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AWS OpsWorks Stacks 操作系统
重要
AWS OpsWorks Stacks 不再接受新客户。在 2024 年 5 月 26 日之前，现有客户将能够照常使用 OpsWorks 控制台、API、CLI 和 CloudFormation 资源，届时这些工具或资源将停用。为准备此过渡，我们建议您尽快将堆栈过渡到AWS Systems Manager。有关更多信息，请参阅 AWS OpsWorks Stacks 生命周期终止常见问题解答 和 将 AWS OpsWorks Stacks 应用程序迁移到 AWS Systems Manager Application Manager：
AWS OpsWorks Stacks 支持多个内置操作系统的 64 位版本，包括 Amazon 和 Ubuntu Linux 发行版以及 Microsoft Windows Server。一些常规说明：
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堆栈的实例可以运行 Linux 或 Windows。
堆栈可以在不同的实例上拥有不同的 Linux 版本或发行版，但您不能将 Linux 和 Windows 实例混合使用。
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您可以使用自定义 AMI (Amazon 系统映像)，但它们必须以本节的主题中介绍的 AWS OpsWorks Stacks 支持的 AMI 之一为基础。虽然可以使用已经从自定义或社区生成的 AMI 创建的其他操作系统（例如 CentOS 6.x）创建或注册实例，但这些实例不受官方支持。
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您可以手动启动和停止实例，或让 AWS OpsWorks Stacks 自动扩展实例的数量。
您可以对任何堆栈使用基于时间的自动扩展功能；Linux 堆栈还可以使用基于负载的扩展。
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除了使用 AWS OpsWorks Stacks 创建 Amazon EC2 实例外，您还可以使用 Linux 堆栈注册在 AWS OpsWorks Stacks 之外创建的实例。
这包括 Amazon EC2 实例和您自己的硬件上运行的实例。但是，它们必须正在运行受支持的 Linux 发行版之一。您不能注册 Amazon EC2 或本地 Windows 实例。
您可以运行 AWS OpsWorks Stacks DescribeOperatingSystems API 返回受支持操作系统及其支持 Chef 版本的列表。以下是使用 AWS CLI 的命令的示例。
aws opsworks describe-operating-systems
以下为响应示例。
{ "OperatingSystems": [ { "Name": "Amazon Linux", "Id": "Amazon Linux", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2014.03", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2" }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2014.09", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2014.09", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2014.09", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2015.03", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2015.03", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2015.03", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2015.09", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2015.09", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2015.09", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2016.03", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2016.03", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2016.03" }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2016.09", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2016.09", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2016.09" }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2017.03", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2017.03", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2017.03" }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2017.09", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2017.09", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2017.09" }, { "Name": "Amazon Linux 2018.03", "Id": "Amazon Linux 2018.03", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" } ], "ReportedName": "amazon", "ReportedVersion": "2018.03" }, { "Name": "CentOS Linux 7", "Id": "CentOS Linux 7", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" } ], "ReportedName": "CentOS Linux", "ReportedVersion": "7" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Base", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Base", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Express", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Express", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Standard", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Standard", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Web", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 with SQL Server Web", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2012 r2 standard", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Base", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Base", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Express", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Express", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Standard", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Standard", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Web", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 with SQL Server Web", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2019 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Base", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Base", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Express", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Express", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Standard", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Standard", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Web", "Id": "Microsoft Windows Server 2022 with SQL Server Web", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ], "ReportedName": "microsoft windows server", "ReportedVersion": "2022 datacenter" }, { "Name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7", "Id": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" } ], "ReportedName": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux", "ReportedVersion": "7" }, { "Name": "Ubuntu 12.04 LTS", "Id": "Ubuntu 12.04 LTS", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ], "ReportedName": "ubuntu", "ReportedVersion": "12.04", "Supported": false }, { "Name": "Ubuntu 14.04 LTS", "Id": "Ubuntu 14.04 LTS", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" } ], "ReportedName": "ubuntu", "ReportedVersion": "14.04" }, { "Name": "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS", "Id": "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" } ], "ReportedName": "ubuntu", "ReportedVersion": "16.04" }, { "Name": "Ubuntu 18.04 LTS", "Id": "Ubuntu 18.04 LTS", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" } ], "ReportedName": "ubuntu", "ReportedVersion": "18.04" }, { "Name": "Ubuntu 20.04 LTS", "Id": "Ubuntu 20.04 LTS", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" } ], "ReportedName": "ubuntu", "ReportedVersion": "20.04" }, { "Name": "Custom", "Id": "Custom", "Type": "Linux", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.10" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "11.4" }, { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "0.9" } ] }, { "Name": "CustomWindows", "Id": "CustomWindows", "Type": "Windows", "ConfigurationManagers": [ { "Name": "Chef", "Version": "12.2" } ] } ] }
