Date Functions

Amazon S3 Select supports the following date functions.

DATE_ADD

Given a date part, a quantity, and a time stamp, returns an updated time stamp by altering the date part by the quantity.

Syntax

DATE_ADD( date_part, quantity, timestamp )

Parameters

date_part

Specifies which part of the date to modify. This can be one of the following:

• year

• month

• day

• hour

• minute

• second

quantity

The value to apply to the updated time stamp. Positive values for quantity add to the time stamp's date_part, and negative values subtract.

timestamp

The target time stamp that the function operates on.

Examples

DATE_ADD(year, 5, `2010-01-01T`)                -- 2015-01-01 (equivalent to 2015-01-01T)
DATE_ADD(month, 1, `2010T`)                     -- 2010-02T (result will add precision as necessary)
DATE_ADD(month, 13, `2010T`)                    -- 2011-02T
DATE_ADD(day, -1, `2017-01-10T`)                -- 2017-01-09 (equivalent to 2017-01-09T)
DATE_ADD(hour, 1, `2017T`)                      -- 2017-01-01T01:00-00:00
DATE_ADD(hour, 1, `2017-01-02T03:04Z`)          -- 2017-01-02T04:04Z
DATE_ADD(minute, 1, `2017-01-02T03:04:05.006Z`) -- 2017-01-02T03:05:05.006Z
DATE_ADD(second, 1, `2017-01-02T03:04:05.006Z`) -- 2017-01-02T03:04:06.006Z

DATE_DIFF

Given a date part and two valid time stamps, returns the difference in date parts. The return value is a negative integer when the date_part value of timestamp1 is greater than the date_part value of timestamp2. The return value is a positive integer when the date_part value of timestamp1 is less than the date_part value of timestamp2.

Syntax

DATE_DIFF( date_part, timestamp1, timestamp2 )

Parameters

date_part

Specifies which part of the time stamps to compare. For the definition of date_part, see DATE_ADD.

timestamp1

The first time stamp to compare.

timestamp2

The second time stamp to compare.

Examples

DATE_DIFF(year, `2010-01-01T`, `2011-01-01T`)            -- 1
DATE_DIFF(year, `2010T`, `2010-05T`)                     -- 4 (2010T is equivalent to 2010-01-01T00:00:00.000Z)
DATE_DIFF(month, `2010T`, `2011T`)                       -- 12
DATE_DIFF(month, `2011T`, `2010T`)                       -- -12
DATE_DIFF(day, `2010-01-01T23:00`, `2010-01-02T01:00`) -- 0 (need to be at least 24h apart to be 1 day apart)

EXTRACT

Given a date part and a time stamp, returns the time stamp's date part value.

Syntax

EXTRACT( date_part FROM timestamp )

Parameters

date_part

Specifies which part of the time stamps to extract. This can be one of the following:

• year

• month

• day

• hour

• minute

• second

• timezone_hour

• timezone_minute

timestamp

The target time stamp that the function operates on.

Examples

EXTRACT(YEAR FROM `2010-01-01T`)                           -- 2010
EXTRACT(MONTH FROM `2010T`)                                -- 1 (equivalent to 2010-01-01T00:00:00.000Z)
EXTRACT(MONTH FROM `2010-10T`)                             -- 10
EXTRACT(HOUR FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`)             -- 3
EXTRACT(MINUTE FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`)           -- 4
EXTRACT(TIMEZONE_HOUR FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`)    -- 7
EXTRACT(TIMEZONE_MINUTE FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`)  -- 8

TO_STRING

Given a time stamp and a format pattern, returns a string representation of the time stamp in the given format.

Syntax

TO_STRING ( timestamp time_format_pattern )

Parameters

timestamp

The target time stamp that the function operates on.

time_format_pattern

A string that has the following special character interpretations.

Format	Example	Description
yy	69	2-digit year
y	1969	4-digit year
yyyy	1969	Zero-padded 4-digit year
M	1	Month of year
MM	01	Zero-padded month of year
MMM	Jan	Abbreviated month year name
MMMM	January	Full month of year name
MMMMM	J	Month of year first letter (NOTE: not valid for use with to_timestamp function)
d	2	Day of month (1-31)
dd	02	Zero-padded day of month (01-31)
a	AM	AM or PM of day
h	3	Hour of day (1-12)
hh	03	Zero-padded hour of day (01-12)
H	3	Hour of day (0-23)
HH	03	Zero-padded hour of day (00-23)
m	4	Minute of hour (0-59)
mm	04	Zero-padded minute of hour (00-59)
s	5	Second of minute (0-59)
ss	05	Zero-padded second of minute (00-59)
S	0	Fraction of second (precision: 0.1, range: 0.0-0.9)
SS	6	Fraction of second (precision: 0.01, range: 0.0-0.99)
SSS	60	Fraction of second (precision: 0.001, range: 0.0-0.999)
…	…	…
SSSSSSSSS	60000000	Fraction of second (maximum precision: 1 nanosecond, range: 0.0-0.999999999)
n	60000000	Nano of second
X	+07 or Z	Offset in hours or "Z" if the offset is 0
XX or XXXX	+0700 or Z	Offset in hours and minutes or "Z" if the offset is 0
XXX or XXXXX	+07:00 or Z	Offset in hours and minutes or "Z" if the offset is 0
x	7	Offset in hours
xx or xxxx	700	Offset in hours and minutes
xxx or xxxxx	+07:00	Offset in hours and minutes

Examples

TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`,  'MMMM d, y')                    -- "July 20, 1969"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'MMM d, yyyy')                   -- "Jul 20, 1969"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'M-d-yy')                        -- "7-20-69"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'MM-d-y')                        -- "07-20-1969"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'MMMM d, y h:m a')               -- "July 20, 1969 8:18 PM"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssX')           -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00Z"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18+08:00Z`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssX')     -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00Z"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18+08:00`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssXXXX')   -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00+0800"
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18+08:00`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssXXXXX')  -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00+08:00"

TO_TIMESTAMP

Given a string, converts it to a time stamp. This is the inverse operation of TO_STRING.

Syntax

TO_TIMESTAMP ( string )

Parameters

string

The target string that the function operates on.

Examples

TO_TIMESTAMP('2007T')                         -- `2007T`
TO_TIMESTAMP('2007-02-23T12:14:33.079-08:00') -- `2007-02-23T12:14:33.079-08:00`

UTCNOW

Returns the current time in UTC as a time stamp.

Syntax

UTCNOW()

Parameters

none

Examples

UTCNOW() -- 2017-10-13T16:02:11.123Z