使用 AWS CloudFormation 配置 Amazon VPC 资源 - AWS CloudFormation
在 VPC 中启用 IPv6 仅出口互联网访问弹性网络接口 (ENI) 模板代码段

使用 AWS CloudFormation 配置 Amazon VPC 资源

本节提供使用 AWS CloudFormation 配置 Amazon VPC 资源的示例。VPC 允许您在 AWS 中创建一个虚拟网络，这些代码段展示了如何配置 VPC 各个方面来满足自己的网络要求。

在 VPC 中启用 IPv6 仅出口互联网访问

仅出口互联网网关允许 VPC 中的实例访问互联网并阻止互联网上的资源与实例通信。以下代码段支持在 VPC 中启用 IPv6 仅出口互联网访问。它使用 AWS::EC2::VPC 资源创建 IPv4 地址范围为 10.0.0/16 的 VPC。将路由表与使用 AWS::EC2::RouteTable 资源的 VPC 资源关联起来。路由表会管理 VPC 内实例的路由。AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway 用于创建仅出口互联网网关，为来自 VPC 中实例的出站流量启用 IPv6 通信，同时阻止入站流量。AWS::EC2::Route 资源用于在路由表中创建 IPv6 路由，该路由会将所有出站 IPv6 流量 (::/0) 定向到仅出口互联网网关。

有关仅出口互联网网关的更多信息，请参阅使用仅出口互联网网关允许出站 IPv6 流量。

JSON

"DefaultIpv6Route": {
    "Type": "AWS::EC2::Route",
    "Properties": {
        "DestinationIpv6CidrBlock": "::/0",
        "EgressOnlyInternetGatewayId": {
            "Ref": "EgressOnlyInternetGateway"
        },
        "RouteTableId": {
            "Ref": "RouteTable"
        }
    }
},
"EgressOnlyInternetGateway": {
    "Type": "AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway",
    "Properties": {
        "VpcId": {
            "Ref": "VPC"
        }
    }
},
"RouteTable": {
    "Type": "AWS::EC2::RouteTable",
    "Properties": {
        "VpcId": {
            "Ref": "VPC"
        }
    }
},
"VPC": {
    "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPC",
    "Properties": {
        "CidrBlock": "10.0.0.0/16"
    }
}

YAML

DefaultIpv6Route:
  Type: "AWS::EC2::Route"
  Properties:
    DestinationIpv6CidrBlock: "::/0"
    EgressOnlyInternetGatewayId:
      Ref: "EgressOnlyInternetGateway"
    RouteTableId:
      Ref: "RouteTable"
EgressOnlyInternetGateway:
  Type: "AWS::EC2::EgressOnlyInternetGateway"
  Properties:
    VpcId:
      Ref: "VPC"
RouteTable:
  Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable"
  Properties:
    VpcId:
      Ref: "VPC"
VPC:
  Type: "AWS::EC2::VPC"
  Properties:
    CidrBlock: "10.0.0.0/16"

弹性网络接口 (ENI) 模板代码段

创建带有附加弹性网络接口（ENI）的 Amazon EC2 实例

以下示例代码段使用 AWS::EC2::Instance 资源在指定的 Amazon VPC 和子网中创建 Amazon EC2 实例。它将两个网络接口（ENI）连接到实例，通过附加的 ENI 将弹性 IP 地址关联到实例，并针对 SSH 和 HTTP 访问配置安全组。创建实例时，用户数据作为启动配置的一部分提供给实例。用户数据包括以 base64 格式编码的脚本，可确保将其传递到实例。当实例启动时，脚本会作为引导过程的一部分自动运行。它会安装 ec2-net-utils、配置网络接口并启动 HTTP 服务。

为了根据所选区域确定合适的亚马逊机器映像（AMI），该代码段使用了一个可在 RegionMap 映射中查找值的 Fn::FindInMap 函数。此映射必须在较大的模板中定义。这两个网络接口都是使用 AWS::EC2::NetworkInterface 资源创建的。使用分配给 vpc 域的 AWS::EC2::EIP 资源指定弹性 IP 地址。这些弹性 IP 地址将使用 AWS::EC2::EIPAssociation 资源与网络接口关联。

Outputs 部分定义了您想在堆栈创建后访问的值或资源。在此代码段中，定义的输出是 InstancePublicIp，表示堆栈创建的 EC2 实例的公有 IP 地址。您可以使用 AWS CloudFormation 控制台的输出选项卡或 aws cloudformation describe-stacks 命令来检索此输出内容。

有关弹性网络接口的更多信息，请参阅弹性网络接口。

JSON

"Resources": {
    "ControlPortAddress": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::EIP",
        "Properties": {
            "Domain": "vpc"
        }
    },
    "AssociateControlPort": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::EIPAssociation",
        "Properties": {
            "AllocationId": {
                "Fn::GetAtt": [
                    "ControlPortAddress",
                    "AllocationId"
                ]
            },
            "NetworkInterfaceId": {
                "Ref": "controlXface"
            }
        }
    },
    "WebPortAddress": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::EIP",
        "Properties": {
            "Domain": "vpc"
        }
    },
    "AssociateWebPort": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::EIPAssociation",
        "Properties": {
            "AllocationId": {
                "Fn::GetAtt": [
                    "WebPortAddress",
                    "AllocationId"
                ]
            },
            "NetworkInterfaceId": {
                "Ref": "webXface"
            }
        }
    },
    "SSHSecurityGroup": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
        "Properties": {
            "VpcId": {
                "Ref": "VpcId"
            },
            "GroupDescription": "Enable SSH access via port 22",
            "SecurityGroupIngress": [
                {
                    "CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0",
                    "FromPort": 22,
                    "IpProtocol": "tcp",
                    "ToPort": 22
                }
            ]
        }
    },
    "WebSecurityGroup": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
        "Properties": {
            "VpcId": {
                "Ref": "VpcId"
            },
            "GroupDescription": "Enable HTTP access via user-defined port",
            "SecurityGroupIngress": [
                {
                    "CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0",
                    "FromPort": 80,
                    "IpProtocol": "tcp",
                    "ToPort": 80
                }
            ]
        }
    },
    "controlXface": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::NetworkInterface",
        "Properties": {
            "SubnetId": {
                "Ref": "SubnetId"
            },
            "Description": "Interface for controlling traffic such as SSH",
            "GroupSet": [
                {
                    "Fn::GetAtt": [
                        "SSHSecurityGroup",
                        "GroupId"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "SourceDestCheck": true,
            "Tags": [
                {
                    "Key": "Network",
                    "Value": "Control"
                }
            ]
        }
    },
    "webXface": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::NetworkInterface",
        "Properties": {
            "SubnetId": {
                "Ref": "SubnetId"
            },
            "Description": "Interface for web traffic",
            "GroupSet": [
                {
                    "Fn::GetAtt": [
                        "WebSecurityGroup",
                        "GroupId"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "SourceDestCheck": true,
            "Tags": [
                {
                    "Key": "Network",
                    "Value": "Web"
                }
            ]
        }
    },
    "Ec2Instance": {
        "Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
        "Properties": {
            "ImageId": {
                "Fn::FindInMap": [
                    "RegionMap",
                    {
                        "Ref": "AWS::Region"
                    },
                    "AMI"
                ]
            },
            "KeyName": {
                "Ref": "KeyName"
            },
            "NetworkInterfaces": [
                {
                    "NetworkInterfaceId": {
                        "Ref": "controlXface"
                    },
                    "DeviceIndex": "0"
                },
                {
                    "NetworkInterfaceId": {
                        "Ref": "webXface"
                    },
                    "DeviceIndex": "1"
                }
            ],
            "Tags": [
                {
                    "Key": "Role",
                    "Value": "Test Instance"
                }
            ],
            "UserData": {
                "Fn::Base64": {
                    "Fn::Sub": "#!/bin/bash -xe\nyum install ec2-net-utils -y\nec2ifup eth1\nservice httpd start\n"
                }
            }
        }
    }
},
"Outputs": {
    "InstancePublicIp": {
        "Description": "Public IP Address of the EC2 Instance",
        "Value": {
            "Fn::GetAtt": [
                "Ec2Instance",
                "PublicIp"
            ]
        }
    }
}

YAML

Resources:
  ControlPortAddress:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::EIP'
    Properties:
      Domain: vpc
  AssociateControlPort:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::EIPAssociation'
    Properties:
      AllocationId:
        Fn::GetAtt:
          - ControlPortAddress
          - AllocationId
      NetworkInterfaceId:
        Ref: controlXface
  WebPortAddress:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::EIP'
    Properties:
      Domain: vpc
  AssociateWebPort:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::EIPAssociation'
    Properties:
      AllocationId:
        Fn::GetAtt:
          - WebPortAddress
          - AllocationId
      NetworkInterfaceId:
        Ref: webXface
  SSHSecurityGroup:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup'
    Properties:
      VpcId:
        Ref: VpcId
      GroupDescription: Enable SSH access via port 22
      SecurityGroupIngress:
        - CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0
          FromPort: 22
          IpProtocol: tcp
          ToPort: 22
  WebSecurityGroup:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup'
    Properties:
      VpcId:
        Ref: VpcId
      GroupDescription: Enable HTTP access via user-defined port
      SecurityGroupIngress:
        - CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0
          FromPort: 80
          IpProtocol: tcp
          ToPort: 80
  controlXface:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::NetworkInterface'
    Properties:
      SubnetId:
        Ref: SubnetId
      Description: Interface for controlling traffic such as SSH
      GroupSet:
        - Fn::GetAtt:
            - SSHSecurityGroup
            - GroupId
      SourceDestCheck: true
      Tags:
        - Key: Network
          Value: Control
  webXface:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::NetworkInterface'
    Properties:
      SubnetId:
        Ref: SubnetId
      Description: Interface for web traffic
      GroupSet:
        - Fn::GetAtt:
            - WebSecurityGroup
            - GroupId
      SourceDestCheck: true
      Tags:
        - Key: Network
          Value: Web
  Ec2Instance:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
    Properties:
      ImageId:
        Fn::FindInMap:
          - RegionMap
          - Ref: AWS::Region
          - AMI
      KeyName:
        Ref: KeyName
      NetworkInterfaces:
        - NetworkInterfaceId:
            Ref: controlXface
          DeviceIndex: "0"
        - NetworkInterfaceId:
            Ref: webXface
          DeviceIndex: "1"
      Tags:
        - Key: Role
          Value: Test Instance
      UserData:
        Fn::Base64: !Sub |
          #!/bin/bash -xe
          yum install ec2-net-utils -y
          ec2ifup eth1
          service httpd start
Outputs:
  InstancePublicIp:
    Description: Public IP Address of the EC2 Instance
    Value:
      Fn::GetAtt:
        - Ec2Instance
        - PublicIp