Log examples for web ACL traffic

This section provides examples for logging web ACL traffic.

Example Rate-based rule 1: Rule configuration with one key, set to Header:dogname

    {
      "Name": "RateBasedRule",
      "Priority": 1,
      "Statement": {
        "RateBasedStatement": {
          "Limit": 100,
          "AggregateKeyType": "CUSTOM_KEYS",
          "CustomKeys": [
            {
              "Header": {
                "Name": "dogname",
                "TextTransformations": [
                  {
                    "Priority": 0,
                    "Type": "NONE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "Action": {
        "Block": {}
      },
      "VisibilityConfig": {
        "SampledRequestsEnabled": true,
        "CloudWatchMetricsEnabled": true,
        "MetricName": "RateBasedRule"
      }
    }

Example Rate-based rule 1: Log entry for request blocked by rate-based rule

{
   "timestamp":1683355579981,
   "formatVersion":1,
   "webaclId": ...,
   "terminatingRuleId":"RateBasedRule",
   "terminatingRuleType":"RATE_BASED",
   "action":"BLOCK",
   "terminatingRuleMatchDetails":[
      
   ],
   "httpSourceName":"APIGW",
   "httpSourceId":"EXAMPLE11:rjvegx5guh:CanaryTest",
   "ruleGroupList":[
      
   ],
   "rateBasedRuleList":[
      {
         "rateBasedRuleId": ...,
         "rateBasedRuleName":"RateBasedRule",
         "limitKey":"CUSTOMKEYS",
         "maxRateAllowed":100,
         "evaluationWindowSec":"120",
         "customValues":[
            {
               "key":"HEADER",
               "name":"dogname",
               "value":"ella"
            }
         ]
      }
   ],
   "nonTerminatingMatchingRules":[
      
   ],
   "requestHeadersInserted":null,
   "responseCodeSent":null,
   "httpRequest":{
      "clientIp":"52.46.82.45",
      "country":"FR",
      "headers":[
         {
            "name":"X-Forwarded-For",
            "value":"52.46.82.45"
         },
         {
            "name":"X-Forwarded-Proto",
            "value":"https"
         },
         {
            "name":"X-Forwarded-Port",
            "value":"443"
         },
         {
            "name":"Host",
            "value":"rjvegx5guh.execute-api.eu-west-3.amazonaws.com"
         },
         {
            "name":"X-Amzn-Trace-Id",
            "value":"Root=1-645566cf-7cb058b04d9bb3ee01dc4036"
         },
         {
            "name":"dogname",
            "value":"ella"
         },
         {
            "name":"User-Agent",
            "value":"RateBasedRuleTestKoipOneKeyModulePV2"
         },
         {
            "name":"Accept-Encoding",
            "value":"gzip,deflate"
         }
      ],
      "uri":"/CanaryTest",
      "args":"",
      "httpVersion":"HTTP/1.1",
      "httpMethod":"GET",
      "requestId":"Ed0AiHF_CGYF-DA="
   }
}

Example Rate-based rule 2: Rule configuration with two keys, set to Header:dogname and Header:catname

    {
      "Name": "RateBasedRule",
      "Priority": 1,
      "Statement": {
        "RateBasedStatement": {
          "Limit": 100,
          "AggregateKeyType": "CUSTOM_KEYS",
          "CustomKeys": [
            {
              "Header": {
                "Name": "dogname",
                "TextTransformations": [
                  {
                    "Priority": 0,
                    "Type": "NONE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            },
            {
              "Header": {
                "Name": "catname",
                "TextTransformations": [
                  {
                    "Priority": 0,
                    "Type": "NONE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "Action": {
        "Block": {}
      },
      "VisibilityConfig": {
        "SampledRequestsEnabled": true,
        "CloudWatchMetricsEnabled": true,
        "MetricName": "RateBasedRule"
      }
    }

Example Rate-based rule 2: Log entry for request blocked by rate-based rule

{
   "timestamp":1633322211194,
   "formatVersion":1,
   "webaclId":...,
   "terminatingRuleId":"RateBasedRule",
   "terminatingRuleType":"RATE_BASED",
   "action":"BLOCK",
   "terminatingRuleMatchDetails":[
      
   ],
   "httpSourceName":"APIGW",
   "httpSourceId":"EXAMPLE11:rjvegx5guh:CanaryTest",
   "ruleGroupList":[
      
   ],
   "rateBasedRuleList":[
      {
         "rateBasedRuleId":...,
         "rateBasedRuleName":"RateBasedRule",
         "limitKey":"CUSTOMKEYS",
         "maxRateAllowed":100,
         "evaluationWindowSec":"120",
         "customValues":[
            {
               "key":"HEADER",
               "name":"dogname",
               "value":"ella"
            },
            {
               "key":"HEADER",
               "name":"catname",
               "value":"goofie"
            }
         ]
      }
   ],
   "nonTerminatingMatchingRules":[
      
   ],
   "requestHeadersInserted":null,
   "responseCodeSent":null,
   "httpRequest":{
      "clientIp":"52.46.82.35",
      "country":"FR",
      "headers":[
         {
            "name":"X-Forwarded-For",
            "value":"52.46.82.35"
         },
         {
            "name":"X-Forwarded-Proto",
            "value":"https"
         },
         {
            "name":"X-Forwarded-Port",
            "value":"443"
         },
         {
            "name":"Host",
            "value":"23llbyn8v3.execute-api.eu-west-3.amazonaws.com"
         },
         {
            "name":"X-Amzn-Trace-Id",
            "value":"Root=1-64556629-17ac754c2ed9f0620e0f2a0c"
         },
         {
            "name":"catname",
            "value":"goofie"
         },
         {
            "name":"dogname",
            "value":"ella"
         },
         {
            "name":"User-Agent",
            "value":"Apache-HttpClient/UNAVAILABLE (Java/11.0.19)"
         },
         {
            "name":"Accept-Encoding",
            "value":"gzip,deflate"
         }
      ],
      "uri":"/CanaryTest",
      "args":"",
      "httpVersion":"HTTP/1.1",
      "httpMethod":"GET",
      "requestId":"EdzmlH5OCGYF1vQ="
   }
}

Example Log output for a rule that triggered on SQLi detection (terminating)

{
    "timestamp": 1576280412771,
    "formatVersion": 1,
    "webaclId": "arn:aws:wafv2:ap-southeast-2:111122223333:regional/webacl/STMTest/1EXAMPLE-2ARN-3ARN-4ARN-123456EXAMPLE",
    "terminatingRuleId": "STMTest_SQLi_XSS",
    "terminatingRuleType": "REGULAR",
    "action": "BLOCK",
    "terminatingRuleMatchDetails": [
        {
            "conditionType": "SQL_INJECTION",
            "sensitivityLevel": "HIGH",
            "location": "HEADER",
            "matchedData": [
                "10",
                "AND",
                "1"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "httpSourceName": "-",
    "httpSourceId": "-",
    "ruleGroupList": [],
    "rateBasedRuleList": [],
    "nonTerminatingMatchingRules": [],
    "httpRequest": {
        "clientIp": "1.1.1.1",
        "country": "AU",
        "headers": [
            {
                "name": "Host",
                "value": "localhost:1989"
            },
            {
                "name": "User-Agent",
                "value": "curl/7.61.1"
            },
            {
                "name": "Accept",
                "value": "*/*"
            },
            {
                "name": "x-stm-test",
                "value": "10 AND 1=1"
            }
        ],
        "uri": "/myUri",
        "args": "",
        "httpVersion": "HTTP/1.1",
        "httpMethod": "GET",
        "requestId": "rid"
    },
    "labels": [
        {
            "name": "value"
        }
    ]
}

Example Log output for a rule that triggered on SQLi detection (non-terminating)

{
    "timestamp":1592357192516
    ,"formatVersion":1
    ,"webaclId":"arn:aws:wafv2:us-east-1:123456789012:global/webacl/hello-world/5933d6d9-9dde-js82-v8aw-9ck28nv9"
    ,"terminatingRuleId":"Default_Action"
    ,"terminatingRuleType":"REGULAR"
    ,"action":"ALLOW"
    ,"terminatingRuleMatchDetails":[]
    ,"httpSourceName":"-"
    ,"httpSourceId":"-"
    ,"ruleGroupList":[]
    ,"rateBasedRuleList":[]
    ,"nonTerminatingMatchingRules":
    [{
        "ruleId":"TestRule"
        ,"action":"COUNT"
        ,"ruleMatchDetails":
        [{
            "conditionType":"SQL_INJECTION"
            ,"sensitivityLevel": "HIGH"
            ,"location":"HEADER"
            ,"matchedData":[
                "10"
                ,"and"
                ,"1"]
            }]
    }]
    ,"httpRequest":{
        "clientIp":"3.3.3.3"
        ,"country":"US"
        ,"headers":[
            {"name":"Host","value":"localhost:1989"}
            ,{"name":"User-Agent","value":"curl/7.61.1"}
            ,{"name":"Accept","value":"*/*"}
            ,{"name":"myHeader","myValue":"10 AND 1=1"}
            ]
            ,"uri":"/myUri","args":""
            ,"httpVersion":"HTTP/1.1"
            ,"httpMethod":"GET"
            ,"requestId":"rid"
    },
    "labels": [
        {
            "name": "value"
        }
    ]
}

Example Log output for multiple rules that triggered inside a rule group (RuleA-XSS is terminating and Rule-B is non-terminating)

{
    "timestamp":1592361810888,
    "formatVersion":1,
    "webaclId":"arn:aws:wafv2:us-east-1:123456789012:global/webacl/hello-world/5933d6d9-9dde-js82-v8aw-9ck28nv9"
    ,"terminatingRuleId":"RG-Reference"
    ,"terminatingRuleType":"GROUP"
    ,"action":"BLOCK",
    "terminatingRuleMatchDetails":
    [{
        "conditionType":"XSS"
        ,"location":"HEADER"
        ,"matchedData":["<","frameset"]
    }]
    ,"httpSourceName":"-"
    ,"httpSourceId":"-"
    ,"ruleGroupList":
    [{
        "ruleGroupId":"arn:aws:wafv2:us-east-1:123456789012:global/rulegroup/hello-world/c05lb698-1f11-4m41-aef4-99a506d53f4b"
        ,"terminatingRule":{
            "ruleId":"RuleA-XSS"
            ,"action":"BLOCK"
            ,"ruleMatchDetails":null
            }
        ,"nonTerminatingMatchingRules":
        [{
            "ruleId":"RuleB-SQLi"
            ,"action":"COUNT"
            ,"ruleMatchDetails":
            [{
                "conditionType":"SQL_INJECTION"
                ,"sensitivityLevel": "LOW"
                ,"location":"HEADER"
                ,"matchedData":[
                    "10"
                    ,"and"
                    ,"1"]
            }]
        }]
        ,"excludedRules":null
    }]
    ,"rateBasedRuleList":[]
    ,"nonTerminatingMatchingRules":[]
    ,"httpRequest":{
        "clientIp":"3.3.3.3"
        ,"country":"US"
        ,"headers":
        [
            {"name":"Host","value":"localhost:1989"}
            ,{"name":"User-Agent","value":"curl/7.61.1"}
            ,{"name":"Accept","value":"*/*"}
            ,{"name":"myHeader1","value":"<frameset onload=alert(1)>"}
            ,{"name":"myHeader2","value":"10 AND 1=1"}
            ]
        ,"uri":"/myUri"
        ,"args":""
        ,"httpVersion":"HTTP/1.1"
        ,"httpMethod":"GET"
        ,"requestId":"rid"
    },
    "labels": [
        {
            "name": "value"
        }
    ]
}

Example Log output for a rule that triggered for the inspection of the request body with content type JSON

AWS WAF currently reports the location for JSON body inspection as UNKNOWN.

{
    "timestamp": 1576280412771,
    "formatVersion": 1,
    "webaclId": "arn:aws:wafv2:ap-southeast-2:123456789012:regional/webacl/test/111",
    "terminatingRuleId": "STMTest_SQLi_XSS",
    "terminatingRuleType": "REGULAR",
    "action": "BLOCK",
    "terminatingRuleMatchDetails": [
        {
            "conditionType": "SQL_INJECTION",
            "sensitivityLevel": "LOW",
            "location": "UNKNOWN",
            "matchedData": [
                "10",
                "AND",
                "1"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "httpSourceName": "ALB",
    "httpSourceId": "alb",
    "ruleGroupList": [],
    "rateBasedRuleList": [],
    "nonTerminatingMatchingRules": [],
    "requestHeadersInserted":null,
    "responseCodeSent":null,
    "httpRequest": {
        "clientIp": "1.1.1.1",
        "country": "AU",
        "headers": [],
        "uri": "",
        "args": "",
        "httpVersion": "HTTP/1.1",
        "httpMethod": "POST",
        "requestId": "null"
    },
    "labels": [
        {
            "name": "value"
        }
    ]
}

Example Log output for a CAPTCHA rule against a web request with a valid, unexpired CAPTCHA token

The following log listing is for a web request that matched a rule with CAPTCHA action. The web request has a valid and unexpired CAPTCHA token, and is only noted as a CAPTCHA match by AWS WAF, similar to the behavior for the Count action. This CAPTCHA match is noted under nonTerminatingMatchingRules.

{
  "timestamp": 1632420429309,
  "formatVersion": 1,
  "webaclId": "arn:aws:wafv2:us-east-1:123456789012:regional/webacl/captcha-web-acl/585e38b5-afce-4d2a-b417-14fb08b66c67",
  "terminatingRuleId": "Default_Action",
  "terminatingRuleType": "REGULAR",
  "action": "ALLOW",
  "terminatingRuleMatchDetails": [],
  "httpSourceName": "APIGW",
  "httpSourceId": "123456789012:b34myvfw0b:pen-test",
  "ruleGroupList": [],
  "rateBasedRuleList": [],
  "nonTerminatingMatchingRules": [
    {
      "ruleId": "captcha-rule",
      "action": "CAPTCHA",
      "ruleMatchDetails": [],
      "captchaResponse": {
        "responseCode": 0,
        "solveTimestamp": 1632420429
      }
    }
  ],
  "requestHeadersInserted": [
    {
      "name": "x-amzn-waf-test-header-name",
      "value": "test-header-value"
    }
  ],
  "responseCodeSent": null,
  "httpRequest": {
    "clientIp": "72.21.198.65",
    "country": "US",
    "headers": [
      {
        "name": "X-Forwarded-For",
        "value": "72.21.198.65"
      },
      {
        "name": "X-Forwarded-Proto",
        "value": "https"
      },
      {
        "name": "X-Forwarded-Port",
        "value": "443"
      },
      {
        "name": "Host",
        "value": "b34myvfw0b.gamma.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"
      },
      {
        "name": "X-Amzn-Trace-Id",
        "value": "Root=1-614cc24d-5ad89a09181910c43917a888"
      },
      {
        "name": "cache-control",
        "value": "max-age=0"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-ch-ua",
        "value": "\"Chromium\";v=\"94\", \"Google Chrome\";v=\"94\", \";Not A Brand\";v=\"99\""
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-ch-ua-mobile",
        "value": "?0"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-ch-ua-platform",
        "value": "\"Windows\""
      },
      {
        "name": "upgrade-insecure-requests",
        "value": "1"
      },
      {
        "name": "user-agent",
        "value": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.54 Safari/537.36"
      },
      {
        "name": "accept",
        "value": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-site",
        "value": "same-origin"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-mode",
        "value": "navigate"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-user",
        "value": "?1"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-dest",
        "value": "document"
      },
      {
        "name": "referer",
        "value": "https://b34myvfw0b.gamma.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/pen-test/pets"
      },
      {
        "name": "accept-encoding",
        "value": "gzip, deflate, br"
      },
      {
        "name": "accept-language",
        "value": "en-US,en;q=0.9"
      },
      {
        "name": "cookie",
        "value": "aws-waf-token=51c71352-41f5-4f6d-b676-c24907bdf819:EQoAZ/J+AAQAAAAA:t9wvxbw042wva7E2Y6lgud/bS6YG0CJKVAJqaRqDZ140ythKW0Zj9wKB2O8lSkYDRqf1yONcVBFo5u0eYi0tvT4rtQCXsu+KanAardW8go4QSLw4yoED59lgV7oAhGyCalAzE7ra29j+RvvZPsQyoQuDCrtoY/TvQyMTXIXzGPDC/rKBbg=="
      }
    ],
    "uri": "/pen-test/pets",
    "args": "",
    "httpVersion": "HTTP/1.1",
    "httpMethod": "GET",
    "requestId": "GINMHHUgoAMFxug="
  }
}

Example Log output for a CAPTCHA rule against a web request that doesn't have a CAPTCHA token

The following log listing is for a web request that matched a rule with CAPTCHA action. The web request didn't have a CAPTCHA token, and was blocked by AWS WAF.

{
  "timestamp": 1632420416512,
  "formatVersion": 1,
  "webaclId": "arn:aws:wafv2:us-east-1:123456789012:regional/webacl/captcha-web-acl/585e38b5-afce-4d2a-b417-14fb08b66c67",
  "terminatingRuleId": "captcha-rule",
  "terminatingRuleType": "REGULAR",
  "action": "CAPTCHA",
  "terminatingRuleMatchDetails": [],
  "httpSourceName": "APIGW",
  "httpSourceId": "123456789012:b34myvfw0b:pen-test",
  "ruleGroupList": [],
  "rateBasedRuleList": [],
  "nonTerminatingMatchingRules": [],
  "requestHeadersInserted": null,
  "responseCodeSent": 405,
  "httpRequest": {
    "clientIp": "72.21.198.65",
    "country": "US",
    "headers": [
      {
        "name": "X-Forwarded-For",
        "value": "72.21.198.65"
      },
      {
        "name": "X-Forwarded-Proto",
        "value": "https"
      },
      {
        "name": "X-Forwarded-Port",
        "value": "443"
      },
      {
        "name": "Host",
        "value": "b34myvfw0b.gamma.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"
      },
      {
        "name": "X-Amzn-Trace-Id",
        "value": "Root=1-614cc240-18b57ff33c10e5c016b508c5"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-ch-ua",
        "value": "\"Chromium\";v=\"94\", \"Google Chrome\";v=\"94\", \";Not A Brand\";v=\"99\""
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-ch-ua-mobile",
        "value": "?0"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-ch-ua-platform",
        "value": "\"Windows\""
      },
      {
        "name": "upgrade-insecure-requests",
        "value": "1"
      },
      {
        "name": "user-agent",
        "value": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.54 Safari/537.36"
      },
      {
        "name": "accept",
        "value": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-site",
        "value": "cross-site"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-mode",
        "value": "navigate"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-user",
        "value": "?1"
      },
      {
        "name": "sec-fetch-dest",
        "value": "document"
      },
      {
        "name": "accept-encoding",
        "value": "gzip, deflate, br"
      },
      {
        "name": "accept-language",
        "value": "en-US,en;q=0.9"
      }
    ],
    "uri": "/pen-test/pets",
    "args": "",
    "httpVersion": "HTTP/1.1",
    "httpMethod": "GET",
    "requestId": "GINKHEssoAMFsrg="
  },
  "captchaResponse": {
    "responseCode": 405,
    "solveTimestamp": 0,
    "failureReason": "TOKEN_MISSING"
  }
}