Mengelola pemberitahuan alarm

AWS IoT Eventsmenggunakan fungsi Lambda untuk mengelola pemberitahuan alarm. Anda dapat menggunakan fungsi Lambda yang disediakan oleh AWS IoT Events atau membuat yang baru.

Membuat fungsi Lambda

AWS IoT Eventsmenyediakan fungsi Lambda yang memungkinkan alarm untuk mengirim dan menerima pemberitahuan email dan SMS.

Persyaratan

Persyaratan berikut berlaku saat Anda membuat fungsi Lambda untuk alarm:

Jika alarm Anda mengirim email atau pemberitahuan SMS, Anda harus memiliki peran IAM yang memungkinkan AWS Lambda untuk bekerja dengan Amazon SES dan Amazon SNS.

Contoh kebijakan:


{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "ses:GetIdentityVerificationAttributes",
                "ses:SendEmail",
                "ses:VerifyEmailIdentity"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "sns:Publish",
                "sns:OptInPhoneNumber",
                "sns:CheckIfPhoneNumberIsOptedOut"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Deny",
            "Action": [
                "sns:Publish"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:sns:*:*:*"
        }
    ]
}

Anda harus memilih AWS Wilayah yang sama untuk keduanya AWS IoT Events danAWS Lambda. Untuk daftar Wilayah yang didukung, lihat AWS IoT Eventstitik akhir dan kuota serta AWS Lambda titik akhir dan kuota di. Referensi Umum Amazon Web

Deploying fungsi Lambda

Tutorial ini menggunakan AWS CloudFormation template untuk menyebarkan fungsi Lambda. Template ini secara otomatis membuat peran IAM yang memungkinkan fungsi Lambda bekerja dengan Amazon SES dan Amazon SNS.

Berikut ini menunjukkan cara menggunakan AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) untuk membuat CloudFormation tumpukan.

Di terminal perangkat Anda, jalankan aws --version untuk memeriksa apakah Anda menginstal fileAWS CLI. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Menginstal AWS CLI dalam Panduan Pengguna AWS Command Line Interface.
Jalankan aws configure list untuk memeriksa apakah Anda mengkonfigurasi AWS CLI di AWS Wilayah yang memiliki semua AWS sumber daya Anda untuk tutorial ini. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Mengonfigurasi AWS CLI dalam AWS Command Line InterfacePanduan Pengguna
Unduh CloudFormation template, NotificationLambda.Template.yaml.zip.

catatan
Jika Anda mengalami kesulitan mengunduh file, template juga tersedia di fileCloudFormation Template.
Unzip konten dan simpan secara lokal sebagai notificationLambda.template.yaml.
Buka terminal di perangkat Anda dan arahkan ke direktori tempat Anda mengunduh notificationLambda.template.yaml file.

Untuk membuat CloudFormation tumpukan, jalankan perintah berikut:


aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name notificationLambda-stack --template-body file://notificationLambda.template.yaml --capabilities CAPABILITY_IAM

Anda dapat memodifikasi CloudFormation template ini untuk menyesuaikan fungsi Lambda dan perilakunya.

catatan

AWS Lambdamencoba ulang kesalahan fungsi dua kali. Jika fungsi tidak memiliki kapasitas yang cukup untuk menangani semua permintaan yang masuk, peristiwa mungkin menunggu dalam antrean selama beberapa jam atau hari untuk dikirim ke fungsi tersebut. Anda dapat mengonfigurasi antrian pesan tidak terkirim (DLQ) pada fungsi untuk menangkap peristiwa yang tidak berhasil diproses. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Invokasi asinkron di Panduan Developer AWS Lambda.

Anda juga dapat membuat atau mengonfigurasi tumpukan di CloudFormation konsol. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Bekerja dengan tumpukan, di Panduan AWS CloudFormation Pengguna.

Membuat fungsi Lambda khusus

Anda dapat membuat fungsi Lambda atau memodifikasi yang disediakan oleh. AWS IoT Events

Persyaratan berikut berlaku saat Anda membuat fungsi Lambda kustom.

Tambahkan izin yang memungkinkan fungsi Lambda Anda melakukan tindakan tertentu dan AWS mengakses sumber daya.
Jika Anda menggunakan fungsi Lambda yang disediakan olehAWS IoT Events, pastikan Anda memilih runtime Python 3.7.

Contoh fungsi Lambda:


import boto3
import json
import logging
import datetime
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
ses = boto3.client('ses')
sns = boto3.client('sns')
def check_value(target):
  if target:
    return True
  return False

# Check whether email is verified. Only verified emails are allowed to send emails to or from.
def check_email(email):
  if not check_value(email):
    return False
  result = ses.get_identity_verification_attributes(Identities=[email])
  attr = result['VerificationAttributes']
  if (email not in attr or attr[email]['VerificationStatus'] != 'Success'):
      logging.info('Verification email for {} sent. You must have all the emails verified before sending email.'.format(email))
      ses.verify_email_identity(EmailAddress=email)
      return False
  return True

# Check whether the phone holder has opted out of receiving SMS messages from your account
def check_phone_number(phone_number):
  try:
    result = sns.check_if_phone_number_is_opted_out(phoneNumber=phone_number)
    if (result['isOptedOut']):
        logger.info('phoneNumber {} is not opt in of receiving SMS messages. Phone number must be opt in first.'.format(phone_number))
        return False
    return True
  except Exception as e:
    logging.error('Your phone number {} must be in E.164 format in SSO. Exception thrown: {}'.format(phone_number, e))
    return False

def check_emails(emails):
  result = True
  for email in emails:
      if not check_email(email):
          result = False
  return result

def lambda_handler(event, context):
  logging.info('Received event: ' + json.dumps(event))
  nep = json.loads(event.get('notificationEventPayload'))
  alarm_state = nep['alarmState']
  default_msg = 'Alarm ' + alarm_state['stateName'] + '\n'
  timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(float(nep['stateUpdateTime'])/1000).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
  alarm_msg = "{} {} {} at {} UTC ".format(nep['alarmModelName'], nep.get('keyValue', 'Singleton'), alarm_state['stateName'], timestamp)
  default_msg += 'Sev: ' + str(nep['severity']) + '\n'
  if (alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']):
    property = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['inputProperty']
    default_msg += 'Current Value: ' + str(property) + '\n'
    operator = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['operator']
    threshold = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['threshold']
    alarm_msg += '({} {} {})'.format(str(property), operator, str(threshold))
  default_msg += alarm_msg + '\n'

  emails = event.get('emailConfigurations', [])
  logger.info('Start Sending Emails')
  for email in emails:
    from_adr = email.get('from')
    to_adrs = email.get('to', [])
    cc_adrs = email.get('cc', [])
    bcc_adrs = email.get('bcc', [])
    msg = default_msg + '\n' + email.get('additionalMessage', '')
    subject = email.get('subject', alarm_msg)
    fa_ver = check_email(from_adr)
    tas_ver = check_emails(to_adrs)
    ccas_ver = check_emails(cc_adrs)
    bccas_ver = check_emails(bcc_adrs)
    if (fa_ver and tas_ver and ccas_ver and bccas_ver):
      ses.send_email(Source=from_adr,
                     Destination={'ToAddresses': to_adrs, 'CcAddresses': cc_adrs, 'BccAddresses': bcc_adrs},
                     Message={'Subject': {'Data': subject}, 'Body': {'Text': {'Data': msg}}})
      logger.info('Emails have been sent')

  logger.info('Start Sending SNS message to SMS')
  sns_configs = event.get('smsConfigurations', [])
  for sns_config in sns_configs:
    sns_msg = default_msg + '\n' + sns_config.get('additionalMessage', '')
    phone_numbers = sns_config.get('phoneNumbers', [])
    sender_id = sns_config.get('senderId')
    for phone_number in phone_numbers:
        if check_phone_number(phone_number):
          if check_value(sender_id):
            sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg, MessageAttributes={'AWS.SNS.SMS.SenderID':{'DataType': 'String','StringValue': sender_id}})
          else:
            sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg)
          logger.info('SNS messages have been sent')

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Apa yang dimaksud AWS Lambda? dalam Panduan Developer AWS Lambda.

CloudFormation Template

Gunakan CloudFormation template berikut untuk membuat fungsi Lambda Anda.


AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Description: 'Notification Lambda for Alarm Model'
Resources:
  NotificationLambdaRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Statement:
          - Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service: lambda.amazonaws.com
            Action: sts:AssumeRole
      Path: "/"
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AWSLambdaExecute'
      Policies:
        - PolicyName: "NotificationLambda"
          PolicyDocument:
            Version: "2012-10-17"
            Statement:
              - Effect: "Allow"
                Action:
                  - "ses:GetIdentityVerificationAttributes"
                  - "ses:SendEmail"
                  - "ses:VerifyEmailIdentity"
                Resource: "*"
              - Effect: "Allow"
                Action:
                  - "sns:Publish"
                  - "sns:OptInPhoneNumber"
                  - "sns:CheckIfPhoneNumberIsOptedOut"
                Resource: "*"
              - Effect: "Deny"
                Action:
                  - "sns:Publish"
                Resource: "arn:aws:sns:*:*:*"
  NotificationLambdaFunction:
    Type: AWS::Lambda::Function
    Properties:
      Role: !GetAtt NotificationLambdaRole.Arn
      Runtime: python3.7
      Handler: index.lambda_handler
      Timeout: 300
      MemorySize: 3008
      Code:
        ZipFile: |
          import boto3
          import json
          import logging
          import datetime
          logger = logging.getLogger()
          logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
          ses = boto3.client('ses')
          sns = boto3.client('sns')
          def check_value(target):
            if target:
              return True
            return False

          # Check whether email is verified. Only verified emails are allowed to send emails to or from.
          def check_email(email):
            if not check_value(email):
              return False
            result = ses.get_identity_verification_attributes(Identities=[email])
            attr = result['VerificationAttributes']
            if (email not in attr or attr[email]['VerificationStatus'] != 'Success'):
                logging.info('Verification email for {} sent. You must have all the emails verified before sending email.'.format(email))
                ses.verify_email_identity(EmailAddress=email)
                return False
            return True

          # Check whether the phone holder has opted out of receiving SMS messages from your account
          def check_phone_number(phone_number):
            try:
              result = sns.check_if_phone_number_is_opted_out(phoneNumber=phone_number)
              if (result['isOptedOut']):
                  logger.info('phoneNumber {} is not opt in of receiving SMS messages. Phone number must be opt in first.'.format(phone_number))
                  return False
              return True
            except Exception as e:
              logging.error('Your phone number {} must be in E.164 format in SSO. Exception thrown: {}'.format(phone_number, e))
              return False

          def check_emails(emails):
            result = True
            for email in emails:
                if not check_email(email):
                    result = False
            return result

          def lambda_handler(event, context):
            logging.info('Received event: ' + json.dumps(event))
            nep = json.loads(event.get('notificationEventPayload'))
            alarm_state = nep['alarmState']
            default_msg = 'Alarm ' + alarm_state['stateName'] + '\n'
            timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(float(nep['stateUpdateTime'])/1000).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            alarm_msg = "{} {} {} at {} UTC ".format(nep['alarmModelName'], nep.get('keyValue', 'Singleton'), alarm_state['stateName'], timestamp)
            default_msg += 'Sev: ' + str(nep['severity']) + '\n'
            if (alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']):
              property = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['inputProperty']
              default_msg += 'Current Value: ' + str(property) + '\n'
              operator = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['operator']
              threshold = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['threshold']
              alarm_msg += '({} {} {})'.format(str(property), operator, str(threshold))
            default_msg += alarm_msg + '\n'

            emails = event.get('emailConfigurations', [])
            logger.info('Start Sending Emails')
            for email in emails:
              from_adr = email.get('from')
              to_adrs = email.get('to', [])
              cc_adrs = email.get('cc', [])
              bcc_adrs = email.get('bcc', [])
              msg = default_msg + '\n' + email.get('additionalMessage', '')
              subject = email.get('subject', alarm_msg)
              fa_ver = check_email(from_adr)
              tas_ver = check_emails(to_adrs)
              ccas_ver = check_emails(cc_adrs)
              bccas_ver = check_emails(bcc_adrs)
              if (fa_ver and tas_ver and ccas_ver and bccas_ver):
                ses.send_email(Source=from_adr,
                               Destination={'ToAddresses': to_adrs, 'CcAddresses': cc_adrs, 'BccAddresses': bcc_adrs},
                               Message={'Subject': {'Data': subject}, 'Body': {'Text': {'Data': msg}}})
                logger.info('Emails have been sent')

            logger.info('Start Sending SNS message to SMS')
            sns_configs = event.get('smsConfigurations', [])
            for sns_config in sns_configs:
              sns_msg = default_msg + '\n' + sns_config.get('additionalMessage', '')
              phone_numbers = sns_config.get('phoneNumbers', [])
              sender_id = sns_config.get('senderId')
              for phone_number in phone_numbers:
                  if check_phone_number(phone_number):
                    if check_value(sender_id):
                      sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg, MessageAttributes={'AWS.SNS.SMS.SenderID':{'DataType': 'String','StringValue': sender_id}})
                    else:
                      sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg)
                    logger.info('SNS messages have been sent')

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Menanggapi alarm

Menggunakan fungsi Lambda yang disediakan oleh AWS IoT Events