Date Functions
Amazon S3 Select supports the following date functions.
DATE_ADD
Given a date part, a quantity, and a time stamp, returns an updated time stamp by altering the date part by the quantity.
Syntax
DATE_ADD( date_part, quantity, timestamp )
Parameters
- date_part
-
Specifies which part of the date to modify. This can be one of the following:
-
year
-
month
-
day
-
hour
-
minute
-
second
-
- quantity
-
The value to apply to the updated time stamp. Positive values for quantity add to the time stamp's date_part, and negative values subtract.
- timestamp
-
The target time stamp that the function operates on.
Examples
DATE_ADD(year, 5, `2010-01-01T`) -- 2015-01-01 (equivalent to 2015-01-01T) DATE_ADD(month, 1, `2010T`) -- 2010-02T (result will add precision as necessary) DATE_ADD(month, 13, `2010T`) -- 2011-02T DATE_ADD(day, -1, `2017-01-10T`) -- 2017-01-09 (equivalent to 2017-01-09T) DATE_ADD(hour, 1, `2017T`) -- 2017-01-01T01:00-00:00 DATE_ADD(hour, 1, `2017-01-02T03:04Z`) -- 2017-01-02T04:04Z DATE_ADD(minute, 1, `2017-01-02T03:04:05.006Z`) -- 2017-01-02T03:05:05.006Z DATE_ADD(second, 1, `2017-01-02T03:04:05.006Z`) -- 2017-01-02T03:04:06.006Z
DATE_DIFF
Given a date part and two valid time stamps, returns the difference in date
parts. The return value is a negative integer when the date_part
value of timestamp1
is greater than the date_part
value of timestamp2
. The return value is a positive integer when
the date_part
value of timestamp1
is less than the
date_part
value of timestamp2
.
Syntax
DATE_DIFF( date_part, timestamp1, timestamp2 )
Parameters
- date_part
-
Specifies which part of the time stamps to compare. For the definition of
date_part
, see DATE_ADD. - timestamp1
-
The first time stamp to compare.
- timestamp2
-
The second time stamp to compare.
Examples
DATE_DIFF(year, `2010-01-01T`, `2011-01-01T`) -- 1 DATE_DIFF(year, `2010T`, `2010-05T`) -- 4 (2010T is equivalent to 2010-01-01T00:00:00.000Z) DATE_DIFF(month, `2010T`, `2011T`) -- 12 DATE_DIFF(month, `2011T`, `2010T`) -- -12 DATE_DIFF(day, `2010-01-01T23:00`, `2010-01-02T01:00`) -- 0 (need to be at least 24h apart to be 1 day apart)
EXTRACT
Given a date part and a time stamp, returns the time stamp's date part value.
Syntax
EXTRACT( date_part FROM timestamp )
Parameters
- date_part
-
Specifies which part of the time stamps to extract. This can be one of the following:
-
year
-
month
-
day
-
hour
-
minute
-
second
-
timezone_hour
-
timezone_minute
-
- timestamp
-
The target time stamp that the function operates on.
Examples
EXTRACT(YEAR FROM `2010-01-01T`) -- 2010 EXTRACT(MONTH FROM `2010T`) -- 1 (equivalent to 2010-01-01T00:00:00.000Z) EXTRACT(MONTH FROM `2010-10T`) -- 10 EXTRACT(HOUR FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`) -- 3 EXTRACT(MINUTE FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`) -- 4 EXTRACT(TIMEZONE_HOUR FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`) -- 7 EXTRACT(TIMEZONE_MINUTE FROM `2017-01-02T03:04:05+07:08`) -- 8
TO_STRING
Given a time stamp and a format pattern, returns a string representation of the time stamp in the given format.
Syntax
TO_STRING ( timestamp time_format_pattern )
Parameters
- timestamp
-
The target time stamp that the function operates on.
- time_format_pattern
-
A string that has the following special character interpretations.
Format Example Description yy
69
2-digit year
y
1969
4-digit year
yyyy
1969
Zero-padded 4-digit year
M
1
Month of year
MM
01
Zero-padded month of year
MMM
Jan
Abbreviated month year name
MMMM
January
Full month of year name
MMMMM
J
Month of year first letter (NOTE: not valid for use with to_timestamp function)
d
2
Day of month (1-31)
dd
02
Zero-padded day of month (01-31)
a
AM
AM or PM of day
h
3
Hour of day (1-12)
hh
03
Zero-padded hour of day (01-12)
H
3
Hour of day (0-23)
HH
03
Zero-padded hour of day (00-23)
m
4
Minute of hour (0-59)
mm
04
Zero-padded minute of hour (00-59)
s
5
Second of minute (0-59)
ss
05
Zero-padded second of minute (00-59)
S
0
Fraction of second (precision: 0.1, range: 0.0-0.9)
SS
6
Fraction of second (precision: 0.01, range: 0.0-0.99)
SSS
60
Fraction of second (precision: 0.001, range: 0.0-0.999)
…
…
…
SSSSSSSSS
60000000
Fraction of second (maximum precision: 1 nanosecond, range: 0.0-0.999999999)
n
60000000
Nano of second
X
+07 or Z
Offset in hours or "Z" if the offset is 0
XX or XXXX
+0700 or Z
Offset in hours and minutes or "Z" if the offset is 0
XXX or XXXXX
+07:00 or Z
Offset in hours and minutes or "Z" if the offset is 0
x
7
Offset in hours
xx or xxxx
700
Offset in hours and minutes
xxx or xxxxx
+07:00
Offset in hours and minutes
Examples
TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'MMMM d, y') -- "July 20, 1969" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'MMM d, yyyy') -- "Jul 20, 1969" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'M-d-yy') -- "7-20-69" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'MM-d-y') -- "07-20-1969" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'MMMM d, y h:m a') -- "July 20, 1969 8:18 PM" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18Z`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssX') -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00Z" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18+08:00Z`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssX') -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00Z" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18+08:00`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssXXXX') -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00+0800" TO_STRING(`1969-07-20T20:18+08:00`, 'y-MM-dd''T''H:m:ssXXXXX') -- "1969-07-20T20:18:00+08:00"
TO_TIMESTAMP
Given a string, converts it to a time stamp. This is the inverse operation of TO_STRING.
Syntax
TO_TIMESTAMP ( string )
Parameters
- string
-
The target string that the function operates on.
Examples
TO_TIMESTAMP('2007T') -- `2007T` TO_TIMESTAMP('2007-02-23T12:14:33.079-08:00') -- `2007-02-23T12:14:33.079-08:00`
UTCNOW
Returns the current time in UTC as a time stamp.
Syntax
UTCNOW()
Parameters
none
Examples
UTCNOW() -- 2017-10-13T16:02:11.123Z