Creating a Gateway
In this section, you can find instructions about how to download, deploy, and activate your file gateway.
Topics
Choosing a Gateway Type
With a file gateway, you store and retrieve objects in Amazon S3 with a local cache for low latency access to your most recently used data.
To choose a gateway type
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Open the AWS Management Console at http://console.aws.amazon.com/storagegateway/home, and choose the AWS Region that you want to create your gateway in.
If you have previously created a gateway in this AWS Region, the console shows your gateway. Otherwise, the service homepage appears.
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If you haven't created a gateway in the AWS Region that you chose, choose Get started. If you already have a gateway in the AWS Region that you chose, choose Gateways from the navigation pane, and then choose Create gateway.
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On the Select gateway type page, choose File gateway, and then choose Next.
Choosing a Host Platform and Downloading the VM
If you create your gateway on-premises, you deploy the hardware appliance, or download and deploy a gateway VM, and then activate the gateway. If you create your gateway on an Amazon EC2 instance, you launch an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that contains the gateway VM image and then activate the gateway. For information about supported host platforms, see Supported Hypervisors and Host Requirements.
Note
You can run only file, cached volume, and tape gateways on an Amazon EC2 instance.
To select a host platform and download the VM
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On the Select host platform page, choose the virtualization platform that you want to run your gateway on.
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Choose Download image next to your virtualization platform to download a .zip file that contains the .ova file for your virtualization platform.
Note
The .zip file is over 500 MB in size and might take some time to download, depending on your network connection.
For EC2, you create an instance from the provided AMI.
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Deploy the downloaded image to your hypervisor. You need to add at least one local disk for your cache and one local disk for your upload buffer during the deployment. A file gateway requires only one local disk for a cache. For information about local disk requirements, see Hardware and Storage Requirements.
If you choose VMware, do the following:
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Store your disk in Thick provisioned format. When you use thick provisioning, the disk storage is allocated immediately, resulting in better performance. In contrast, thin provisioning allocates storage on demand. On-demand allocation can affect the normal functioning of AWS Storage Gateway. For Storage Gateway to function properly, the VM disks must be stored in thick-provisioned format.
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Configure your gateway VM to use paravirtualized disk controllers. For more information, see Configuring the AWS Storage Gateway VM to Use Paravirtualized Disk Controllers.
If you choose Microsoft Hyper-V, do the following:
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Configure the disk type as Fixed size. When you use fixed-size provisioning, the disk storage is allocated immediately, resulting in better performance. If you don't use fixed-size provisioning, the storage is allocated on demand. On-demand allocation can affect the functioning of AWS Storage Gateway. For Storage Gateway to function properly, the VM disks must be stored in fixed-size provisioned format.
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When allocating disks, choose virtual hard disk (.vhd) file. Storage Gateway supports the .vhdx file type. By using this file type, you can create larger virtual disks than with other file types. If you create a .vhdx type virtual disk, make sure that the size of the virtual disks that you create doesn't exceed the recommended disk size for your gateway.
For both VMware and Microsoft Hyper-V, synchronizing the VM time with the host time is required for successful gateway activation. Make sure that your host clock is set to the correct time and synchronize it with a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server.
If you choose EC2, do the following:
Launch an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that contains the gateway VM image, and then activate the gateway. For information about deploying your gateway to an Amazon EC2 host, see: Deploying a Volume or Tape Gateway on an Amazon EC2 Host
If you choose the hardware appliance, see Activate Your Hardware Appliance.
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For information about deploying your gateway to an Amazon EC2 host, see Deploy Your Gateway to an Amazon EC2 Host.
Choosing a Service Endpoint
You can activate your gateway using a public endpoint and have your gateway communicate with AWS storage services over the public internet. Or you can activate your gateway using a virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint, which is private. If you use a VPC endpoint, all communication from your gateway to AWS services occurs through the VPC endpoint in your VPC in AWS.
To choose a service endpoint
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For Endpoint type, choose from the following options:
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To have your gateway access AWS services over the public internet, choose Public.
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To have your gateway access AWS services through the VPC endpoint in your VPC, choose VPC.
This walkthrough assumes that you are activating your gateway with a public endpoint. For information about how to activate a gateway using a VPC endpoint, see Activating a Gateway in a Virtual Private Cloud.
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Choose Next to connect you gateway and activate your gateway.
Connecting to Your Gateway
To connect to your gateway, first get the IP address of your gateway VM. You use this IP address to activate your gateway. For gateways deployed and activated on an on-premises host, you can get the IP address from your gateway VM local console or your hypervisor client. For gateways deployed and activated on an Amazon EC2 instance, you can get the IP address from the Amazon EC2 console.
The activation process associates your gateway with your AWS account. Your gateway VM must be running for activation to succeed.
Make sure that you select the correct gateway type. The .ova files and Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) for the gateway types are different and are not interchangeable.
To get the IP address for your gateway VM from the local console
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Log on to your gateway VM local console. For detailed instructions, see the following:
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VMware ESXi – Accessing the Gateway Local Console with VMware ESXi.
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Microsoft Hyper-V – Access the Gateway Local Console with Microsoft Hyper-V.
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Get the IP address from the top of the menu page, and note it for later use.
To get the IP address from an EC2 instance
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Open the Amazon EC2 console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/.
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In the navigation pane, choose Instances, and then choose the EC2 instance.
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Choose the Description tab at the bottom, and then note the IP address. You use this IP address to activate the gateway.
For activation, you can use the public or private IP address assigned to a gateway. You must be able to reach the IP address that you use from the browser from which you perform the activation. In this walkthrough, we use the public IP address to activate the gateway.
To associate your gateway with your AWS account
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If the Connect to gateway page isn't already open, open the console and navigate to that page.
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Type the IP address of your gateway for IP address, and then choose Connect gateway.
For detailed information about how to get a gateway IP address, see Connecting to Your Gateway.
Activating Your Gateway
The gateway type, endpoint type, and AWS Region that you selected are shown on the activation page. The activation page appears after you associate your gateway with your AWS account, as described preceding.
To activate your gateway
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To complete the activation process, provide information on the activation page to configure your gateway setting:
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Gateway type specifies the type of gateway that you are activating.
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Endpoint type specifies the type of endpoint that you selected for your gateway.
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AWS Region specifies the AWS Region where your gateway will be activated and where your data will be stored. If Endpoint type is VPC, the AWS Region should be same as the Region where your VPC endpoint is located.
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Gateway Time Zone specifies the time zone to use for your gateway.
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Gateway Name identifies your gateway. You use this name to manage your gateway in the console; you can change it after the gateway is activated. This name must be unique to your account.
The following screenshot shows the activation page for a file gateway.
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(Optional) In the Add tags section, enter a key and value to add tags to your gateway. A tag is a case-sensitive key-value pair that helps you manage, filter, and search for your gateway.
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Choose Activate gateway.
If activation isn't successful, see Troubleshooting Your Gateway for possible solutions.
Configuring Local Disks
When you deployed the VM, you allocated local disks for your gateway. Now you configure your gateway to use these disks. For information about using ephemeral storage, see Using Ephemeral Storage With EC2 Gateways.
To configure local disks
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On the Configure local disks page, identify the disks that you added and decide which ones to allocate for cached storage. For information about disk size limits, see Recommended Local Disk Sizes For Your Gateway.
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Choose Cache for the disk that you want to configure as cache storage.
If you don't see your disks, choose Refresh.
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Choose Configure Logging to save your configuration settings. You are redirected to the Gateway Log Group wizard.
Configuring Amazon CloudWatch Logging
To notify you about the health of your file gateway and its resources, you can configure an Amazon CloudWatch log group. For more information, see Getting File Gateway Health Logs with CloudWatch Log Groups.
To configure a CloudWatch log group for your file gateway
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In the Gateway Log Group wizard, choose the Create new Log Group link to create a new log group. You are directed to the CloudWatch console to create one. If you already have a CloudWatch log group that you want to use to monitor your gateway, choose that group for Gateway Log Group.
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If you create a new log group, choose the refresh button to view the new log group in the list.
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If your gateway is deployed on a VMware host that is enabled for VMware High Availability (HA) cluster, you're prompted to verify and test the VMware HA configuration. In this case, choose Verify VMware HA. Otherwise, choose Save and Continue.
Verify VMware High Availability (VMware HA Clusters Only)
If your gateway is not deployed on a VMware host that is enabled for VMware High Availability (HA), you can skip this section.
If your gateway is deployed on a VMware host that is enabled for VMware High Availability (HA) cluster, you can either test the configuration when activating the gateway or after your gateway is activated. The following instructions show you how to test the configuration during activation.
To test for VMware HA
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On the Verify VMware High Availability Configuration page, choose Verify VMware HA. This can take up to two minutes to complete.
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If the test is successful, a message that indicates a successful test is displayed in the banner. If the test fails, a failed message is displayed. You can make changes in your vSphere configuration and repeat the test.
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To repeat the test, choose Actions and then choose Verify VMware HA.
For information about how to configure your gateway for VMware HA, see Using VMware vSphere High Availability with AWS Storage Gateway.
Next Step
