Use `SendEmail` with an AWS SDK or CLI

The following code examples show how to use SendEmail.

Action examples are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. You can see this action in context in the following code example:

Verify an email identity and send messages

.NET

AWS SDK for .NET

Note

There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the AWS Code Examples Repository.



    /// <summary>
    ///  Send an email by using Amazon SES.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="toAddresses">List of recipients.</param>
    /// <param name="ccAddresses">List of cc recipients.</param>
    /// <param name="bccAddresses">List of bcc recipients.</param>
    /// <param name="bodyHtml">Body of the email in HTML.</param>
    /// <param name="bodyText">Body of the email in plain text.</param>
    /// <param name="subject">Subject line of the email.</param>
    /// <param name="senderAddress">From address.</param>
    /// <returns>The messageId of the email.</returns>
    public async Task<string> SendEmailAsync(List<string> toAddresses,
        List<string> ccAddresses, List<string> bccAddresses,
        string bodyHtml, string bodyText, string subject, string senderAddress)
    {
        var messageId = "";
        try
        {
            var response = await _amazonSimpleEmailService.SendEmailAsync(
                new SendEmailRequest
                {
                    Destination = new Destination
                    {
                        BccAddresses = bccAddresses,
                        CcAddresses = ccAddresses,
                        ToAddresses = toAddresses
                    },
                    Message = new Message
                    {
                        Body = new Body
                        {
                            Html = new Content
                            {
                                Charset = "UTF-8",
                                Data = bodyHtml
                            },
                            Text = new Content
                            {
                                Charset = "UTF-8",
                                Data = bodyText
                            }
                        },
                        Subject = new Content
                        {
                            Charset = "UTF-8",
                            Data = subject
                        }
                    },
                    Source = senderAddress
                });
            messageId = response.MessageId;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("SendEmailAsync failed with exception: " + ex.Message);
        }

        return messageId;
    }

For API details, see SendEmail in AWS SDK for .NET API Reference.

C++

SDK for C++

Note

There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the AWS Code Examples Repository.


//! Send an email to a list of recipients.
/*!
  \param recipients; Vector of recipient email addresses.
  \param subject: Email subject.
  \param htmlBody: Email body as HTML. At least one body data is required.
  \param textBody: Email body as plain text. At least one body data is required.
  \param senderEmailAddress: Email address of sender. Ignored if empty string.
  \param ccAddresses: Vector of cc addresses. Ignored if empty.
  \param replyToAddress: Reply to email address. Ignored if empty string.
  \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration.
  \return bool: Function succeeded.
 */
bool AwsDoc::SES::sendEmail(const Aws::Vector<Aws::String> &recipients,
                            const Aws::String &subject,
                            const Aws::String &htmlBody,
                            const Aws::String &textBody,
                            const Aws::String &senderEmailAddress,
                            const Aws::Vector<Aws::String> &ccAddresses,
                            const Aws::String &replyToAddress,
                            const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) {
    Aws::SES::SESClient sesClient(clientConfiguration);

    Aws::SES::Model::Destination destination;
    if (!ccAddresses.empty()) {
        destination.WithCcAddresses(ccAddresses);
    }
    if (!recipients.empty()) {
        destination.WithToAddresses(recipients);
    }

    Aws::SES::Model::Body message_body;
    if (!htmlBody.empty()) {
        message_body.SetHtml(
                Aws::SES::Model::Content().WithCharset("UTF-8").WithData(htmlBody));
    }

    if (!textBody.empty()) {
        message_body.SetText(
                Aws::SES::Model::Content().WithCharset("UTF-8").WithData(textBody));
    }

    Aws::SES::Model::Message message;
    message.SetBody(message_body);
    message.SetSubject(
            Aws::SES::Model::Content().WithCharset("UTF-8").WithData(subject));

    Aws::SES::Model::SendEmailRequest sendEmailRequest;
    sendEmailRequest.SetDestination(destination);
    sendEmailRequest.SetMessage(message);
    if (!senderEmailAddress.empty()) {
        sendEmailRequest.SetSource(senderEmailAddress);
    }
    if (!replyToAddress.empty()) {
        sendEmailRequest.AddReplyToAddresses(replyToAddress);
    }

    auto outcome = sesClient.SendEmail(sendEmailRequest);

    if (outcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cout << "Successfully sent message with ID "
                  << outcome.GetResult().GetMessageId()
                  << "." << std::endl;
    }
    else {
        std::cerr << "Error sending message. " << outcome.GetError().GetMessage()
                  << std::endl;
    }

    return outcome.IsSuccess();
}

For API details, see SendEmail in AWS SDK for C++ API Reference.

CLI

AWS CLI

To send a formatted email using Amazon SES

The following example uses the send-email command to send a formatted email:


aws ses send-email --from sender@example.com --destination file://destination.json --message file://message.json

Output:


{
   "MessageId": "EXAMPLEf3a5efcd1-51adec81-d2a4-4e3f-9fe2-5d85c1b23783-000000"
}

The destination and the message are JSON data structures saved in .json files in the current directory. These files are as follows:

destination.json:


{
  "ToAddresses":  ["recipient1@example.com", "recipient2@example.com"],
  "CcAddresses":  ["recipient3@example.com"],
  "BccAddresses": []
}

message.json:


{
   "Subject": {
       "Data": "Test email sent using the AWS CLI",
       "Charset": "UTF-8"
   },
   "Body": {
       "Text": {
           "Data": "This is the message body in text format.",
           "Charset": "UTF-8"
       },
       "Html": {
           "Data": "This message body contains HTML formatting. It can, for example, contain links like this one: <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"http://docs.aws.amazon.com/ses/latest/DeveloperGuide\" target=\"_blank\">Amazon SES Developer Guide</a>.",
           "Charset": "UTF-8"
       }
   }
}

Replace the sender and recipient email addresses with the ones you want to use. Note that the sender's email address must be verified with Amazon SES. Until you are granted production access to Amazon SES, you must also verify the email address of each recipient unless the recipient is the Amazon SES mailbox simulator. For more information on verification, see Verifying Email Addresses and Domains in Amazon SES in the Amazon Simple Email Service Developer Guide.

The Message ID in the output indicates that the call to send-email was successful.

If you don't receive the email, check your Junk box.

For more information on sending formatted email, see Sending Formatted Email Using the Amazon SES API in the Amazon Simple Email Service Developer Guide.

For API details, see SendEmail in AWS CLI Command Reference.

Java

SDK for Java 2.x

Note

There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the AWS Code Examples Repository.


import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.SesClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.Content;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.Destination;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.Message;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.Body;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.SendEmailRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.SesException;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;

/**
 * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development
 * environment, including your credentials.
 *
 * For more information, see the following documentation topic:
 *
 * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html
 */
public class SendMessageEmailRequest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final String usage = """

                Usage:
                    <sender> <recipient> <subject>\s

                Where:
                    sender - An email address that represents the sender.\s
                    recipient -  An email address that represents the recipient.\s
                    subject - The  subject line.\s
                """;

        if (args.length != 3) {
            System.out.println(usage);
            System.exit(1);
        }

        String sender = args[0];
        String recipient = args[1];
        String subject = args[2];

        Region region = Region.US_EAST_1;
        SesClient client = SesClient.builder()
                .region(region)
                .build();

        // The HTML body of the email.
        String bodyHTML = "<html>" + "<head></head>" + "<body>" + "<h1>Hello!</h1>"
                + "<p> See the list of customers.</p>" + "</body>" + "</html>";

        try {
            send(client, sender, recipient, subject, bodyHTML);
            client.close();
            System.out.println("Done");

        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.getStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void send(SesClient client,
            String sender,
            String recipient,
            String subject,
            String bodyHTML) throws MessagingException {

        Destination destination = Destination.builder()
                .toAddresses(recipient)
                .build();

        Content content = Content.builder()
                .data(bodyHTML)
                .build();

        Content sub = Content.builder()
                .data(subject)
                .build();

        Body body = Body.builder()
                .html(content)
                .build();

        Message msg = Message.builder()
                .subject(sub)
                .body(body)
                .build();

        SendEmailRequest emailRequest = SendEmailRequest.builder()
                .destination(destination)
                .message(msg)
                .source(sender)
                .build();

        try {
            System.out.println("Attempting to send an email through Amazon SES " + "using the AWS SDK for Java...");
            client.sendEmail(emailRequest);

        } catch (SesException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }
}

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.SesClient;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.util.ByteArrayDataSource;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.Properties;
import software.amazon.awssdk.core.SdkBytes;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.SendRawEmailRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.RawMessage;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.ses.model.SesException;

/**
 * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development
 * environment, including your credentials.
 *
 * For more information, see the following documentation topic:
 *
 * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html
 */

public class SendMessageAttachment {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        final String usage = """

                Usage:
                    <sender> <recipient> <subject> <fileLocation>\s

                Where:
                    sender - An email address that represents the sender.\s
                    recipient -  An email address that represents the recipient.\s
                    subject - The  subject line.\s
                    fileLocation - The location of a Microsoft Excel file to use as an attachment (C:/AWS/customers.xls).\s
                """;

        if (args.length != 4) {
            System.out.println(usage);
            System.exit(1);
        }

        String sender = args[0];
        String recipient = args[1];
        String subject = args[2];
        String fileLocation = args[3];

        // The email body for recipients with non-HTML email clients.
        String bodyText = "Hello,\r\n" + "Please see the attached file for a list "
                + "of customers to contact.";

        // The HTML body of the email.
        String bodyHTML = "<html>" + "<head></head>" + "<body>" + "<h1>Hello!</h1>"
                + "<p>Please see the attached file for a " + "list of customers to contact.</p>" + "</body>"
                + "</html>";

        Region region = Region.US_WEST_2;
        SesClient client = SesClient.builder()
                .region(region)
                .build();

        try {
            sendemailAttachment(client, sender, recipient, subject, bodyText, bodyHTML, fileLocation);
            client.close();
            System.out.println("Done");

        } catch (IOException | MessagingException e) {
            e.getStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void sendemailAttachment(SesClient client,
            String sender,
            String recipient,
            String subject,
            String bodyText,
            String bodyHTML,
            String fileLocation) throws AddressException, MessagingException, IOException {

        java.io.File theFile = new java.io.File(fileLocation);
        byte[] fileContent = Files.readAllBytes(theFile.toPath());

        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(new Properties());

        // Create a new MimeMessage object.
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

        // Add subject, from and to lines.
        message.setSubject(subject, "UTF-8");
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(sender));
        message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(recipient));

        // Create a multipart/alternative child container.
        MimeMultipart msgBody = new MimeMultipart("alternative");

        // Create a wrapper for the HTML and text parts.
        MimeBodyPart wrap = new MimeBodyPart();

        // Define the text part.
        MimeBodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
        textPart.setContent(bodyText, "text/plain; charset=UTF-8");

        // Define the HTML part.
        MimeBodyPart htmlPart = new MimeBodyPart();
        htmlPart.setContent(bodyHTML, "text/html; charset=UTF-8");

        // Add the text and HTML parts to the child container.
        msgBody.addBodyPart(textPart);
        msgBody.addBodyPart(htmlPart);

        // Add the child container to the wrapper object.
        wrap.setContent(msgBody);

        // Create a multipart/mixed parent container.
        MimeMultipart msg = new MimeMultipart("mixed");

        // Add the parent container to the message.
        message.setContent(msg);
        msg.addBodyPart(wrap);

        // Define the attachment.
        MimeBodyPart att = new MimeBodyPart();
        DataSource fds = new ByteArrayDataSource(fileContent,
                "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
        att.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));

        String reportName = "WorkReport.xls";
        att.setFileName(reportName);

        // Add the attachment to the message.
        msg.addBodyPart(att);

        try {
            System.out.println("Attempting to send an email through Amazon SES " + "using the AWS SDK for Java...");

            ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            message.writeTo(outputStream);

            ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(outputStream.toByteArray());

            byte[] arr = new byte[buf.remaining()];
            buf.get(arr);

            SdkBytes data = SdkBytes.fromByteArray(arr);
            RawMessage rawMessage = RawMessage.builder()
                    .data(data)
                    .build();

            SendRawEmailRequest rawEmailRequest = SendRawEmailRequest.builder()
                    .rawMessage(rawMessage)
                    .build();

            client.sendRawEmail(rawEmailRequest);

        } catch (SesException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            System.exit(1);
        }
        System.out.println("Email sent using SesClient with attachment");
    }
}

For API details, see SendEmail in AWS SDK for Java 2.x API Reference.

JavaScript

SDK for JavaScript (v3)

Note

There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the AWS Code Examples Repository.


import { SendEmailCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-ses";
import { sesClient } from "./libs/sesClient.js";

const createSendEmailCommand = (toAddress, fromAddress) => {
  return new SendEmailCommand({
    Destination: {
      /* required */
      CcAddresses: [
        /* more items */
      ],
      ToAddresses: [
        toAddress,
        /* more To-email addresses */
      ],
    },
    Message: {
      /* required */
      Body: {
        /* required */
        Html: {
          Charset: "UTF-8",
          Data: "HTML_FORMAT_BODY",
        },
        Text: {
          Charset: "UTF-8",
          Data: "TEXT_FORMAT_BODY",
        },
      },
      Subject: {
        Charset: "UTF-8",
        Data: "EMAIL_SUBJECT",
      },
    },
    Source: fromAddress,
    ReplyToAddresses: [
      /* more items */
    ],
  });
};

const run = async () => {
  const sendEmailCommand = createSendEmailCommand(
    "recipient@example.com",
    "sender@example.com",
  );

  try {
    return await sesClient.send(sendEmailCommand);
  } catch (caught) {
    if (caught instanceof Error && caught.name === "MessageRejected") {
      /** @type { import('@aws-sdk/client-ses').MessageRejected} */
      const messageRejectedError = caught;
      return messageRejectedError;
    }
    throw caught;
  }
};

For API details, see SendEmail in AWS SDK for JavaScript API Reference.

Python

SDK for Python (Boto3)

Note

There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the AWS Code Examples Repository.


class SesMailSender:
    """Encapsulates functions to send emails with Amazon SES."""

    def __init__(self, ses_client):
        """
        :param ses_client: A Boto3 Amazon SES client.
        """
        self.ses_client = ses_client


    def send_email(self, source, destination, subject, text, html, reply_tos=None):
        """
        Sends an email.

        Note: If your account is in the Amazon SES  sandbox, the source and
        destination email accounts must both be verified.

        :param source: The source email account.
        :param destination: The destination email account.
        :param subject: The subject of the email.
        :param text: The plain text version of the body of the email.
        :param html: The HTML version of the body of the email.
        :param reply_tos: Email accounts that will receive a reply if the recipient
                          replies to the message.
        :return: The ID of the message, assigned by Amazon SES.
        """
        send_args = {
            "Source": source,
            "Destination": destination.to_service_format(),
            "Message": {
                "Subject": {"Data": subject},
                "Body": {"Text": {"Data": text}, "Html": {"Data": html}},
            },
        }
        if reply_tos is not None:
            send_args["ReplyToAddresses"] = reply_tos
        try:
            response = self.ses_client.send_email(**send_args)
            message_id = response["MessageId"]
            logger.info(
                "Sent mail %s from %s to %s.", message_id, source, destination.tos
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't send mail from %s to %s.", source, destination.tos
            )
            raise
        else:
            return message_id

For API details, see SendEmail in AWS SDK for Python (Boto3) API Reference.

Ruby

SDK for Ruby

Note

There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the AWS Code Examples Repository.



require 'aws-sdk-ses' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Replace sender@example.com with your "From" address.
# This address must be verified with Amazon SES.
sender = 'sender@example.com'

# Replace recipient@example.com with a "To" address. If your account
# is still in the sandbox, this address must be verified.
recipient = 'recipient@example.com'

# Specify a configuration set. To use a configuration
# set, uncomment the next line and line 74.
#   configsetname = "ConfigSet"

# The subject line for the email.
subject = 'Amazon SES test (AWS SDK for Ruby)'

# The HTML body of the email.
htmlbody =
  '<h1>Amazon SES test (AWS SDK for Ruby)</h1>'\
  '<p>This email was sent with <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/ses/">'\
  'Amazon SES</a> using the <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/">'\
  'AWS SDK for Ruby</a>.'

# The email body for recipients with non-HTML email clients.
textbody = 'This email was sent with Amazon SES using the AWS SDK for Ruby.'

# Specify the text encoding scheme.
encoding = 'UTF-8'

# Create a new SES client in the us-west-2 region.
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SES.
ses = Aws::SES::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

# Try to send the email.
begin
  # Provide the contents of the email.
  ses.send_email(
    destination: {
      to_addresses: [
        recipient
      ]
    },
    message: {
      body: {
        html: {
          charset: encoding,
          data: htmlbody
        },
        text: {
          charset: encoding,
          data: textbody
        }
      },
      subject: {
        charset: encoding,
        data: subject
      }
    },
    source: sender
    # Uncomment the following line to use a configuration set.
    # configuration_set_name: configsetname,
  )

  puts "Email sent to #{recipient}"

# If something goes wrong, display an error message.
rescue Aws::SES::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Email not sent. Error message: #{e}"
end

For API details, see SendEmail in AWS SDK for Ruby API Reference.

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Document Conventions

SendBulkTemplatedEmail

SendRawEmail

Use SendEmail with an AWS SDK or CLI

Note

Note

Note

Note

Note

Note

Use `SendEmail` with an AWS SDK or CLI