Permission denied errors in Amazon CloudWatch Logs
Symptom: Logs show
AccessDeniedor 403 errors.Causes: Service-role IAM policy modified; destination bucket policy or KMS key policy denying access; trust policy no longer allows the Kafka service to assume the role.
Resolution: Compare the current policy against the required policy; check recent bucket-policy changes via CloudTrail; verify the trust policy still includes
kafka.amazonaws.com; if using KMS, verify the key policy grants the role access.