Using SSH to connect to Kerberized clusters

This section demonstrates the steps for a Kerberos-authenticated user to connect to the master node of an EMR cluster.

Each computer that is used for an SSH connection must have SSH client and Kerberos client applications installed. Linux computers most likely include these by default. For example, OpenSSH is installed on most Linux, Unix, and macOS operating systems. You can check for an SSH client by typing ssh at the command line. If your computer does not recognize the command, install an SSH client to connect to the master node. The OpenSSH project provides a free implementation of the full suite of SSH tools. For more information, see the OpenSSH website. Windows users can use applications such as PuTTY as an SSH client.

For more information about SSH connections, see Connect to the cluster.

SSH uses GSSAPI for authenticating Kerberos clients, and you must enable GSSAPI authentication for the SSH service on the cluster master node. For more information, see Enabling GSSAPI for SSH. SSH clients must also use GSSAPI.

In the following examples, for MasterPublicDNS use the value that appears for Master public DNS on the Summary tab of the cluster details pane—for example, ec2-11-222-33-44.compute-1.amazonaws.com.

Prerequisite for krb5.conf (non-Active Directory)

When using a configuration without Active Directory integration, in addition to the SSH client and Kerberos client applications, each client computer must have a copy of the /etc/krb5.conf file that matches the /etc/krb5.conf file on the cluster master node.

To copy the krb5.conf file

1. Use SSH to connect to the master node using an EC2 key pair and the default hadoop user—for example, hadoop@MasterPublicDNS. For detailed instructions, see Connect to the cluster.

2. From the master node, copy the contents of the /etc/krb5.conf file . For more information, see Connect to the cluster.

3. On each client computer that will connect to the cluster, create an identical /etc/krb5.conf file based on the copy that you made in the previous step.

Using kinit and SSH

Each time a user connects from a client computer using Kerberos credentials, the user must first renew Kerberos tickets for their user on the client computer. In addition, the SSH client must be configured to use GSSAPI authentication.

To use SSH to connect to a Kerberized EMR cluster

1. Use kinit to renew your Kerberos tickets as shown in the following example

   kinit user1

2. Use an ssh client along with the principal that you created in the cluster-dedicated KDC or Active Directory user name. Make sure that GSSAPI authentication is enabled as shown in the following examples.

   Example: Linux users

   The -K option specifies GSSAPI authentication.

   ssh -K user1@MasterPublicDNS

   Example: Windows users (PuTTY)

   Make sure that the GSSAPI authentication option for the session is enabled as shown: