Detecting faces in an image
Amazon Rekognition Image provides the DetectFaces operation that looks for key facial
features such as eyes, nose, and mouth to detect faces in an input image. Amazon Rekognition Image detects the 100 largest faces in an image.
You can provide the input image as an image byte array (base64-encoded image
bytes), or specify an Amazon S3 object. In this procedure, you upload an image (JPEG or PNG)
to your S3 bucket and specify the object key name.
To detect faces in an image
If you haven't already:
Create or update an IAM user with AmazonRekognitionFullAccess and
AmazonS3ReadOnlyAccess permissions. For more
information, see Step 1: Set up an AWS account and create an IAM
user.
Install and configure the AWS CLI and the AWS SDKs. For more information, see
Step 2: Set up the AWS CLI and AWS SDKs.
-
Upload an image (that contains one or more faces) to your S3 bucket.
For instructions, see Uploading Objects into Amazon S3 in the Amazon Simple Storage Service User Guide.
Use the following examples to call DetectFaces.
- Java
This example displays the estimated age range for detected faces, and lists the JSON for all
detected facial attributes. Change the value of photo
to the image file name. Change the value of bucket to
the Amazon S3 bucket where the image is stored.
//Copyright 2018 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
//PDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0 (For details, see https://github.com/awsdocs/amazon-rekognition-developer-guide/blob/master/LICENSE-SAMPLECODE.)
package aws.example.rekognition.image;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.AmazonRekognition;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.AmazonRekognitionClientBuilder;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.AmazonRekognitionException;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.Image;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.S3Object;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.AgeRange;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.Attribute;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.DetectFacesRequest;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.DetectFacesResult;
import com.amazonaws.services.rekognition.model.FaceDetail;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import java.util.List;
public class DetectFaces {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String photo = "input.jpg";
String bucket = "bucket";
AmazonRekognition rekognitionClient = AmazonRekognitionClientBuilder.defaultClient();
DetectFacesRequest request = new DetectFacesRequest()
.withImage(new Image()
.withS3Object(new S3Object()
.withName(photo)
.withBucket(bucket)))
.withAttributes(Attribute.ALL);
// Replace Attribute.ALL with Attribute.DEFAULT to get default values.
try {
DetectFacesResult result = rekognitionClient.detectFaces(request);
List < FaceDetail > faceDetails = result.getFaceDetails();
for (FaceDetail face: faceDetails) {
if (request.getAttributes().contains("ALL")) {
AgeRange ageRange = face.getAgeRange();
System.out.println("The detected face is estimated to be between "
+ ageRange.getLow().toString() + " and " + ageRange.getHigh().toString()
+ " years old.");
System.out.println("Here's the complete set of attributes:");
} else { // non-default attributes have null values.
System.out.println("Here's the default set of attributes:");
}
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
System.out.println(objectMapper.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(face));
}
} catch (AmazonRekognitionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
- Java V2
-
This code is taken from the AWS Documentation SDK examples GitHub repository. See the full example
here.
public static void detectFacesinImage(RekognitionClient rekClient,String sourceImage ) {
try {
InputStream sourceStream = new FileInputStream(sourceImage);
SdkBytes sourceBytes = SdkBytes.fromInputStream(sourceStream);
// Create an Image object for the source image.
Image souImage = Image.builder()
.bytes(sourceBytes)
.build();
DetectFacesRequest facesRequest = DetectFacesRequest.builder()
.attributes(Attribute.ALL)
.image(souImage)
.build();
DetectFacesResponse facesResponse = rekClient.detectFaces(facesRequest);
List<FaceDetail> faceDetails = facesResponse.faceDetails();
for (FaceDetail face : faceDetails) {
AgeRange ageRange = face.ageRange();
System.out.println("The detected face is estimated to be between "
+ ageRange.low().toString() + " and " + ageRange.high().toString()
+ " years old.");
System.out.println("There is a smile : "+face.smile().value().toString());
}
} catch (RekognitionException | FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
}
- AWS CLI
-
This example displays the JSON output from the
detect-faces AWS CLI operation. Replace
file with the name of an image file. Replace
bucket with the name of the Amazon S3 bucket that
contains the image file.
aws rekognition detect-faces \
--image '{"S3Object":{"Bucket":"bucket","Name":"file"}}' \
--attributes "ALL"
- Python
This example displays the estimated age range and other attributes for detected faces, and lists the JSON for all
detected facial attributes. Change the value of photo
to the image file name. Change the value of bucket to
the Amazon S3 bucket where the image is stored.
#Copyright 2018 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
#PDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0 (For details, see https://github.com/awsdocs/amazon-rekognition-developer-guide/blob/master/LICENSE-SAMPLECODE.)
import boto3
import json
def detect_faces(photo, bucket):
client=boto3.client('rekognition')
response = client.detect_faces(Image={'S3Object':{'Bucket':bucket,'Name':photo}},Attributes=['ALL'])
print('Detected faces for ' + photo)
for faceDetail in response['FaceDetails']:
print('The detected face is between ' + str(faceDetail['AgeRange']['Low'])
+ ' and ' + str(faceDetail['AgeRange']['High']) + ' years old')
print('Here are the other attributes:')
print(json.dumps(faceDetail, indent=4, sort_keys=True))
# Access predictions for individual face details and print them
print("Gender: " + str(faceDetail['Gender']))
print("Smile: " + str(faceDetail['Smile']))
print("Eyeglasses: " + str(faceDetail['Eyeglasses']))
print("Emotions: " + str(faceDetail['Emotions'][0]))
return len(response['FaceDetails'])
def main():
photo='photo'
bucket='bucket'
face_count=detect_faces(photo, bucket)
print("Faces detected: " + str(face_count))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
- .NET
This example displays the estimated age range for detected faces, and lists the JSON for all
detected facial attributes. Change the value of photo
to the image file name. Change the value of bucket to
the Amazon S3 bucket where the image is stored.
//Copyright 2018 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
//PDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0 (For details, see https://github.com/awsdocs/amazon-rekognition-developer-guide/blob/master/LICENSE-SAMPLECODE.)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.Rekognition;
using Amazon.Rekognition.Model;
public class DetectFaces
{
public static void Example()
{
String photo = "input.jpg";
String bucket = "bucket";
AmazonRekognitionClient rekognitionClient = new AmazonRekognitionClient();
DetectFacesRequest detectFacesRequest = new DetectFacesRequest()
{
Image = new Image()
{
S3Object = new S3Object()
{
Name = photo,
Bucket = bucket
},
},
// Attributes can be "ALL" or "DEFAULT".
// "DEFAULT": BoundingBox, Confidence, Landmarks, Pose, and Quality.
// "ALL": See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/Rekognition/TFaceDetail.html
Attributes = new List<String>() { "ALL" }
};
try
{
DetectFacesResponse detectFacesResponse = rekognitionClient.DetectFaces(detectFacesRequest);
bool hasAll = detectFacesRequest.Attributes.Contains("ALL");
foreach(FaceDetail face in detectFacesResponse.FaceDetails)
{
Console.WriteLine("BoundingBox: top={0} left={1} width={2} height={3}", face.BoundingBox.Left,
face.BoundingBox.Top, face.BoundingBox.Width, face.BoundingBox.Height);
Console.WriteLine("Confidence: {0}\nLandmarks: {1}\nPose: pitch={2} roll={3} yaw={4}\nQuality: {5}",
face.Confidence, face.Landmarks.Count, face.Pose.Pitch,
face.Pose.Roll, face.Pose.Yaw, face.Quality);
if (hasAll)
Console.WriteLine("The detected face is estimated to be between " +
face.AgeRange.Low + " and " + face.AgeRange.High + " years old.");
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
- Ruby
This example displays the estimated age range for detected faces, and lists various
facial attributes. Change the value of photo
to the image file name. Change the value of bucket to
the Amazon S3 bucket where the image is stored.
#Copyright 2018 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
#PDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0 (For details, see https://github.com/awsdocs/amazon-rekognition-developer-guide/blob/master/LICENSE-SAMPLECODE.)
# Add to your Gemfile
# gem 'aws-sdk-rekognition'
require 'aws-sdk-rekognition'
credentials = Aws::Credentials.new(
ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY']
)
bucket = 'bucket' # the bucketname without s3://
photo = 'input.jpg'# the name of file
client = Aws::Rekognition::Client.new credentials: credentials
attrs = {
image: {
s3_object: {
bucket: bucket,
name: photo
},
},
attributes: ['ALL']
}
response = client.detect_faces attrs
puts "Detected faces for: #{photo}"
response.face_details.each do |face_detail|
low = face_detail.age_range.low
high = face_detail.age_range.high
puts "The detected face is between: #{low} and #{high} years old"
puts "All other attributes:"
puts " bounding_box.width: #{face_detail.bounding_box.width}"
puts " bounding_box.height: #{face_detail.bounding_box.height}"
puts " bounding_box.left: #{face_detail.bounding_box.left}"
puts " bounding_box.top: #{face_detail.bounding_box.top}"
puts " age.range.low: #{face_detail.age_range.low}"
puts " age.range.high: #{face_detail.age_range.high}"
puts " smile.value: #{face_detail.smile.value}"
puts " smile.confidence: #{face_detail.smile.confidence}"
puts " eyeglasses.value: #{face_detail.eyeglasses.value}"
puts " eyeglasses.confidence: #{face_detail.eyeglasses.confidence}"
puts " sunglasses.value: #{face_detail.sunglasses.value}"
puts " sunglasses.confidence: #{face_detail.sunglasses.confidence}"
puts " gender.value: #{face_detail.gender.value}"
puts " gender.confidence: #{face_detail.gender.confidence}"
puts " beard.value: #{face_detail.beard.value}"
puts " beard.confidence: #{face_detail.beard.confidence}"
puts " mustache.value: #{face_detail.mustache.value}"
puts " mustache.confidence: #{face_detail.mustache.confidence}"
puts " eyes_open.value: #{face_detail.eyes_open.value}"
puts " eyes_open.confidence: #{face_detail.eyes_open.confidence}"
puts " mout_open.value: #{face_detail.mouth_open.value}"
puts " mout_open.confidence: #{face_detail.mouth_open.confidence}"
puts " emotions[0].type: #{face_detail.emotions[0].type}"
puts " emotions[0].confidence: #{face_detail.emotions[0].confidence}"
puts " landmarks[0].type: #{face_detail.landmarks[0].type}"
puts " landmarks[0].x: #{face_detail.landmarks[0].x}"
puts " landmarks[0].y: #{face_detail.landmarks[0].y}"
puts " pose.roll: #{face_detail.pose.roll}"
puts " pose.yaw: #{face_detail.pose.yaw}"
puts " pose.pitch: #{face_detail.pose.pitch}"
puts " quality.brightness: #{face_detail.quality.brightness}"
puts " quality.sharpness: #{face_detail.quality.sharpness}"
puts " confidence: #{face_detail.confidence}"
puts "------------"
puts ""
end
- Node.js
This example displays the estimated age range for detected faces, and lists various
facial attributes. Change the value of photo
to the image file name. Change the value of bucket to
the Amazon S3 bucket where the image is stored.
If you are using TypeScript definitions, you may need to use
import AWS from 'aws-sdk' instead of const
AWS = require('aws-sdk'), in order to run the program
with Node.js. You can consult the AWS
SDK for Javascript for more details. Depending on how
you have your configurations set up, you also may need to specify
your region with
AWS.config.update({region:region});.
//Copyright 2018 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
//PDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0 (For details, see https://github.com/awsdocs/amazon-rekognition-developer-guide/blob/master/LICENSE-SAMPLECODE.)
const AWS = require('aws-sdk')
const bucket = 'bucket' // the bucketname without s3://
const photo = 'input.jpg' // the name of file
const config = new AWS.Config({
accessKeyId: process.env.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
secretAccessKey: process.env.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
region: process.env.AWS_REGION
})
const client = new AWS.Rekognition();
const params = {
Image: {
S3Object: {
Bucket: bucket,
Name: photo
},
},
Attributes: ['ALL']
}
client.detectFaces(params, function(err, response) {
if (err) {
console.log(err, err.stack); // an error occurred
} else {
console.log(`Detected faces for: ${photo}`)
response.FaceDetails.forEach(data => {
let low = data.AgeRange.Low
let high = data.AgeRange.High
console.log(`The detected face is between: ${low} and ${high} years old`)
console.log("All other attributes:")
console.log(` BoundingBox.Width: ${data.BoundingBox.Width}`)
console.log(` BoundingBox.Height: ${data.BoundingBox.Height}`)
console.log(` BoundingBox.Left: ${data.BoundingBox.Left}`)
console.log(` BoundingBox.Top: ${data.BoundingBox.Top}`)
console.log(` Age.Range.Low: ${data.AgeRange.Low}`)
console.log(` Age.Range.High: ${data.AgeRange.High}`)
console.log(` Smile.Value: ${data.Smile.Value}`)
console.log(` Smile.Confidence: ${data.Smile.Confidence}`)
console.log(` Eyeglasses.Value: ${data.Eyeglasses.Value}`)
console.log(` Eyeglasses.Confidence: ${data.Eyeglasses.Confidence}`)
console.log(` Sunglasses.Value: ${data.Sunglasses.Value}`)
console.log(` Sunglasses.Confidence: ${data.Sunglasses.Confidence}`)
console.log(` Gender.Value: ${data.Gender.Value}`)
console.log(` Gender.Confidence: ${data.Gender.Confidence}`)
console.log(` Beard.Value: ${data.Beard.Value}`)
console.log(` Beard.Confidence: ${data.Beard.Confidence}`)
console.log(` Mustache.Value: ${data.Mustache.Value}`)
console.log(` Mustache.Confidence: ${data.Mustache.Confidence}`)
console.log(` EyesOpen.Value: ${data.EyesOpen.Value}`)
console.log(` EyesOpen.Confidence: ${data.EyesOpen.Confidence}`)
console.log(` MouthOpen.Value: ${data.MouthOpen.Value}`)
console.log(` MouthOpen.Confidence: ${data.MouthOpen.Confidence}`)
console.log(` Emotions[0].Type: ${data.Emotions[0].Type}`)
console.log(` Emotions[0].Confidence: ${data.Emotions[0].Confidence}`)
console.log(` Landmarks[0].Type: ${data.Landmarks[0].Type}`)
console.log(` Landmarks[0].X: ${data.Landmarks[0].X}`)
console.log(` Landmarks[0].Y: ${data.Landmarks[0].Y}`)
console.log(` Pose.Roll: ${data.Pose.Roll}`)
console.log(` Pose.Yaw: ${data.Pose.Yaw}`)
console.log(` Pose.Pitch: ${data.Pose.Pitch}`)
console.log(` Quality.Brightness: ${data.Quality.Brightness}`)
console.log(` Quality.Sharpness: ${data.Quality.Sharpness}`)
console.log(` Confidence: ${data.Confidence}`)
console.log("------------")
console.log("")
}) // for response.faceDetails
} // if
});
DetectFaces operation request
The input to DetectFaces is an image. In this example, the image is
loaded from an Amazon S3 bucket. The Attributes parameter specifies that all
facial attributes should be returned. For more information, see Working with images.
{
"Image": {
"S3Object": {
"Bucket": "bucket",
"Name": "input.jpg"
}
},
"Attributes": [
"ALL"
]
}
DetectFaces operation response
DetectFaces returns the following information for each detected face:
-
Bounding box – The coordinates
of the bounding box that surrounds the face.
-
Confidence – The level of
confidence that the bounding box contains a face.
-
Facial landmarks – An array of
facial landmarks. For each landmark (such as the left eye, right eye, and
mouth), the response provides the x and y coordinates.
-
Facial attributes – A set of
facial attributes, such as whether the face has a beard. For
each such attribute, the response provides a value. The value can be of
different types, such as a Boolean type (whether a person is wearing
sunglasses) or a string (whether the person is male or female). In addition,
for most attributes, the response also provides a confidence in the detected
value for the attribute.
-
Quality – Describes the
brightness and the sharpness of the face. For information about
ensuring the best possible face detection, see
Recommendations for facial comparison input images.
-
Pose – Describes
the rotation of the face inside the image.
-
Emotions – A set
of emotions with confidence in the analysis.
The following is an example response of a DetectFaces API call.
{
"FaceDetails": [
{
"AgeRange": {
"High": 43,
"Low": 26
},
"Beard": {
"Confidence": 97.48941802978516,
"Value": true
},
"BoundingBox": {
"Height": 0.6968063116073608,
"Left": 0.26937249302864075,
"Top": 0.11424895375967026,
"Width": 0.42325547337532043
},
"Confidence": 99.99995422363281,
"Emotions": [
{
"Confidence": 0.042965151369571686,
"Type": "DISGUSTED"
},
{
"Confidence": 0.002022328320890665,
"Type": "HAPPY"
},
{
"Confidence": 0.4482877850532532,
"Type": "SURPRISED"
},
{
"Confidence": 0.007082826923578978,
"Type": "ANGRY"
},
{
"Confidence": 0,
"Type": "CONFUSED"
},
{
"Confidence": 99.47616577148438,
"Type": "CALM"
},
{
"Confidence": 0.017732391133904457,
"Type": "SAD"
}
],
"Eyeglasses": {
"Confidence": 99.42405700683594,
"Value": false
},
"EyesOpen": {
"Confidence": 99.99604797363281,
"Value": true
},
"Gender": {
"Confidence": 99.722412109375,
"Value": "Male"
},
"Landmarks": [
{
"Type": "eyeLeft",
"X": 0.38549351692199707,
"Y": 0.3959200084209442
},
{
"Type": "eyeRight",
"X": 0.5773905515670776,
"Y": 0.394561767578125
},
{
"Type": "mouthLeft",
"X": 0.40410104393959045,
"Y": 0.6479480862617493
},
{
"Type": "mouthRight",
"X": 0.5623446702957153,
"Y": 0.647117555141449
},
{
"Type": "nose",
"X": 0.47763553261756897,
"Y": 0.5337067246437073
},
{
"Type": "leftEyeBrowLeft",
"X": 0.3114689588546753,
"Y": 0.3376390337944031
},
{
"Type": "leftEyeBrowRight",
"X": 0.4224424660205841,
"Y": 0.3232649564743042
},
{
"Type": "leftEyeBrowUp",
"X": 0.36654090881347656,
"Y": 0.3104579746723175
},
{
"Type": "rightEyeBrowLeft",
"X": 0.5353175401687622,
"Y": 0.3223199248313904
},
{
"Type": "rightEyeBrowRight",
"X": 0.6546239852905273,
"Y": 0.3348073363304138
},
{
"Type": "rightEyeBrowUp",
"X": 0.5936762094497681,
"Y": 0.3080498278141022
},
{
"Type": "leftEyeLeft",
"X": 0.3524211347103119,
"Y": 0.3936865031719208
},
{
"Type": "leftEyeRight",
"X": 0.4229775369167328,
"Y": 0.3973258435726166
},
{
"Type": "leftEyeUp",
"X": 0.38467878103256226,
"Y": 0.3836822807788849
},
{
"Type": "leftEyeDown",
"X": 0.38629674911499023,
"Y": 0.40618783235549927
},
{
"Type": "rightEyeLeft",
"X": 0.5374732613563538,
"Y": 0.39637991786003113
},
{
"Type": "rightEyeRight",
"X": 0.609208345413208,
"Y": 0.391626238822937
},
{
"Type": "rightEyeUp",
"X": 0.5750962495803833,
"Y": 0.3821527063846588
},
{
"Type": "rightEyeDown",
"X": 0.5740782618522644,
"Y": 0.40471214056015015
},
{
"Type": "noseLeft",
"X": 0.4441811740398407,
"Y": 0.5608476400375366
},
{
"Type": "noseRight",
"X": 0.5155643820762634,
"Y": 0.5569332242012024
},
{
"Type": "mouthUp",
"X": 0.47968366742134094,
"Y": 0.6176465749740601
},
{
"Type": "mouthDown",
"X": 0.4807897210121155,
"Y": 0.690782368183136
},
{
"Type": "leftPupil",
"X": 0.38549351692199707,
"Y": 0.3959200084209442
},
{
"Type": "rightPupil",
"X": 0.5773905515670776,
"Y": 0.394561767578125
},
{
"Type": "upperJawlineLeft",
"X": 0.27245330810546875,
"Y": 0.3902156949043274
},
{
"Type": "midJawlineLeft",
"X": 0.31561678647994995,
"Y": 0.6596118807792664
},
{
"Type": "chinBottom",
"X": 0.48385748267173767,
"Y": 0.8160444498062134
},
{
"Type": "midJawlineRight",
"X": 0.6625112891197205,
"Y": 0.656606137752533
},
{
"Type": "upperJawlineRight",
"X": 0.7042999863624573,
"Y": 0.3863988518714905
}
],
"MouthOpen": {
"Confidence": 99.83820343017578,
"Value": false
},
"Mustache": {
"Confidence": 72.20288848876953,
"Value": false
},
"Pose": {
"Pitch": -4.970901966094971,
"Roll": -1.4911699295043945,
"Yaw": -10.983647346496582
},
"Quality": {
"Brightness": 73.81391906738281,
"Sharpness": 86.86019134521484
},
"Smile": {
"Confidence": 99.93638610839844,
"Value": false
},
"Sunglasses": {
"Confidence": 99.81478881835938,
"Value": false
}
}
]
}
Note the following:
-
The Pose data describes the rotation of the face
detected. You can use the combination of the
BoundingBox and Pose data to draw the
bounding box around faces that your application displays.
-
The Quality describes the brightness and the sharpness of
the face. You might find this useful to compare faces across images
and find the best face.
-
The preceding response shows all facial landmarks the
service can detect, all facial attributes and emotions. To get all
of these in the response, you must specify the attributes
parameter with value ALL. By default, the DetectFaces
API returns only the following five facial attributes: BoundingBox,
Confidence, Pose, Quality and
landmarks. The default landmarks returned are: eyeLeft,
eyeRight, nose, mouthLeft, and
mouthRight.
