AWS 문서 AWS SDK SDK 예제
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CloudWatch 파이썬에서 사용하는 SDK 예제 (보토3)
다음 코드 예제는 with를 사용하여 작업을 수행하고 일반적인 시나리오를 구현하는 방법을 보여줍니다 CloudWatch. AWS SDK for Python (Boto3)
작업은 대규모 프로그램에서 발췌한 코드이며 컨텍스트에 맞춰 실행해야 합니다. 작업은 개별 서비스 함수를 호출하는 방법을 보여 주며 관련 시나리오와 교차 서비스 예시에서 컨텍스트에 맞는 작업을 볼 수 있습니다.
시나리오는 동일한 서비스 내에서 여러 함수를 호출하여 특정 태스크를 수행하는 방법을 보여주는 코드 예시입니다.
각 예제에는 컨텍스트에서 코드를 설정하고 실행하는 방법에 대한 지침을 찾을 수 있는 링크가 포함되어 있습니다. GitHub
작업
다음 코드 예시에서는 DeleteAlarms
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
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참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def delete_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name): """ Deletes all of the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric. :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param metric_name: The name of the metric. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name) metric.alarms.delete() logger.info( "Deleted alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name ) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't delete alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name, ) raise
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 DeleteAlarms.
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다음 코드 예시에서는 DescribeAlarmsForMetric
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
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참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def get_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name): """ Gets the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric. :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param metric_name: The name of the metric. :returns: An iterator that yields the alarms. """ metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name) alarm_iter = metric.alarms.all() logger.info("Got alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name) return alarm_iter
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 DescribeAlarmsForMetric.
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다음 코드 예시에서는 DisableAlarmActions
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
-
참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def enable_alarm_actions(self, alarm_name, enable): """ Enables or disables actions on the specified alarm. Alarm actions can be used to send notifications or automate responses when an alarm enters a particular state. :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm. :param enable: When True, actions are enabled for the alarm. Otherwise, they disabled. """ try: alarm = self.cloudwatch_resource.Alarm(alarm_name) if enable: alarm.enable_actions() else: alarm.disable_actions() logger.info( "%s actions for alarm %s.", "Enabled" if enable else "Disabled", alarm_name, ) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't %s actions alarm %s.", "enable" if enable else "disable", alarm_name, ) raise
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 DisableAlarmActions.
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다음 코드 예시에서는 EnableAlarmActions
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
-
참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def enable_alarm_actions(self, alarm_name, enable): """ Enables or disables actions on the specified alarm. Alarm actions can be used to send notifications or automate responses when an alarm enters a particular state. :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm. :param enable: When True, actions are enabled for the alarm. Otherwise, they disabled. """ try: alarm = self.cloudwatch_resource.Alarm(alarm_name) if enable: alarm.enable_actions() else: alarm.disable_actions() logger.info( "%s actions for alarm %s.", "Enabled" if enable else "Disabled", alarm_name, ) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't %s actions alarm %s.", "enable" if enable else "disable", alarm_name, ) raise
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 EnableAlarmActions.
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다음 코드 예시에서는 GetMetricStatistics
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
-
참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def get_metric_statistics(self, namespace, name, start, end, period, stat_types): """ Gets statistics for a metric within a specified time span. Metrics are grouped into the specified period. :param namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param name: The name of the metric. :param start: The UTC start time of the time span to retrieve. :param end: The UTC end time of the time span to retrieve. :param period: The period, in seconds, in which to group metrics. The period must match the granularity of the metric, which depends on the metric's age. For example, metrics that are older than three hours have a one-minute granularity, so the period must be at least 60 and must be a multiple of 60. :param stat_types: The type of statistics to retrieve, such as average value or maximum value. :return: The retrieved statistics for the metric. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name) stats = metric.get_statistics( StartTime=start, EndTime=end, Period=period, Statistics=stat_types ) logger.info( "Got %s statistics for %s.", len(stats["Datapoints"]), stats["Label"] ) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't get statistics for %s.%s.", namespace, name) raise else: return stats
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 GetMetricStatistics.
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다음 코드 예시에서는 ListMetrics
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
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참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def list_metrics(self, namespace, name, recent=False): """ Gets the metrics within a namespace that have the specified name. If the metric has no dimensions, a single metric is returned. Otherwise, metrics for all dimensions are returned. :param namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param name: The name of the metric. :param recent: When True, only metrics that have been active in the last three hours are returned. :return: An iterator that yields the retrieved metrics. """ try: kwargs = {"Namespace": namespace, "MetricName": name} if recent: kwargs["RecentlyActive"] = "PT3H" # List past 3 hours only metric_iter = self.cloudwatch_resource.metrics.filter(**kwargs) logger.info("Got metrics for %s.%s.", namespace, name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't get metrics for %s.%s.", namespace, name) raise else: return metric_iter
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 ListMetrics.
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다음 코드 예시에서는 PutMetricAlarm
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
-
참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def create_metric_alarm( self, metric_namespace, metric_name, alarm_name, stat_type, period, eval_periods, threshold, comparison_op, ): """ Creates an alarm that watches a metric. :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param metric_name: The name of the metric. :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm. :param stat_type: The type of statistic the alarm watches. :param period: The period in which metric data are grouped to calculate statistics. :param eval_periods: The number of periods that the metric must be over the alarm threshold before the alarm is set into an alarmed state. :param threshold: The threshold value to compare against the metric statistic. :param comparison_op: The comparison operation used to compare the threshold against the metric. :return: The newly created alarm. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name) alarm = metric.put_alarm( AlarmName=alarm_name, Statistic=stat_type, Period=period, EvaluationPeriods=eval_periods, Threshold=threshold, ComparisonOperator=comparison_op, ) logger.info( "Added alarm %s to track metric %s.%s.", alarm_name, metric_namespace, metric_name, ) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't add alarm %s to metric %s.%s", alarm_name, metric_namespace, metric_name, ) raise else: return alarm
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 PutMetricAlarm.
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다음 코드 예시에서는 PutMetricData
을 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
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참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def put_metric_data(self, namespace, name, value, unit): """ Sends a single data value to CloudWatch for a metric. This metric is given a timestamp of the current UTC time. :param namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param name: The name of the metric. :param value: The value of the metric. :param unit: The unit of the metric. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name) metric.put_data( Namespace=namespace, MetricData=[{"MetricName": name, "Value": value, "Unit": unit}], ) logger.info("Put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name) raise
일련의 데이터를 CloudWatch 지표에 넣으세요.
class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def put_metric_data_set(self, namespace, name, timestamp, unit, data_set): """ Sends a set of data to CloudWatch for a metric. All of the data in the set have the same timestamp and unit. :param namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param name: The name of the metric. :param timestamp: The UTC timestamp for the metric. :param unit: The unit of the metric. :param data_set: The set of data to send. This set is a dictionary that contains a list of values and a list of corresponding counts. The value and count lists must be the same length. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name) metric.put_data( Namespace=namespace, MetricData=[ { "MetricName": name, "Timestamp": timestamp, "Values": data_set["values"], "Counts": data_set["counts"], "Unit": unit, } ], ) logger.info("Put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name) raise
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조를 참조하십시오 PutMetricData.
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시나리오
다음 코드 예시는 다음과 같은 작업을 수행하는 방법을 보여줍니다.
측정치를 감시하기 위한 경보를 만드세요. CloudWatch
데이터를 지표에 입력하고 경보를 트리거합니다.
경보에서 데이터를 가져옵니다.
경보를 삭제합니다.
- SDK파이썬용 (보토3)
-
참고
더 많은 정보가 있습니다. GitHub AWS 코드 예시 리포지토리
에서 전체 예시를 찾고 설정 및 실행하는 방법을 배워보세요. CloudWatch 작업을 래핑하는 클래스를 만드세요.
from datetime import datetime, timedelta import logging from pprint import pprint import random import time import boto3 from botocore.exceptions import ClientError logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) class CloudWatchWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions.""" def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource): """ :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource. """ self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource def put_metric_data_set(self, namespace, name, timestamp, unit, data_set): """ Sends a set of data to CloudWatch for a metric. All of the data in the set have the same timestamp and unit. :param namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param name: The name of the metric. :param timestamp: The UTC timestamp for the metric. :param unit: The unit of the metric. :param data_set: The set of data to send. This set is a dictionary that contains a list of values and a list of corresponding counts. The value and count lists must be the same length. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name) metric.put_data( Namespace=namespace, MetricData=[ { "MetricName": name, "Timestamp": timestamp, "Values": data_set["values"], "Counts": data_set["counts"], "Unit": unit, } ], ) logger.info("Put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name) raise def create_metric_alarm( self, metric_namespace, metric_name, alarm_name, stat_type, period, eval_periods, threshold, comparison_op, ): """ Creates an alarm that watches a metric. :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param metric_name: The name of the metric. :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm. :param stat_type: The type of statistic the alarm watches. :param period: The period in which metric data are grouped to calculate statistics. :param eval_periods: The number of periods that the metric must be over the alarm threshold before the alarm is set into an alarmed state. :param threshold: The threshold value to compare against the metric statistic. :param comparison_op: The comparison operation used to compare the threshold against the metric. :return: The newly created alarm. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name) alarm = metric.put_alarm( AlarmName=alarm_name, Statistic=stat_type, Period=period, EvaluationPeriods=eval_periods, Threshold=threshold, ComparisonOperator=comparison_op, ) logger.info( "Added alarm %s to track metric %s.%s.", alarm_name, metric_namespace, metric_name, ) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't add alarm %s to metric %s.%s", alarm_name, metric_namespace, metric_name, ) raise else: return alarm def put_metric_data(self, namespace, name, value, unit): """ Sends a single data value to CloudWatch for a metric. This metric is given a timestamp of the current UTC time. :param namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param name: The name of the metric. :param value: The value of the metric. :param unit: The unit of the metric. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name) metric.put_data( Namespace=namespace, MetricData=[{"MetricName": name, "Value": value, "Unit": unit}], ) logger.info("Put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name) raise def get_metric_statistics(self, namespace, name, start, end, period, stat_types): """ Gets statistics for a metric within a specified time span. Metrics are grouped into the specified period. :param namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param name: The name of the metric. :param start: The UTC start time of the time span to retrieve. :param end: The UTC end time of the time span to retrieve. :param period: The period, in seconds, in which to group metrics. The period must match the granularity of the metric, which depends on the metric's age. For example, metrics that are older than three hours have a one-minute granularity, so the period must be at least 60 and must be a multiple of 60. :param stat_types: The type of statistics to retrieve, such as average value or maximum value. :return: The retrieved statistics for the metric. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name) stats = metric.get_statistics( StartTime=start, EndTime=end, Period=period, Statistics=stat_types ) logger.info( "Got %s statistics for %s.", len(stats["Datapoints"]), stats["Label"] ) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't get statistics for %s.%s.", namespace, name) raise else: return stats def get_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name): """ Gets the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric. :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param metric_name: The name of the metric. :returns: An iterator that yields the alarms. """ metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name) alarm_iter = metric.alarms.all() logger.info("Got alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name) return alarm_iter def delete_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name): """ Deletes all of the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric. :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric. :param metric_name: The name of the metric. """ try: metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name) metric.alarms.delete() logger.info( "Deleted alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name ) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't delete alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name, ) raise
래퍼 클래스를 사용하여 데이터를 지표에 넣고, 지표를 감시하는 경보를 트리거하고, 경보에서 데이터를 가져옵니다.
def usage_demo(): print("-" * 88) print("Welcome to the Amazon CloudWatch metrics and alarms demo!") print("-" * 88) logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s") cw_wrapper = CloudWatchWrapper(boto3.resource("cloudwatch")) minutes = 20 metric_namespace = "doc-example-metric" metric_name = "page_views" start = datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(minutes=minutes) print( f"Putting data into metric {metric_namespace}.{metric_name} spanning the " f"last {minutes} minutes." ) for offset in range(0, minutes): stamp = start + timedelta(minutes=offset) cw_wrapper.put_metric_data_set( metric_namespace, metric_name, stamp, "Count", { "values": [ random.randint(bound, bound * 2) for bound in range(offset + 1, offset + 11) ], "counts": [random.randint(1, offset + 1) for _ in range(10)], }, ) alarm_name = "high_page_views" period = 60 eval_periods = 2 print(f"Creating alarm {alarm_name} for metric {metric_name}.") alarm = cw_wrapper.create_metric_alarm( metric_namespace, metric_name, alarm_name, "Maximum", period, eval_periods, 100, "GreaterThanThreshold", ) print(f"Alarm ARN is {alarm.alarm_arn}.") print(f"Current alarm state is: {alarm.state_value}.") print( f"Sending data to trigger the alarm. This requires data over the threshold " f"for {eval_periods} periods of {period} seconds each." ) while alarm.state_value == "INSUFFICIENT_DATA": print("Sending data for the metric.") cw_wrapper.put_metric_data( metric_namespace, metric_name, random.randint(100, 200), "Count" ) alarm.load() print(f"Current alarm state is: {alarm.state_value}.") if alarm.state_value == "INSUFFICIENT_DATA": print(f"Waiting for {period} seconds...") time.sleep(period) else: print("Wait for a minute for eventual consistency of metric data.") time.sleep(period) if alarm.state_value == "OK": alarm.load() print(f"Current alarm state is: {alarm.state_value}.") print( f"Getting data for metric {metric_namespace}.{metric_name} during timespan " f"of {start} to {datetime.utcnow()} (times are UTC)." ) stats = cw_wrapper.get_metric_statistics( metric_namespace, metric_name, start, datetime.utcnow(), 60, ["Average", "Minimum", "Maximum"], ) print( f"Got {len(stats['Datapoints'])} data points for metric " f"{metric_namespace}.{metric_name}." ) pprint(sorted(stats["Datapoints"], key=lambda x: x["Timestamp"])) print(f"Getting alarms for metric {metric_name}.") alarms = cw_wrapper.get_metric_alarms(metric_namespace, metric_name) for alarm in alarms: print(f"Alarm {alarm.name} is currently in state {alarm.state_value}.") print(f"Deleting alarms for metric {metric_name}.") cw_wrapper.delete_metric_alarms(metric_namespace, metric_name) print("Thanks for watching!") print("-" * 88)
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자세한 API AWS SDK내용은 Python (Boto3) API 참조의 다음 항목을 참조하십시오.
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