使用建立啟動範本 AWS CloudFormation

本節提供使用建立 Amazon EC2 啟動範本的範例 AWS CloudFormation。啟動範本可讓您建立範本，以便在其中設定和佈建 Amazon EC2 執行個體 AWS。透過啟動範本，您可以儲存啟動參數，如此一來，您就不必在每次啟動執行個體時指定這些參數。有關更多示例，請參閱AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate資源中的示例部分。

如需有關啟動範本的詳細資訊，請參閱從啟動範本啟動執行個體。

如需建立與 Auto Scaling 群組搭配使用的啟動範本的相關資訊，請參閱 Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling 使用者指南中的啟動範本。

建立指定安全性群組、標籤、使用者資料和IAM角色的啟動範本

此程式碼片段會顯示AWS:EC2:: LaunchTemplate 資源，其中包含啟動執行個體的設定資訊。您可為 ImageId、InstanceType、SecurityGroups、UserData 以及 TagSpecifications 屬性指定值。此內SecurityGroups容會指定現有的EC2安全性群組和新的安全性群組。該Ref函數獲取堆棧模板中其他地方聲myNewEC2SecurityGroup明的AWSEC2::: SecurityGroup 資源的 ID。

啟動範本包含自訂使用者資料的區段。您可以在本區段中執行個體啟動時傳入執行的組態任務和指令碼。在此範例中，使用者資料會安裝 AWS Systems Manager 代理程式並啟動代理程式。

啟動範本也包含一個IAM角色，可讓在執行個體上執行的應用程式代表您執行動作。此範例顯示啟動範本的AWSIAM::: Role 資源，此資源使用IamInstanceProfile屬性來指定IAM角色。該Ref函數獲取AWS::IAM: InstanceProfile 資源的名稱myInstanceProfile。若要設定IAM角色的權限，請指定ManagedPolicyArns內容的值。

JSON

{
  "Resources":{
    "myLaunchTemplate":{
      "Type":"AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate",
      "Properties":{
        "LaunchTemplateName":{ "Fn::Sub": "${AWS::StackName}-launch-template" },
        "LaunchTemplateData":{
          "ImageId":"ami-02354e95b3example",
          "InstanceType":"t3.micro",
          "IamInstanceProfile":{
            "Name":{
              "Ref":"myInstanceProfile"
            }
          },
          "SecurityGroupIds":[
            {
              "Ref":"myNewEC2SecurityGroup"
            },
            "sg-083cd3bfb8example"
          ],
          "UserData":{
            "Fn::Base64":{
              "Fn::Join": [
                "", [
                  "#!/bin/bash\n",
                  "cd /tmp\n",
                  "yum install -y https://s3.amazonaws.com/ec2-downloads-windows/SSMAgent/latest/linux_amd64/amazon-ssm-agent.rpm\n",
                  "systemctl enable amazon-ssm-agent\n",
                  "systemctl start amazon-ssm-agent\n"
                ]
              ]
            }
          },
          "TagSpecifications":[
            {
              "ResourceType":"instance",
              "Tags":[
                {
                  "Key":"environment",
                  "Value":"development"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "ResourceType":"volume",
              "Tags":[
                {
                  "Key":"environment",
                  "Value":"development"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    "myInstanceRole":{
      "Type":"AWS::IAM::Role",
      "Properties":{
        "RoleName":"InstanceRole",
        "AssumeRolePolicyDocument":{
          "Version":"2012-10-17",
          "Statement":[
            {
              "Effect":"Allow",
              "Principal":{
                "Service":[
                  "ec2.amazonaws.com"
                ]
              },
              "Action":[
                "sts:AssumeRole"
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "ManagedPolicyArns":[
          "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/myCustomerManagedPolicy"
        ]
      }
    },
    "myInstanceProfile":{
      "Type":"AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile",
      "Properties":{
        "Path":"/",
        "Roles":[
          {
            "Ref":"myInstanceRole"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
} 

YAML

---
Resources:
  myLaunchTemplate:
    Type: AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate
    Properties:
      LaunchTemplateName: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-launch-template
      LaunchTemplateData:
        ImageId: ami-02354e95b3example
        InstanceType: t3.micro
        IamInstanceProfile:
          Name: !Ref myInstanceProfile
        SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref myNewEC2SecurityGroup
        - sg-083cd3bfb8example
        UserData:
          Fn::Base64: !Sub |
            #!/bin/bash
            cd /tmp
            yum install -y https://s3.amazonaws.com/ec2-downloads-windows/SSMAgent/latest/linux_amd64/amazon-ssm-agent.rpm
            systemctl enable amazon-ssm-agent
            systemctl start amazon-ssm-agent
        TagSpecifications:
        - ResourceType: instance
          Tags:
          - Key: environment
            Value: development
        - ResourceType: volume
          Tags:
          - Key: environment
            Value: development
  myInstanceRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      RoleName: InstanceRole
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: '2012-10-17'
        Statement:
        - Effect: 'Allow'
          Principal:
            Service:
            - 'ec2.amazonaws.com'
          Action:
          - 'sts:AssumeRole'
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/myCustomerManagedPolicy'
  myInstanceProfile:
    Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile
    Properties:
      Path: '/'
      Roles:
      - !Ref myInstanceRole