适用于 Java 的 AWS SDK 1.x于2025年12月31日达到支撑终止状态。我们建议您迁移到 [AWS SDK for Java 2.x](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/home.html) 以继续获得新功能、可用性改进和安全更新。

本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。

# 在 Amazon SQS 中设置可见性超时
<a name="examples-sqs-visibility-timeout"></a>

为了确保消息接收，在 Amazon SQS 中收到的消息会保留在队列中，直到被删除。在指定的*可见性超时*时间后，已接收但未删除的消息将可以在后续请求中使用，以帮助防止在对消息进行处理和删除之前重复接收消息。

**注意**  
使用[标准队列](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/SQSDeveloperGuide/standard-queues.html)时，可见性超时无法保证不会接收消息两次。如果您使用的是标准队列，请确保您的代码能够处理多次收到同一条消息的情况。

## 为单个消息设置消息可见性超时
<a name="sqs-visibility-timeout-receipt"></a>

当您收到消息时，您可以通过在 [ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/v1/reference/com/amazonaws/services/sqs/model/ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest.html) 中将消息的接收句柄传递到 AmazonSQS 类的 `changeMessageVisibility` 方法来修改其可见性超时。

 **导入**。

```
import com.amazonaws.services.sqs.AmazonSQS;
import com.amazonaws.services.sqs.AmazonSQSClientBuilder;
```

 **代码** 

```
AmazonSQS sqs = AmazonSQSClientBuilder.defaultClient();

// Get the receipt handle for the first message in the queue.
String receipt = sqs.receiveMessage(queue_url)
                    .getMessages()
                    .get(0)
                    .getReceiptHandle();

sqs.changeMessageVisibility(queue_url, receipt, timeout);
```

请参阅 GitHub 上的[完整示例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/blob/master/java/example_code/sqs/src/main/java/aws/example/sqs/VisibilityTimeout.java)。

## 一次性为多条消息设置的消息可见性超时
<a name="setting-the-message-visibility-timeout-for-multiple-messages-at-once"></a>

要一次性设置多条消息的可见性超时，请创建 [ChangeMessageVisibilityBatchRequestEntry](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/v1/reference/com/amazonaws/services/sqs/model/ChangeMessageVisibilityBatchRequestEntry.html) 对象的列表，每个对象包含唯一的 ID 和接收句柄。然后将该列表传递给 Amazon SQS 客户端类的 `changeMessageVisibilityBatch` 方法。

 **导入**。

```
import com.amazonaws.services.sqs.AmazonSQS;
import com.amazonaws.services.sqs.AmazonSQSClientBuilder;
import com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.ChangeMessageVisibilityBatchRequestEntry;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
```

 **代码** 

```
AmazonSQS sqs = AmazonSQSClientBuilder.defaultClient();

List<ChangeMessageVisibilityBatchRequestEntry> entries =
    new ArrayList<ChangeMessageVisibilityBatchRequestEntry>();

entries.add(new ChangeMessageVisibilityBatchRequestEntry(
            "unique_id_msg1",
            sqs.receiveMessage(queue_url)
               .getMessages()
               .get(0)
               .getReceiptHandle())
        .withVisibilityTimeout(timeout));

entries.add(new ChangeMessageVisibilityBatchRequestEntry(
            "unique_id_msg2",
            sqs.receiveMessage(queue_url)
               .getMessages()
               .get(0)
               .getReceiptHandle())
        .withVisibilityTimeout(timeout + 200));

sqs.changeMessageVisibilityBatch(queue_url, entries);
```

请参阅 GitHub 上的[完整示例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/blob/master/java/example_code/sqs/src/main/java/aws/example/sqs/VisibilityTimeout.java)。

## 更多信息
<a name="more-info"></a>
+  《Amazon SQS Developer Guide》中的 [Visibility Timeout](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/SQSDeveloperGuide/sqs-visibility-timeout.html)
+  《Amazon SQS API Reference》中的 [SetQueueAttributes](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_SetQueueAttributes.html)
+  《Amazon SQS API Reference》中的 [GetQueueAttributes](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_GetQueueAttributes.html)
+  《Amazon SQS API Reference》中的 [ReceiveMessage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_ReceiveMessage.html)
+  《Amazon SQS API Reference》中的 [ChangeMessageVisibility](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_ChangeMessageVisibility.html)
+  《Amazon SQS API Reference》中的 [ChangeMessageVisibilityBatch](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_ChangeMessageVisibilityBatch.html)