Launch clusters into a VPC - Amazon EMR

Launch clusters into a VPC

After you have a subnet that is configured to host Amazon EMR clusters, launch the cluster in that subnet by specifying the associated subnet identifier when creating the cluster.

Note

Amazon EMR supports private subnets in release versions 4.2 and above.

When the cluster is launched, Amazon EMR adds security groups based on whether the cluster is launching into VPC private or public subnets. All security groups allow ingress at port 8443 to communicate to the Amazon EMR service, but IP address ranges vary for public and private subnets. Amazon EMR manages all of these security groups, and may need to add additional IP addresses to the AWS range over time. For more information, see Control network traffic with security groups.

To manage the cluster on a VPC, Amazon EMR attaches a network device to the primary node and manages it through this device. You can view this device using the Amazon EC2 API action DescribeInstances. If you modify this device in any way, the cluster may fail.

Note

We’ve redesigned the Amazon EMR console to make it easier to use. See Amazon EMR console to learn about the differences between the old and new console experiences.

New console
To launch a cluster into a VPC with the new console

  1. Sign in to the AWS Management Console, and open the Amazon EMR console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/emr.

  2. Under EMR on EC2 in the left navigation pane, choose Clusters, and then choose Create cluster.

  3. Under Networking, go to the Virtual private cloud (VPC) field. Enter the name of your VPC or choose Browse to select your VPC. Alternatively, choose Create VPC to create a VPC that you can use for your cluster.

  4. Choose any other options that apply to your cluster.

  5. To launch your cluster, choose Create cluster.

Old console
To launch a cluster into a VPC with the old console

  1. Navigate to the new Amazon EMR console and select Switch to the old console from the side navigation. For more information on what to expect when you switch to the old console, see Using the old console.

  2. Choose Create cluster.

  3. Choose Go to advanced options.

  4. In the Hardware Configuration section, for Network, select the ID of a VPC network that you created previously.

  5. For EC2 Subnet, select the ID of a subnet that you created previously.

    1. If your private subnet is properly configured with NAT instance and S3 endpoint options, it displays (EMR Ready) above the subnet names and identifiers.

    2. If your private subnet does not have a NAT instance and/or S3 endpoint, you can configure this by choosing Add S3 endpoint and NAT instance, Add S3 endpoint, or Add NAT instance. Select the desired options for your NAT instance and S3 endpoint and choose Configure.

      Important

      In order to create a NAT instance from the Amazon EMR, you need ec2:CreateRoute, ec2:RevokeSecurityGroupEgress, ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress, cloudformation:DescribeStackEvents and cloudformation:CreateStack permissions.

      Note

      There is an additional cost for launching an Amazon EC2 instance for your NAT device.

  6. Proceed with creating the cluster.

AWS CLI
To launch a cluster into a VPC with the AWS CLI
Note

The AWS CLI does not provide a way to create a NAT instance automatically and connect it to your private subnet. However, to create a S3 endpoint in your subnet, you can use the Amazon VPC CLI commands. Use the console to create NAT instances and launch clusters in a private subnet.

After your VPC is configured, you can launch Amazon EMR clusters in it by using the create-cluster subcommand with the --ec2-attributes parameter. Use the --ec2-attributes parameter to specify the VPC subnet for your cluster.

  • To create a cluster in a specific subnet, type the following command, replace myKey with the name of your Amazon EC2 key pair, and replace 77XXXX03 with your subnet ID.

    aws emr create-cluster --name "Test cluster" --release-label emr-4.2.0 --applications Name=Hadoop Name=Hive Name=Pig --use-default-roles --ec2-attributes KeyName=myKey,SubnetId=subnet-77XXXX03 --instance-type m5.xlarge --instance-count 3

    When you specify the instance count without using the --instance-groups parameter, a single primary node is launched, and the remaining instances are launched as core nodes. All nodes use the instance type specified in the command.

    Note

    If you have not previously created the default Amazon EMR service role and EC2 instance profile, type aws emr create-default-roles to create them before typing the create-cluster subcommand.