleted.\n"; } else { std::cerr << "Failed to delete table: " << result.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } return result.IsSuccess(); }

See the complete example on GitHub.

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