使用 AWS Backup 记录 CloudTrail API 调用 - AWS Backup
CloudTrail 中的 AWS Backup 信息了解 AWS Backup 日志文件条目记录跨账户管理事件

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使用 AWS Backup 记录 CloudTrail API 调用

AWS Backup 与 AWS CloudTrail 集成，后者是在 AWS 中记录用户、角色或 AWS Backup 服务所执行操作的服务。CloudTrail 会将 AWS Backup 的所有 API 调用作为事件捕获。捕获的调用包含来自 AWS Backup 控制台和代码的 AWS Backup API 操作调用。如果您创建了跟踪，则可以启用持续交付CloudTrail发送到 Amazon S3 存储桶的事件，包括的事件AWS Backup。如果您不配置跟踪记录，则仍可在 CloudTrail 控制台的 Event history（事件历史记录）中查看最新事件。通过使用 CloudTrail 收集的信息，您可以确定向 AWS Backup 发出了什么请求、发出请求的 IP 地址、何人发出的请求、请求的发出时间以及其他详细信息。要了解有关 CloudTrail 的更多信息，请参阅 AWS CloudTrail 用户指南。

重要

在记录数据读取事件的账户中，S3 存储桶带有CloudTrail启用日志需要将其访问日志保存到不同的目标存储桶；如果CloudTrail日志保存在它们记录的同一个存储桶中，即无限循环形式。此回路可能会触发意外和不必要的充电。

有关更多信息，请参阅《CloudTrail 用户指南》中的数据事件。

CloudTrail 中的 AWS Backup 信息

在您创建 AWS 账户 账户时，即针对该账户启用了 CloudTrail。当 AWS Backup 中发生活动时，该活动将记录在 CloudTrail 事件中，并与其他 AWS 服务事件一同保存在 Event history (事件历史记录) 中。您可以查看、搜索和下载最近发生的事件AWS 账户。AWS Backup生成这些CloudTrail它执行备份、恢复、复制或通知时发生的事件：

  • BackupDeleted

  • BackupJobCompleted

  • BackupJobStarted

  • BackupSelectionDeletedDueToSLRDeletion

  • BackupTransitionedToCold

  • CopyJobCompleted

  • CopyJobStarted

  • ReportJobCompleted

  • ReportJobStarted

  • RestoreCompleted

  • RestoreStarted

  • PutBackupVaultNotifications

这些事件不一定是通过使用生成的AWS Backup公共 API。相反，它们是通过以下方式生成的AWS Backup异步执行您的作业。例如，你的StartBackupJobAPI 调用可能会生成BackupJobStarted事件，但是备份计划中的计划任务也可能生成BackupJobStarted事件。

有关更多信息，请参阅使用 CloudTrail 事件历史记录查看事件。

对于AWS 账户中的事件的持续记录（包括 AWS Backup 的事件），请创建跟踪记录。一个踪迹启用CloudTrail将日志文件传输到 Amazon S3 存储桶。预设情况下，在控制台中创建跟踪时，此跟踪应用于所有 AWS 区域。此跟踪记录在 AWS 分区中记录所有区域中的事件，并将日志文件传送至您指定的 Simple Storage Service（Amazon S3）桶。此外，您可以配置其他 AWS 服务，进一步分析在 CloudTrail 日志中收集的事件数据并采取行动。有关更多信息，请参阅下列内容：

每个事件或日志条目都包含有关生成请求的人员信息。身份信息可帮助您确定以下内容：

  • 请求是使用根用户凭证还是 AWS Identity and Access Management（IAM） 用户凭证发出的。

  • 请求是使用角色还是联合身份用户的临时安全凭证发出的。

  • 请求是否由其它 AWS 服务发出。

有关更多信息，请参阅 CloudTrail userIdentity 元素。

了解 AWS Backup 日志文件条目

跟踪是一种配置，可用于将事件作为日志文件传送到您指定的 Amazon S3 桶。CloudTrail 日志文件包含一个或多个日志条目。一个事件表示来自任何源的一个请求，包括有关所请求的操作、操作的日期和时间、请求参数等方面的信息。CloudTrail 日志文件不是公用 API 调用的有序堆栈跟踪，因此它们不会按任何特定顺序显示。

以下示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目演示了 StartBackupJob、StartRestoreJob 和 DeleteRecoveryPoint 操作以及 BackupJobCompleted 事件。

{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "Root",
        "principalId": "123456789012",
        "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:root",
        "accountId": "account-id",
        "accessKeyId": aceess-key,
        "sessionContext": {
            "attributes": {
                "mfaAuthenticated": "false",
                "creationDate": "2019-01-10T12:24:50Z"
            }
        }
    },
    "eventTime": "2019-01-10T13:45:24Z",
    "eventSource": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "StartBackupJob",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "12.34.567.89",
    "userAgent": "aws-internal/3 aws-sdk-java/1.11.465 Linux/4.9.124-0.1.ac.198.73.329.metal1.x86_64 OpenJDK_64-Bit_Server_VM/25.192-b12 java/1.8.0_192",
    "requestParameters": {
        "backupVaultName": "Default",
        "resourceArn": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1:123456789012:volume/vol-00a422a05b9c6asd3",
        "iamRoleArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/AWSBackup",
        "startWindowMinutes": 60
    },
    "responseElements": {
        "backupJobId": "8a3c2a87-b23e-4d56-b045-fa9e88ede4e6",
        "creationDate": "Jan 10, 2019 1:45:24 PM"
    },
    "requestID": "98cf4d59-8c76-49f7-9201-790743931234",
    "eventID": "fe8146a5-7812-4a95-90ad-074498be1234",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "account-id"
},
{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "Root",
        "principalId": "123456789012",
        "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:root",
        "accountId": "account-id",
        "accessKeyId": "access-key",
        "sessionContext": {
            "attributes": {
                "mfaAuthenticated": "false",
                "creationDate": "2019-01-10T12:24:50Z"
            }
        }
    },
    "eventTime": "2019-01-10T13:49:50Z",
    "eventSource": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "StartRestoreJob",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "12.34.567.89",
    "userAgent": "aws-internal/3 aws-sdk-java/1.11.465 Linux/4.9.124-0.1.ac.198.73.329.metal1.x86_64 OpenJDK_64-Bit_Server_VM/25.192-b12 java/1.8.0_192",
    "requestParameters": {
        "recoveryPointArn": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1::snapshot/snap-00a129455bdbc9d99",
        "metadata": {
            "volumeType": "gp2",
            "availabilityZone": "us-east-1b",
            "volumeSize": "100"
        },
        "iamRoleArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/AWSBackup",
        "idempotencyToken": "a9c8b4fb-d369-4a58-944b-942e442a8fe3",
        "resourceType": "EBS"
    },
    "responseElements": {
        "restoreJobId": "9808E090-8C76-CCB8-4CEA-407CF6AC4C43"
    },
    "requestID": "783ddddc-6d7e-4539-8fab-376aa9668543",
    "eventID": "ff35ddea-7577-4aec-a132-964b7e9dd423",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "account-id"
},
{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "Root",
        "principalId": "123456789012",
        "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:root",
        "accountId": "account-id",
        "accessKeyId": "access-key",
        "sessionContext": {
            "attributes": {
                "mfaAuthenticated": "false",
                "creationDate": "2019-01-10T12:24:50Z"
            }
        }
    },
    "eventTime": "2019-01-10T14:52:42Z",
    "eventSource": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "DeleteRecoveryPoint",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "12.34.567.89",
    "userAgent": "aws-internal/3 aws-sdk-java/1.11.465 Linux/4.9.124-0.1.ac.198.73.329.metal1.x86_64 OpenJDK_64-Bit_Server_VM/25.192-b12 java/1.8.0_192",
    "requestParameters": {
        "backupVaultName": "Default",
        "recoveryPointArn": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1::snapshot/snap-05f426fd9daab3433"
    },
    "responseElements": null,
    "requestID": "f1f1b33a-48da-436c-9a8f-7574f1ab5fd7",
    "eventID": "2dd70080-5aba-4a79-9a0f-92647c9f0846",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "account-id"
},
{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "accountId": "account-id",
        "invokedBy": "backup.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "eventTime": "2019-01-10T08:24:39Z",
    "eventSource": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "BackupJobCompleted",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "userAgent": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "requestParameters": null,
    "responseElements": null,
    "eventID": "2e7e4fcf-0c52-467f-9fd0-f61c2fcf7d17",
    "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
    "recipientAccountId": "account-id",
    "serviceEventDetails": {
        "completionDate": {
            "seconds": 1547108091,
            "nanos": 906000000
        },
        "state": "COMPLETED",
        "percentDone": 100,
        "backupJobId": "8A8E738B-A8C5-E058-8224-90FA323A3C0E",
        "backupVaultName": "BackupVault",
        "backupVaultArn": "arn:aws:backup:us-east-1:123456789012:backup-vault:BackupVault",
        "recoveryPointArn": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1::snapshot/snap-07ce8c3141d361233",
        "resourceArn": "arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1:123456789012:volume/vol-06692095a6a421233",
        "creationDate": {
            "seconds": 1547101638,
            "nanos": 272000000
        },
        "backupSizeInBytes": 8589934592,
        "iamRoleArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/AWSBackup",
        "resourceType": "EBS"
    }
}

记录跨账户管理事件

随着AWS Backup，你可以管理所有备份AWS 账户你内心深处AWS Organizations结构。AWS Backup生成这些CloudTrail创建、更新或删除时发生的事件AWS Organizations备份政策（将备份计划应用于您的成员帐户）或组织备份计划无效时：

  • CreateOrganizationalBackupPlan

  • UpdateOrganizationalBackupPlan

  • DeleteOrganizationalBackupPlan

  • InvalidOrganizationalBackupPlan

示例：AWS Backup用于跨账户管理的日志文件条目

跟踪是一种配置，可用于将事件作为日志文件传送到您指定的 Amazon S3 桶。CloudTrail 日志文件包含一个或多个日志条目。一个事件表示来自任何源的一个请求，包括有关所请求的操作、操作的日期和时间、请求参数等方面的信息。CloudTrail 日志文件不是公用 API 调用的有序堆栈跟踪，因此它们不会按任何特定顺序显示。

下面的示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目说明了 CreateOrganizationalBackupPlan 操作。

{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "accountId": "account-id",
        "invokedBy": "backup.amazonaws.com"},
    "eventTime": "2020-06-02T00:34:00Z",
    "eventSource": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "CreateOrganizationalBackupPlan",
    "awsRegion": "ca-central-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "userAgent": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "requestParameters": null,
    "responseElements": null,
    "eventID": "f2642255-af77-4203-8c37-7ca19d898e84",
    "readOnly": false,
    "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
    "recipientAccountId": "account-id",
    "serviceEventDetails": {
        "backupPlanId": "orgs/544033d1-b19c-3f2a-9c20-40bcfa82ca68",
        "backupPlanVersionId": "ZTA1Y2ZjZDYtNmRjMy00ZTA1LWIyNTAtM2M1NzQ4OThmNzRj",
        "backupPlanArn": "arn:aws:backup:ca-central-1:123456789012:backup-plan:orgs/544033d1-b19c-3f2a-9c20-40bcfa82ca68",
        "backupPlanName": "mybackupplan",
        "backupRules": "[{\"id\":\"745fd0ea-7f57-3f35-8a0e-ed4b8c48a8e2\",\"name\":\"hourly\",\"description\":null,\"cryopodArn\":\"arn:aws:backup:ca-central-1:123456789012:backup-vault:CryoControllerCAMTestBackupVault\",\"scheduleExpression\":\"cron(0 0/1 ? * * *)\",\"startWindow\":\"PT1H\",\"completionWindow\":\"PT2H\",\"lifecycle\":{\"moveToColdStorageAfterDays\":null,\"deleteAfterDays\":\"7\"},\"tags\":null,\"copyActions\":[]}]",
        "backupSelections": "[{\"name\":\"selectiondatatype\",\"arn\":\"arn:aws:backup:ca-central-1:123456789012:selection:8b40c6d9-3641-3d49-926d-a075ea715686\",\"role\":\"arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/OrganizationmyRoleTestRole\",\"resources\":[],\"notResources\":[],\"conditions\":[{\"type\":\"STRINGEQUALS\",\"key\":\"dataType\",\"value\":\"PII\"},{\"type\":\"STRINGEQUALS\",\"key\":\"dataType\",\"value\":\"RED\"}],\"creationDate\":\"2020-06-02T00:34:00.695Z\",\"creatorRequestId\":null}]",
        "creationDate": {
            "seconds": 1591058040,
            "nanos": 695000000
        },
        "organizationId": "org-id",
        "accountId": "account-id"
    }
}

下面的示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目说明了 DeleteOrganizationalBackupPlan 操作。

{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "accountId": "account-id",
        "invokedBy": "backup.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "eventTime": "2020-06-02T00:34:25Z",
    "eventSource": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "DeleteOrganizationalBackupPlan",
    "awsRegion": "ca-central-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "userAgent": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "requestParameters": null,
    "responseElements": null,
    "eventID": "5ce66cd0-b90c-4957-8e00-96ea1077b4fa",
    "readOnly": false,
    "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
    "recipientAccountId": "account-id",
    "serviceEventDetails": {
        "backupPlanId": "orgs/544033d1-b19c-3f2a-9c20-40bcfa82ca68",
        "backupPlanVersionId": "ZTA1Y2ZjZDYtNmRjMy00ZTA1LWIyNTAtM2M1NzQ4OThmNzRj",
        "backupPlanArn": "arn:aws:backup:ca-central-1:123456789012:backup-plan:orgs/544033d1-b19c-3f2a-9c20-40bcfa82ca68",
        "backupPlanName": "mybackupplan",
        "deletionDate": {
            "seconds": 1591058065,
            "nanos": 519000000
        },
        "organizationId": "org-id",
        "accountId": "account-id"
    }
}

以下示例显示了CloudTrail演示事件的日志条目InvalidOrganizationBackupPlan，它在以下时间发送AWS Backup从组织收到无效的备份计划。

{
    "eventVersion": "1.08",
    "userIdentity": {
        "accountId": "123456789012",
        "invokedBy": "backup.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "eventTime": "2022-06-11T13:29:23Z",
    "eventSource": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "InvalidOrganizationBackupPlan",
    "awsRegion": "Region",
    "sourceIPAddress": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "userAgent": "backup.amazonaws.com",
    "requestParameters": null,
    "responseElements": null,
    "eventID": "ab1de234-fg56-7890-h123-45ij678k9l01",
    "readOnly": false,
    "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
    "managementEvent": true,
    "recipientAccountId": "987654321098",
    "serviceEventDetails": {
        "effectivePolicyVersion": 7,
        "effectivePolicyId": "12345678-a9b0-123c-45d6-78e901f23456",
        "lastUpdatedTimestamp": "Jun 11, 2022 1:29:22 PM",
        "policyType": "BACKUP_POLICY",
        "effectiveBackupPlan": {
            "logicalName": "logical-name",
            "regions": [
                "Region"
            ],
            "rules": [
                {
                    "name": "test-orgs",
                    "targetBackupVaultName": "vault-name",
                    "ruleLifecycle": {
                        "deleteAfterDays": 100
                    },
                    "copyActions": [],
                    "enableContinuousBackup": true
                }
            ],
            "selections": {
                "tagSelections": [
                    {
                        "selectionName": "selection-name",
                        "iamRoleArn": "arn:aws:iam::$account:role/role",
                        "targetedTags": [
                            {
                                "tagKey": "key",
                                "tagValue": "value"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "backupPlanTags": {
                "key": "value"
            }
        },
        "organizationId": "org-id",
        "accountId": "account-id"
    },
    "eventCategory": "Management"
}