# Amazon CloudWatch Logs 템플릿 코드 조각
Amazon CloudWatch Logs는 Amazon EC2 인스턴스 또는 기타 소스의 시스템, 애플리케이션 및 사용자 지정 로그 파일을 모니터링할 수 있습니다. CloudFormation을 사용하여 로그 그룹 및 지표 필터를 프로비저닝 및 관리할 수 있습니다. Amazon CloudWatch Logs에 대한 자세한 내용은 [Amazon CloudWatch Logs 사용자 설명서](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/logs/WhatIsCloudWatchLogs.html)를 참조하세요.
**Topics**
+ [Linux 인스턴스에서 CloudWatch Logs로 로그 전송](#quickref-cloudwatchlogs-example1)
+ [Windows 인스턴스에서 CloudWatch Logs로 로그 전송](#quickref-cloudwatchlogs-example2)
+ [다음 사항도 참조하세요.](#w2aac11c41c35c11)
## Linux 인스턴스에서 CloudWatch Logs로 로그 전송
다음 템플릿은 CloudWatch Logs 통합을 사용하여 Amazon Linux 2023에서 웹 서버를 설정하는 방법을 보여줍니다. 이 템플릿은 다음과 같은 작업을 수행합니다.
+ Apache 및 PHP를 설치합니다.
+ Apache 액세스 로그를 CloudWatch Logs로 전달하도록 CloudWatch 에이전트를 구성합니다.
+ CloudWatch 에이전트가 로그 데이터를 CloudWatch Logs로 전송할 수 있도록 IAM 역할을 설정합니다.
+ 사용자 지정 경보 및 알림을 생성하여 404 오류 또는 높은 대역폭 사용량을 모니터링합니다.
웹 서버의 로그 이벤트는 CloudWatch 경보에 대한 지표 데이터를 제공합니다. 두 지표 필터는 로그 정보가 CloudWatch 측정치로 변환되는 방식을 설명합니다. 404 측정치는 404 발생 횟수를 계산합니다. size 측정치는 요청의 크기를 추적합니다. 두 CloudWatch 경보는 2분 안에 404가 세 번 이상 발생했거나 평균 요청 크기가 10분 동안 3500KB 이상인 경우 알림을 전송합니다.
### JSON
```
{
"AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
"Description": "Sample template that sets up and configures CloudWatch Logs on Amazon Linux 2023 instance.",
"Parameters": {
"KeyName": {
"Description": "Name of an existing EC2 KeyPair to enable SSH access to the instances",
"Type": "AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName",
"ConstraintDescription": "must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair."
},
"SSHLocation": {
"Description": "The IP address range that can be used to SSH to the EC2 instances",
"Type": "String",
"MinLength": "9",
"MaxLength": "18",
"Default": "0.0.0.0/0",
"AllowedPattern": "(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})/(\\d{1,2})",
"ConstraintDescription": "must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x."
},
"OperatorEmail": {
"Description": "Email address to notify when CloudWatch alarms are triggered (404 errors or high bandwidth usage)",
"Type": "String"
}
},
"Resources": {
"LogRole": {
"Type": "AWS::IAM::Role",
"Properties": {
"AssumeRolePolicyDocument": {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Principal": {
"Service": [
"ec2.amazonaws.com"
]
},
"Action": [
"sts:AssumeRole"
]
}
]
},
"Path": "/",
"Policies": [
{
"PolicyName": "LogRolePolicy",
"PolicyDocument": {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"logs:PutLogEvents",
"logs:DescribeLogStreams",
"logs:DescribeLogGroups",
"logs:CreateLogGroup",
"logs:CreateLogStream"
],
"Resource": "*"
}
]
}
}
]
}
},
"LogRoleInstanceProfile": {
"Type": "AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile",
"Properties": {
"Path": "/",
"Roles": [{"Ref": "LogRole"}]
}
},
"WebServerSecurityGroup": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
"Properties": {
"GroupDescription": "Enable HTTP access via port 80 and SSH access via port 22",
"SecurityGroupIngress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"FromPort": 80,
"ToPort": 80,
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
},
{
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"FromPort": 22,
"ToPort": 22,
"CidrIp": {"Ref": "SSHLocation"}
}
]
}
},
"WebServerHost": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
"Metadata": {
"Comment": "Install a simple PHP application on Amazon Linux 2023",
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init": {
"config": {
"packages": {
"dnf": {
"httpd": [],
"php": [],
"php-fpm": []
}
},
"files": {
"/etc/amazon-cloudwatch-agent/amazon-cloudwatch-agent.json": {
"content": {
"logs": {
"logs_collected": {
"files": {
"collect_list": [{
"file_path": "/var/log/httpd/access_log",
"log_group_name": {"Ref": "WebServerLogGroup"},
"log_stream_name": "{instance_id}/apache.log",
"timestamp_format": "%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z"
}]
}
}
}
},
"mode": "000644",
"owner": "root",
"group": "root"
},
"/var/www/html/index.php": {
"content": "AWS CloudFormation sample PHP application on Amazon Linux 2023';\n?>\n",
"mode": "000644",
"owner": "apache",
"group": "apache"
},
"/etc/cfn/cfn-hup.conf": {
"content": {
"Fn::Join": [
"",
[
"[main]\n",
"stack=",
{"Ref": "AWS::StackId"},
"\n",
"region=",
{"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"\n"
]
]
},
"mode": "000400",
"owner": "root",
"group": "root"
},
"/etc/cfn/hooks.d/cfn-auto-reloader.conf": {
"content": {
"Fn::Join": [
"",
[
"[cfn-auto-reloader-hook]\n",
"triggers=post.update\n",
"path=Resources.WebServerHost.Metadata.AWS::CloudFormation::Init\n",
"action=/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -s ",
{"Ref": "AWS::StackId"},
" -r WebServerHost ",
" --region ",
{"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"\n",
"runas=root\n"
]
]
}
}
},
"services": {
"systemd": {
"httpd": {
"enabled": "true",
"ensureRunning": "true"
},
"php-fpm": {
"enabled": "true",
"ensureRunning": "true"
}
}
}
}
}
},
"CreationPolicy": {
"ResourceSignal": {
"Timeout": "PT5M"
}
},
"Properties": {
"ImageId": "{{resolve:ssm:/aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest/al2023-ami-kernel-6.1-x86_64}}",
"KeyName": {"Ref": "KeyName"},
"InstanceType": "t3.micro",
"SecurityGroupIds": [{"Ref": "WebServerSecurityGroup"}],
"IamInstanceProfile": {"Ref": "LogRoleInstanceProfile"},
"UserData": {"Fn::Base64": {"Fn::Join": [ "", [
"#!/bin/bash\n",
"dnf update -y aws-cfn-bootstrap\n",
"dnf install -y amazon-cloudwatch-agent\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v --stack ", {"Ref": "AWS::StackName"}, " --resource WebServerHost --region ", {"Ref": "AWS::Region"}, "\n",
"\n",
"# Verify Apache log directory exists and create if needed\n",
"mkdir -p /var/log/httpd\n",
"\n",
"# Start CloudWatch agent\n",
"/opt/aws/amazon-cloudwatch-agent/bin/amazon-cloudwatch-agent-ctl -a fetch-config -m ec2 -c file:/etc/amazon-cloudwatch-agent/amazon-cloudwatch-agent.json -s\n",
"\n",
"# Signal success\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-signal -e $? --stack ", {"Ref": "AWS::StackName"}, " --resource WebServerHost --region ", {"Ref": "AWS::Region"}, "\n"
]]}}
}
},
"WebServerLogGroup": {
"Type": "AWS::Logs::LogGroup",
"DeletionPolicy": "Retain",
"UpdateReplacePolicy": "Retain",
"Properties": {
"RetentionInDays": 7
}
},
"404MetricFilter": {
"Type": "AWS::Logs::MetricFilter",
"Properties": {
"LogGroupName": {"Ref": "WebServerLogGroup"},
"FilterPattern": "[ip, identity, user_id, timestamp, request, status_code = 404, size, ...]",
"MetricTransformations": [
{
"MetricValue": "1",
"MetricNamespace": "test/404s",
"MetricName": "test404Count"
}
]
}
},
"BytesTransferredMetricFilter": {
"Type": "AWS::Logs::MetricFilter",
"Properties": {
"LogGroupName": {"Ref": "WebServerLogGroup"},
"FilterPattern": "[ip, identity, user_id, timestamp, request, status_code, size, ...]",
"MetricTransformations": [
{
"MetricValue": "$size",
"MetricNamespace": "test/BytesTransferred",
"MetricName": "testBytesTransferred"
}
]
}
},
"404Alarm": {
"Type": "AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm",
"Properties": {
"AlarmDescription": "The number of 404s is greater than 2 over 2 minutes",
"MetricName": "test404Count",
"Namespace": "test/404s",
"Statistic": "Sum",
"Period": "60",
"EvaluationPeriods": "2",
"Threshold": "2",
"AlarmActions": [{"Ref": "AlarmNotificationTopic"}],
"ComparisonOperator": "GreaterThanThreshold"
}
},
"BandwidthAlarm": {
"Type": "AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm",
"Properties": {
"AlarmDescription": "The average volume of traffic is greater 3500 KB over 10 minutes",
"MetricName": "testBytesTransferred",
"Namespace": "test/BytesTransferred",
"Statistic": "Average",
"Period": "300",
"EvaluationPeriods": "2",
"Threshold": "3500",
"AlarmActions": [{"Ref": "AlarmNotificationTopic"}],
"ComparisonOperator": "GreaterThanThreshold"
}
},
"AlarmNotificationTopic": {
"Type": "AWS::SNS::Topic",
"Properties": {
"Subscription": [{"Endpoint": {"Ref": "OperatorEmail"}, "Protocol": "email"}]
}
}
},
"Outputs": {
"InstanceId": {
"Description": "The instance ID of the web server",
"Value": {"Ref": "WebServerHost"}
},
"WebsiteURL": {
"Value": {"Fn::Sub": "http://${WebServerHost.PublicDnsName}"},
"Description": "URL for the web server"
},
"PublicIP": {
"Description": "Public IP address of the web server",
"Value": {"Fn::GetAtt": ["WebServerHost","PublicIp"]
}
},
"CloudWatchLogGroupName": {
"Description": "The name of the CloudWatch log group",
"Value": {"Ref": "WebServerLogGroup"}
}
}
}
```
### YAML
```
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Sample template that sets up and configures CloudWatch Logs on Amazon Linux 2023 instance.
Parameters:
KeyName:
Description: Name of an existing EC2 KeyPair to enable SSH access to the instances
Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName
ConstraintDescription: must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair.
SSHLocation:
Description: The IP address range that can be used to SSH to the EC2 instances
Type: String
MinLength: '9'
MaxLength: '18'
Default: 0.0.0.0/0
AllowedPattern: '(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})/(\d{1,2})'
ConstraintDescription: must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x.
OperatorEmail:
Description: Email address to notify when CloudWatch alarms are triggered (404 errors or high bandwidth usage)
Type: String
Resources:
LogRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Version: 2012-10-17
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- ec2.amazonaws.com
Action:
- 'sts:AssumeRole'
Path: /
Policies:
- PolicyName: LogRolePolicy
PolicyDocument:
Version: 2012-10-17
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action:
- 'logs:PutLogEvents'
- 'logs:DescribeLogStreams'
- 'logs:DescribeLogGroups'
- 'logs:CreateLogGroup'
- 'logs:CreateLogStream'
Resource: '*'
LogRoleInstanceProfile:
Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile
Properties:
Path: /
Roles:
- !Ref LogRole
WebServerSecurityGroup:
Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
Properties:
GroupDescription: Enable HTTP access via port 80 and SSH access via port 22
SecurityGroupIngress:
- IpProtocol: tcp
FromPort: 80
ToPort: 80
CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0
- IpProtocol: tcp
FromPort: 22
ToPort: 22
CidrIp: !Ref SSHLocation
WebServerHost:
Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
Metadata:
Comment: Install a simple PHP application on Amazon Linux 2023
'AWS::CloudFormation::Init':
config:
packages:
dnf:
httpd: []
php: []
php-fpm: []
files:
/etc/amazon-cloudwatch-agent/amazon-cloudwatch-agent.json:
content: !Sub |
{
"logs": {
"logs_collected": {
"files": {
"collect_list": [
{
"file_path": "/var/log/httpd/access_log",
"log_group_name": "${WebServerLogGroup}",
"log_stream_name": "{instance_id}/apache.log",
"timestamp_format": "%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z"
}
]
}
}
}
}
mode: '000644'
owner: root
group: root
/var/www/html/index.php:
content: |
AWS CloudFormation sample PHP application on Amazon Linux 2023';
?>
mode: '000644'
owner: apache
group: apache
/etc/cfn/cfn-hup.conf:
content: !Sub |
[main]
stack=${AWS::StackId}
region=${AWS::Region}
mode: '000400'
owner: root
group: root
/etc/cfn/hooks.d/cfn-auto-reloader.conf:
content: !Sub |
[cfn-auto-reloader-hook]
triggers=post.update
path=Resources.WebServerHost.Metadata.AWS::CloudFormation::Init
action=/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -s ${AWS::StackId} -r WebServerHost --region ${AWS::Region}
runas=root
services:
systemd:
httpd:
enabled: 'true'
ensureRunning: 'true'
php-fpm:
enabled: 'true'
ensureRunning: 'true'
CreationPolicy:
ResourceSignal:
Timeout: PT5M
Properties:
ImageId: '{{resolve:ssm:/aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest/al2023-ami-kernel-6.1-x86_64}}'
KeyName: !Ref KeyName
InstanceType: t3.micro
SecurityGroupIds:
- !Ref WebServerSecurityGroup
IamInstanceProfile: !Ref LogRoleInstanceProfile
UserData: !Base64
Fn::Sub: |
#!/bin/bash
dnf update -y aws-cfn-bootstrap
dnf install -y amazon-cloudwatch-agent
/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v --stack ${AWS::StackName} --resource WebServerHost --region ${AWS::Region}
# Verify Apache log directory exists and create if needed
mkdir -p /var/log/httpd
# Start CloudWatch agent
/opt/aws/amazon-cloudwatch-agent/bin/amazon-cloudwatch-agent-ctl -a fetch-config -m ec2 -c file:/etc/amazon-cloudwatch-agent/amazon-cloudwatch-agent.json -s
# Signal success
/opt/aws/bin/cfn-signal -e $? --stack ${AWS::StackName} --resource WebServerHost --region ${AWS::Region}
echo "Done"
WebServerLogGroup:
Type: AWS::Logs::LogGroup
DeletionPolicy: Retain
UpdateReplacePolicy: Retain
Properties:
RetentionInDays: 7
404MetricFilter:
Type: AWS::Logs::MetricFilter
Properties:
LogGroupName: !Ref WebServerLogGroup
FilterPattern: >-
[ip, identity, user_id, timestamp, request, status_code = 404, size, ...]
MetricTransformations:
- MetricValue: '1'
MetricNamespace: test/404s
MetricName: test404Count
BytesTransferredMetricFilter:
Type: AWS::Logs::MetricFilter
Properties:
LogGroupName: !Ref WebServerLogGroup
FilterPattern: '[ip, identity, user_id, timestamp, request, status_code, size, ...]'
MetricTransformations:
- MetricValue: $size
MetricNamespace: test/BytesTransferred
MetricName: testBytesTransferred
404Alarm:
Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
Properties:
AlarmDescription: The number of 404s is greater than 2 over 2 minutes
MetricName: test404Count
Namespace: test/404s
Statistic: Sum
Period: '60'
EvaluationPeriods: '2'
Threshold: '2'
AlarmActions:
- !Ref AlarmNotificationTopic
ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanThreshold
BandwidthAlarm:
Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
Properties:
AlarmDescription: The average volume of traffic is greater 3500 KB over 10 minutes
MetricName: testBytesTransferred
Namespace: test/BytesTransferred
Statistic: Average
Period: '300'
EvaluationPeriods: '2'
Threshold: '3500'
AlarmActions:
- !Ref AlarmNotificationTopic
ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanThreshold
AlarmNotificationTopic:
Type: AWS::SNS::Topic
Properties:
Subscription:
- Endpoint: !Ref OperatorEmail
Protocol: email
Outputs:
InstanceId:
Description: The instance ID of the web server
Value: !Ref WebServerHost
WebsiteURL:
Value: !Sub 'http://${WebServerHost.PublicDnsName}'
Description: URL for the web server
PublicIP:
Description: Public IP address of the web server
Value: !GetAtt WebServerHost.PublicIp
CloudWatchLogGroupName:
Description: The name of the CloudWatch log group
Value: !Ref WebServerLogGroup
```
## Windows 인스턴스에서 CloudWatch Logs로 로그 전송
다음 템플릿은 Windows 2012R2 인스턴스에 대한 CloudWatch Logs를 구성합니다.
Windows의 CloudWatch Logs 에이전트(Windows 2012R2 및 Windows 2016 AMI의 SSM 에이전트)는 시작된 후에만 로그를 전송하므로 스타트업 전에 생성된 모든 로그는 전송되지 않습니다. 이를 해결하기 위해 템플릿은 로그를 작성하기 전에 에이전트가 시작되도록 합니다.
+ cfn-init `config`의 첫 번째 `configSets` 항목으로 에이전트 설정을 구성합니다.
+ `waitAfterCompletion`을 사용하여 에이전트를 시작하는 명령 뒤에 일시 중지를 삽입합니다.
### JSON
```
{
"AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
"Description": "Sample template that sets up and configures CloudWatch Logs on Windows 2012R2 instance.",
"Parameters": {
"KeyPair": {
"Description": "Name of an existing EC2 KeyPair to enable RDP access to the instances",
"Type": "AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName",
"ConstraintDescription": "must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair."
},
"RDPLocation": {
"Description": "The IP address range that can be used to RDP to the EC2 instances",
"Type": "String",
"MinLength": "9",
"MaxLength": "18",
"Default": "0.0.0.0/0",
"AllowedPattern": "(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})/(\\d{1,2})",
"ConstraintDescription": "must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x."
},
"OperatorEmail": {
"Description": "Email address to notify when CloudWatch alarms are triggered (404 errors)",
"Type": "String"
}
},
"Resources": {
"WebServerSecurityGroup": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
"Properties": {
"GroupDescription": "Enable HTTP access via port 80 and RDP access via port 3389",
"SecurityGroupIngress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"FromPort": "80",
"ToPort": "80",
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
},
{
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"FromPort": "3389",
"ToPort": "3389",
"CidrIp": {"Ref": "RDPLocation"}
}
]
}
},
"LogRole": {
"Type": "AWS::IAM::Role",
"Properties": {
"AssumeRolePolicyDocument": {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Principal": {
"Service": [
"ec2.amazonaws.com"
]
},
"Action": [
"sts:AssumeRole"
]
}
]
},
"ManagedPolicyArns": [
"arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore"
],
"Path": "/",
"Policies": [
{
"PolicyName": "LogRolePolicy",
"PolicyDocument": {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"logs:Create*",
"logs:PutLogEvents",
"s3:GetObject"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:logs:*:*:*",
"arn:aws:s3:::*"
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
},
"LogRoleInstanceProfile": {
"Type": "AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile",
"Properties": {
"Path": "/",
"Roles": [{"Ref": "LogRole"}]
}
},
"WebServerHost": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
"CreationPolicy": {
"ResourceSignal": {
"Timeout": "PT15M"
}
},
"Metadata": {
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init": {
"configSets": {
"config": [
"00-ConfigureCWLogs",
"01-InstallWebServer",
"02-ConfigureApplication",
"03-Finalize"
]
},
"00-ConfigureCWLogs": {
"files": {
"C:\\Program Files\\Amazon\\SSM\\Plugins\\awsCloudWatch\\AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.json": {
"content": {
"EngineConfiguration": {
"Components": [
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.EventLog.EventLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "ApplicationEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"Levels": "7",
"LogName": "Application"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.EventLog.EventLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "SystemEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"Levels": "7",
"LogName": "System"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.EventLog.EventLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "SecurityEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"Levels": "7",
"LogName": "Security"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CustomLog.CustomLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "EC2ConfigLog",
"Parameters": {
"CultureName": "en-US",
"Encoding": "ASCII",
"Filter": "EC2ConfigLog.txt",
"LogDirectoryPath": "C:\\Program Files\\Amazon\\Ec2ConfigService\\Logs",
"TimeZoneKind": "UTC",
"TimestampFormat": "yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffZ:"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CustomLog.CustomLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CfnInitLog",
"Parameters": {
"CultureName": "en-US",
"Encoding": "ASCII",
"Filter": "cfn-init.log",
"LogDirectoryPath": "C:\\cfn\\log",
"TimeZoneKind": "Local",
"TimestampFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,fff"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CustomLog.CustomLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "IISLogs",
"Parameters": {
"CultureName": "en-US",
"Encoding": "UTF-8",
"Filter": "",
"LineCount": "3",
"LogDirectoryPath": "C:\\inetpub\\logs\\LogFiles\\W3SVC1",
"TimeZoneKind": "UTC",
"TimestampFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.PerformanceCounterComponent.PerformanceCounterInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "MemoryPerformanceCounter",
"Parameters": {
"CategoryName": "Memory",
"CounterName": "Available MBytes",
"DimensionName": "",
"DimensionValue": "",
"InstanceName": "",
"MetricName": "Memory",
"Unit": "Megabytes"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchApplicationEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": {"Ref": "LogGroup"},
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/ApplicationEventLog",
"Region": {"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchSystemEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": {"Ref": "LogGroup"},
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/SystemEventLog",
"Region": {"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchSecurityEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": {"Ref": "LogGroup"},
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/SecurityEventLog",
"Region": {"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchEC2ConfigLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": {"Ref": "LogGroup"},
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/EC2ConfigLog",
"Region": {"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchCfnInitLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": {"Ref": "LogGroup"},
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/CfnInitLog",
"Region": {"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchIISLogs",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": {"Ref": "LogGroup"},
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/IISLogs",
"Region": {"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatch.CloudWatchOutputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatch",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"NameSpace": "Windows/Default",
"Region": {"Ref": "AWS::Region"},
"SecretKey": ""
}
}
],
"Flows": {
"Flows": [
"ApplicationEventLog,CloudWatchApplicationEventLog",
"SystemEventLog,CloudWatchSystemEventLog",
"SecurityEventLog,CloudWatchSecurityEventLog",
"EC2ConfigLog,CloudWatchEC2ConfigLog",
"CfnInitLog,CloudWatchCfnInitLog",
"IISLogs,CloudWatchIISLogs",
"MemoryPerformanceCounter,CloudWatch"
]
},
"PollInterval": "00:00:05"
},
"IsEnabled": true
}
}
},
"commands": {
"0-enableSSM": {
"command": "powershell.exe -Command \"Set-Service -Name AmazonSSMAgent -StartupType Automatic\" ",
"waitAfterCompletion": "0"
},
"1-restartSSM": {
"command": "powershell.exe -Command \"Restart-Service AmazonSSMAgent \"",
"waitAfterCompletion": "30"
}
}
},
"01-InstallWebServer": {
"commands": {
"01_install_webserver": {
"command": "powershell.exe -Command \"Install-WindowsFeature Web-Server -IncludeAllSubFeature\"",
"waitAfterCompletion": "0"
}
}
},
"02-ConfigureApplication": {
"files": {
"c:\\Inetpub\\wwwroot\\index.htm": {
"content": " Test Application Page Congratulations!! Your IIS server is configured.
"
}
}
},
"03-Finalize": {
"commands": {
"00_signal_success": {
"command": {
"Fn::Sub": "cfn-signal.exe -e 0 --resource WebServerHost --stack ${AWS::StackName} --region ${AWS::Region}"
},
"waitAfterCompletion": "0"
}
}
}
}
},
"Properties": {
"KeyName": {
"Ref": "KeyPair"
},
"ImageId": "{{resolve:ssm:/aws/service/ami-windows-latest/Windows_Server-2012-R2_RTM-English-64Bit-Base}}",
"InstanceType": "t2.xlarge",
"SecurityGroupIds": [{"Ref": "WebServerSecurityGroup"}],
"IamInstanceProfile": {"Ref": "LogRoleInstanceProfile"},
"UserData": {
"Fn::Base64": {
"Fn::Join": [
"",
[
"\n"
]
]
}
}
}
},
"LogGroup": {
"Type": "AWS::Logs::LogGroup",
"Properties": {
"RetentionInDays": 7
}
},
"404MetricFilter": {
"Type": "AWS::Logs::MetricFilter",
"Properties": {
"LogGroupName": {"Ref": "LogGroup"},
"FilterPattern": "[timestamps, serverip, method, uri, query, port, dash, clientip, useragent, status_code = 404, ...]",
"MetricTransformations": [
{
"MetricValue": "1",
"MetricNamespace": "test/404s",
"MetricName": "test404Count"
}
]
}
},
"404Alarm": {
"Type": "AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm",
"Properties": {
"AlarmDescription": "The number of 404s is greater than 2 over 2 minutes",
"MetricName": "test404Count",
"Namespace": "test/404s",
"Statistic": "Sum",
"Period": "60",
"EvaluationPeriods": "2",
"Threshold": "2",
"AlarmActions": [{"Ref": "AlarmNotificationTopic"}],
"ComparisonOperator": "GreaterThanThreshold"
}
},
"AlarmNotificationTopic": {
"Type": "AWS::SNS::Topic",
"Properties": {
"Subscription": [{"Endpoint": {"Ref": "OperatorEmail"}, "Protocol": "email"}]
}
}
},
"Outputs": {
"InstanceId": {
"Description": "The instance ID of the web server",
"Value": {"Ref": "WebServerHost"}
},
"WebsiteURL": {
"Value": {"Fn::Sub": "http://${WebServerHost.PublicDnsName}"},
"Description": "URL for the web server"
},
"PublicIP": {
"Description": "Public IP address of the web server",
"Value": {"Fn::GetAtt": ["WebServerHost","PublicIp"]}
},
"CloudWatchLogGroupName": {
"Description": "The name of the CloudWatch log group",
"Value": {"Ref": "LogGroup"}
}
}
}
```
### YAML
```
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: >-
Sample template that sets up and configures CloudWatch Logs on Windows 2012R2 instance.
Parameters:
KeyPair:
Description: Name of an existing EC2 KeyPair to enable RDP access to the instances
Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName
ConstraintDescription: must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair.
RDPLocation:
Description: The IP address range that can be used to RDP to the EC2 instances
Type: String
MinLength: '9'
MaxLength: '18'
Default: 0.0.0.0/0
AllowedPattern: '(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})/(\d{1,2})'
ConstraintDescription: must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x.
OperatorEmail:
Description: Email address to notify when CloudWatch alarms are triggered (404 errors)
Type: String
Resources:
WebServerSecurityGroup:
Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
Properties:
GroupDescription: Enable HTTP access via port 80 and RDP access via port 3389
SecurityGroupIngress:
- IpProtocol: tcp
FromPort: '80'
ToPort: '80'
CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0
- IpProtocol: tcp
FromPort: '3389'
ToPort: '3389'
CidrIp: !Ref RDPLocation
LogRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Version: 2012-10-17
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service:
- ec2.amazonaws.com
Action:
- 'sts:AssumeRole'
ManagedPolicyArns:
- 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore'
Path: /
Policies:
- PolicyName: LogRolePolicy
PolicyDocument:
Version: 2012-10-17
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action:
- 'logs:Create*'
- 'logs:PutLogEvents'
- 's3:GetObject'
Resource:
- 'arn:aws:logs:*:*:*'
- 'arn:aws:s3:::*'
LogRoleInstanceProfile:
Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile
Properties:
Path: /
Roles:
- !Ref LogRole
WebServerHost:
Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
CreationPolicy:
ResourceSignal:
Timeout: PT15M
Metadata:
'AWS::CloudFormation::Init':
configSets:
config:
- 00-ConfigureCWLogs
- 01-InstallWebServer
- 02-ConfigureApplication
- 03-Finalize
00-ConfigureCWLogs:
files:
'C:\Program Files\Amazon\SSM\Plugins\awsCloudWatch\AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.json':
content: !Sub |
{
"EngineConfiguration": {
"Components": [
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.EventLog.EventLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "ApplicationEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"Levels": "7",
"LogName": "Application"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.EventLog.EventLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "SystemEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"Levels": "7",
"LogName": "System"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.EventLog.EventLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "SecurityEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"Levels": "7",
"LogName": "Security"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CustomLog.CustomLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "EC2ConfigLog",
"Parameters": {
"CultureName": "en-US",
"Encoding": "ASCII",
"Filter": "EC2ConfigLog.txt",
"LogDirectoryPath": "C:\\Program Files\\Amazon\\Ec2ConfigService\\Logs",
"TimeZoneKind": "UTC",
"TimestampFormat": "yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffZ:"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CustomLog.CustomLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CfnInitLog",
"Parameters": {
"CultureName": "en-US",
"Encoding": "ASCII",
"Filter": "cfn-init.log",
"LogDirectoryPath": "C:\\cfn\\log",
"TimeZoneKind": "Local",
"TimestampFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,fff"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CustomLog.CustomLogInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "IISLogs",
"Parameters": {
"CultureName": "en-US",
"Encoding": "UTF-8",
"Filter": "",
"LineCount": "3",
"LogDirectoryPath": "C:\\inetpub\\logs\\LogFiles\\W3SVC1",
"TimeZoneKind": "UTC",
"TimestampFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.PerformanceCounterComponent.PerformanceCounterInputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "MemoryPerformanceCounter",
"Parameters": {
"CategoryName": "Memory",
"CounterName": "Available MBytes",
"DimensionName": "",
"DimensionValue": "",
"InstanceName": "",
"MetricName": "Memory",
"Unit": "Megabytes"
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchApplicationEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": "${LogGroup}",
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/ApplicationEventLog",
"Region": "${AWS::Region}",
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchSystemEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": "${LogGroup}",
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/SystemEventLog",
"Region": "${AWS::Region}",
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchSecurityEventLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": "${LogGroup}",
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/SecurityEventLog",
"Region": "${AWS::Region}",
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchEC2ConfigLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": "${LogGroup}",
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/EC2ConfigLog",
"Region": "${AWS::Region}",
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchCfnInitLog",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": "${LogGroup}",
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/CfnInitLog",
"Region": "${AWS::Region}",
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatchLogsOutput,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatchIISLogs",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"LogGroup": "${LogGroup}",
"LogStream": "{instance_id}/IISLogs",
"Region": "${AWS::Region}",
"SecretKey": ""
}
},
{
"FullName": "AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch.CloudWatch.CloudWatchOutputComponent,AWS.EC2.Windows.CloudWatch",
"Id": "CloudWatch",
"Parameters": {
"AccessKey": "",
"NameSpace": "Windows/Default",
"Region": "${AWS::Region}",
"SecretKey": ""
}
}
],
"Flows": {
"Flows": [
"ApplicationEventLog,CloudWatchApplicationEventLog",
"SystemEventLog,CloudWatchSystemEventLog",
"SecurityEventLog,CloudWatchSecurityEventLog",
"EC2ConfigLog,CloudWatchEC2ConfigLog",
"CfnInitLog,CloudWatchCfnInitLog",
"IISLogs,CloudWatchIISLogs",
"MemoryPerformanceCounter,CloudWatch"
]
},
"PollInterval": "00:00:05"
},
"IsEnabled": true
}
commands:
0-enableSSM:
command: >-
powershell.exe -Command "Set-Service -Name AmazonSSMAgent
-StartupType Automatic"
waitAfterCompletion: '0'
1-restartSSM:
command: powershell.exe -Command "Restart-Service AmazonSSMAgent "
waitAfterCompletion: '30'
01-InstallWebServer:
commands:
01_install_webserver:
command: >-
powershell.exe -Command "Install-WindowsFeature Web-Server
-IncludeAllSubFeature"
waitAfterCompletion: '0'
02-ConfigureApplication:
files:
'c:\Inetpub\wwwroot\index.htm':
content: >-
Test Application Page
Congratulations !! Your IIS server is
configured.
03-Finalize:
commands:
00_signal_success:
command: !Sub >-
cfn-signal.exe -e 0 --resource WebServerHost --stack
${AWS::StackName} --region ${AWS::Region}
waitAfterCompletion: '0'
Properties:
KeyName: !Ref KeyPair
ImageId: "{{resolve:ssm:/aws/service/ami-windows-latest/Windows_Server-2012-R2_RTM-English-64Bit-Base}}"
InstanceType: t2.xlarge
SecurityGroupIds:
- !Ref WebServerSecurityGroup
IamInstanceProfile: !Ref LogRoleInstanceProfile
UserData: !Base64
'Fn::Sub': >
LogGroup:
Type: AWS::Logs::LogGroup
Properties:
RetentionInDays: 7
404MetricFilter:
Type: AWS::Logs::MetricFilter
Properties:
LogGroupName: !Ref LogGroup
FilterPattern: >-
[timestamps, serverip, method, uri, query, port, dash, clientip,
useragent, status_code = 404, ...]
MetricTransformations:
- MetricValue: '1'
MetricNamespace: test/404s
MetricName: test404Count
404Alarm:
Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
Properties:
AlarmDescription: The number of 404s is greater than 2 over 2 minutes
MetricName: test404Count
Namespace: test/404s
Statistic: Sum
Period: '60'
EvaluationPeriods: '2'
Threshold: '2'
AlarmActions:
- !Ref AlarmNotificationTopic
ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanThreshold
AlarmNotificationTopic:
Type: AWS::SNS::Topic
Properties:
Subscription:
- Endpoint: !Ref OperatorEmail
Protocol: email
Outputs:
InstanceId:
Description: The instance ID of the web server
Value: !Ref WebServerHost
WebsiteURL:
Value: !Sub 'http://${WebServerHost.PublicDnsName}'
Description: URL for the web server
PublicIP:
Description: Public IP address of the web server
Value: !GetAtt
- WebServerHost
- PublicIp
CloudWatchLogGroupName:
Description: The name of the CloudWatch log group
Value: !Ref LogGroup
```
## 다음 사항도 참조하세요.
CloudWatch Logs 리소스에 대한 자세한 내용을 알아보려면 [AWS::Logs::LogGroup](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/TemplateReference/aws-resource-logs-loggroup.html) 또는 [AWS::Logs::MetricFilter](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/TemplateReference/aws-resource-logs-metricfilter.html)를 참조하세요.