管理警報通知 - AWS IoT Events
建立 Lambda 函數

本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

管理警報通知

AWS IoT Events使用 Lambda 函數來管理警示通知。您可以使用提供的 Lambda 函數，AWS IoT Events也可以建立新函數。

建立 Lambda 函數

AWS IoT Events提供 Lambda 函數，可讓警示傳送和接收電子郵件和簡訊通知。

請求

當您建立警示的 Lambda 函數時，適用下列需求：

  • 如果您的警示傳送電子郵件或簡訊通知，您必須擁有可AWS Lambda與 Amazon SES 和 Amazon SNS 搭配使用的 IAM 角色。

    範例政策：

    {
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "ses:GetIdentityVerificationAttributes",
                "ses:SendEmail",
                "ses:VerifyEmailIdentity"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "sns:Publish",
                "sns:OptInPhoneNumber",
                "sns:CheckIfPhoneNumberIsOptedOut"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Deny",
            "Action": [
                "sns:Publish"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:sns:*:*:*"
        }
    ]
}

  • 您必須為AWS IoT Events和選擇相同的「AWS區域」AWS Lambda。如需支援的區域清單，請參閱 AWS IoT EventsAmazon Web Services 一般參考. AWS Lambda

部署一個 Lambda 函數

本教學課程使用AWS CloudFormation範本來部署 Lambda 函數。此範本會自動建立 IAM 角色，讓 Lambda 函數與 Amazon SES 和 Amazon SNS 搭配使用。

以下說明如何使用 AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) 建立 CloudFormation 堆疊。

  1. 在設備的終端中，運行aws --version以檢查是否已安裝AWS CLI. 如需詳細資訊，請參閱《AWS Command Line Interface 使用者指南》中的安裝 AWS CLI。

  2. 運行aws configure list以檢查您是否在AWS區域AWS CLI中配置了具有本教程的所有AWS資源。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《使用指南》AWS CLI中的AWS Command Line Interface〈配置〉

  3. 下載 CloudFormation 模板，通知。。模板。

    注意

    如果您在下載檔案時遇到困難，也可以在中使用該範本CloudFormation 範本。

  4. 解壓縮內容並以 notificationLambda.template.yaml 儲存在本機。

  5. 開啟裝置上的終端機，然後瀏覽至下載notificationLambda.template.yaml檔案的目錄。

  6. 若要建立 CloudFormation 堆疊，請執行下列命令：

    aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name notificationLambda-stack --template-body file://notificationLambda.template.yaml --capabilities CAPABILITY_IAM

您可以修改此 CloudFormation 範本以自訂 Lambda 函數及其行為。

注意

AWS Lambda重試函數錯誤兩次。如果函式沒有足夠的容量來處理所有傳入的請求，事件可能在佇列中等待數小時或數天才會傳送到函式。您可以在函數上設定未傳遞訊息佇列 (DLQ)，以擷取未成功處理的事件。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 AWS Lambda 開發人員指南中的非同步叫用。

您也可以在 CloudFormation 主控台中建立或設定堆疊。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《使用指南》中的〈AWS CloudFormation使用堆疊〉。

建立自訂 Lambda 函數

您可以建立 Lambda 函數或修改提供的函數AWS IoT Events。

當您建立自訂 Lambda 函數時，需符合下列需求。

  • 新增允許 Lambda 函數執行指定動作和存取AWS資源的權限。

  • 如果您使用由提供的 Lambda 函數AWS IoT Events，請務必選擇 Python 3.7 執行階段。

示例 Lambda 函數：

import boto3
import json
import logging
import datetime
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
ses = boto3.client('ses')
sns = boto3.client('sns')
def check_value(target):
  if target:
    return True
  return False

# Check whether email is verified. Only verified emails are allowed to send emails to or from.
def check_email(email):
  if not check_value(email):
    return False
  result = ses.get_identity_verification_attributes(Identities=[email])
  attr = result['VerificationAttributes']
  if (email not in attr or attr[email]['VerificationStatus'] != 'Success'):
      logging.info('Verification email for {} sent. You must have all the emails verified before sending email.'.format(email))
      ses.verify_email_identity(EmailAddress=email)
      return False
  return True

# Check whether the phone holder has opted out of receiving SMS messages from your account
def check_phone_number(phone_number):
  try:
    result = sns.check_if_phone_number_is_opted_out(phoneNumber=phone_number)
    if (result['isOptedOut']):
        logger.info('phoneNumber {} is not opt in of receiving SMS messages. Phone number must be opt in first.'.format(phone_number))
        return False
    return True
  except Exception as e:
    logging.error('Your phone number {} must be in E.164 format in SSO. Exception thrown: {}'.format(phone_number, e))
    return False

def check_emails(emails):
  result = True
  for email in emails:
      if not check_email(email):
          result = False
  return result

def lambda_handler(event, context):
  logging.info('Received event: ' + json.dumps(event))
  nep = json.loads(event.get('notificationEventPayload'))
  alarm_state = nep['alarmState']
  default_msg = 'Alarm ' + alarm_state['stateName'] + '\n'
  timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(float(nep['stateUpdateTime'])/1000).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
  alarm_msg = "{} {} {} at {} UTC ".format(nep['alarmModelName'], nep.get('keyValue', 'Singleton'), alarm_state['stateName'], timestamp)
  default_msg += 'Sev: ' + str(nep['severity']) + '\n'
  if (alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']):
    property = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['inputProperty']
    default_msg += 'Current Value: ' + str(property) + '\n'
    operator = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['operator']
    threshold = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['threshold']
    alarm_msg += '({} {} {})'.format(str(property), operator, str(threshold))
  default_msg += alarm_msg + '\n'

  emails = event.get('emailConfigurations', [])
  logger.info('Start Sending Emails')
  for email in emails:
    from_adr = email.get('from')
    to_adrs = email.get('to', [])
    cc_adrs = email.get('cc', [])
    bcc_adrs = email.get('bcc', [])
    msg = default_msg + '\n' + email.get('additionalMessage', '')
    subject = email.get('subject', alarm_msg)
    fa_ver = check_email(from_adr)
    tas_ver = check_emails(to_adrs)
    ccas_ver = check_emails(cc_adrs)
    bccas_ver = check_emails(bcc_adrs)
    if (fa_ver and tas_ver and ccas_ver and bccas_ver):
      ses.send_email(Source=from_adr,
                     Destination={'ToAddresses': to_adrs, 'CcAddresses': cc_adrs, 'BccAddresses': bcc_adrs},
                     Message={'Subject': {'Data': subject}, 'Body': {'Text': {'Data': msg}}})
      logger.info('Emails have been sent')

  logger.info('Start Sending SNS message to SMS')
  sns_configs = event.get('smsConfigurations', [])
  for sns_config in sns_configs:
    sns_msg = default_msg + '\n' + sns_config.get('additionalMessage', '')
    phone_numbers = sns_config.get('phoneNumbers', [])
    sender_id = sns_config.get('senderId')
    for phone_number in phone_numbers:
        if check_phone_number(phone_number):
          if check_value(sender_id):
            sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg, MessageAttributes={'AWS.SNS.SMS.SenderID':{'DataType': 'String','StringValue': sender_id}})
          else:
            sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg)
          logger.info('SNS messages have been sent')

如需詳細資訊，請參閱《AWS Lambda 開發人員指南》中的什麼是 AWS Lambda？章節。

CloudFormation 範本

使用下列 CloudFormation 範本建立您的 Lambda 函數。

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Description: 'Notification Lambda for Alarm Model'
Resources:
  NotificationLambdaRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Statement:
          - Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service: lambda.amazonaws.com
            Action: sts:AssumeRole
      Path: "/"
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AWSLambdaExecute'
      Policies:
        - PolicyName: "NotificationLambda"
          PolicyDocument:
            Version: "2012-10-17"
            Statement:
              - Effect: "Allow"
                Action:
                  - "ses:GetIdentityVerificationAttributes"
                  - "ses:SendEmail"
                  - "ses:VerifyEmailIdentity"
                Resource: "*"
              - Effect: "Allow"
                Action:
                  - "sns:Publish"
                  - "sns:OptInPhoneNumber"
                  - "sns:CheckIfPhoneNumberIsOptedOut"
                Resource: "*"
              - Effect: "Deny"
                Action:
                  - "sns:Publish"
                Resource: "arn:aws:sns:*:*:*"
  NotificationLambdaFunction:
    Type: AWS::Lambda::Function
    Properties:
      Role: !GetAtt NotificationLambdaRole.Arn
      Runtime: python3.7
      Handler: index.lambda_handler
      Timeout: 300
      MemorySize: 3008
      Code:
        ZipFile: |
          import boto3
          import json
          import logging
          import datetime
          logger = logging.getLogger()
          logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
          ses = boto3.client('ses')
          sns = boto3.client('sns')
          def check_value(target):
            if target:
              return True
            return False

          # Check whether email is verified. Only verified emails are allowed to send emails to or from.
          def check_email(email):
            if not check_value(email):
              return False
            result = ses.get_identity_verification_attributes(Identities=[email])
            attr = result['VerificationAttributes']
            if (email not in attr or attr[email]['VerificationStatus'] != 'Success'):
                logging.info('Verification email for {} sent. You must have all the emails verified before sending email.'.format(email))
                ses.verify_email_identity(EmailAddress=email)
                return False
            return True

          # Check whether the phone holder has opted out of receiving SMS messages from your account
          def check_phone_number(phone_number):
            try:
              result = sns.check_if_phone_number_is_opted_out(phoneNumber=phone_number)
              if (result['isOptedOut']):
                  logger.info('phoneNumber {} is not opt in of receiving SMS messages. Phone number must be opt in first.'.format(phone_number))
                  return False
              return True
            except Exception as e:
              logging.error('Your phone number {} must be in E.164 format in SSO. Exception thrown: {}'.format(phone_number, e))
              return False

          def check_emails(emails):
            result = True
            for email in emails:
                if not check_email(email):
                    result = False
            return result

          def lambda_handler(event, context):
            logging.info('Received event: ' + json.dumps(event))
            nep = json.loads(event.get('notificationEventPayload'))
            alarm_state = nep['alarmState']
            default_msg = 'Alarm ' + alarm_state['stateName'] + '\n'
            timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(float(nep['stateUpdateTime'])/1000).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            alarm_msg = "{} {} {} at {} UTC ".format(nep['alarmModelName'], nep.get('keyValue', 'Singleton'), alarm_state['stateName'], timestamp)
            default_msg += 'Sev: ' + str(nep['severity']) + '\n'
            if (alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']):
              property = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['inputProperty']
              default_msg += 'Current Value: ' + str(property) + '\n'
              operator = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['operator']
              threshold = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['threshold']
              alarm_msg += '({} {} {})'.format(str(property), operator, str(threshold))
            default_msg += alarm_msg + '\n'

            emails = event.get('emailConfigurations', [])
            logger.info('Start Sending Emails')
            for email in emails:
              from_adr = email.get('from')
              to_adrs = email.get('to', [])
              cc_adrs = email.get('cc', [])
              bcc_adrs = email.get('bcc', [])
              msg = default_msg + '\n' + email.get('additionalMessage', '')
              subject = email.get('subject', alarm_msg)
              fa_ver = check_email(from_adr)
              tas_ver = check_emails(to_adrs)
              ccas_ver = check_emails(cc_adrs)
              bccas_ver = check_emails(bcc_adrs)
              if (fa_ver and tas_ver and ccas_ver and bccas_ver):
                ses.send_email(Source=from_adr,
                               Destination={'ToAddresses': to_adrs, 'CcAddresses': cc_adrs, 'BccAddresses': bcc_adrs},
                               Message={'Subject': {'Data': subject}, 'Body': {'Text': {'Data': msg}}})
                logger.info('Emails have been sent')

            logger.info('Start Sending SNS message to SMS')
            sns_configs = event.get('smsConfigurations', [])
            for sns_config in sns_configs:
              sns_msg = default_msg + '\n' + sns_config.get('additionalMessage', '')
              phone_numbers = sns_config.get('phoneNumbers', [])
              sender_id = sns_config.get('senderId')
              for phone_number in phone_numbers:
                  if check_phone_number(phone_number):
                    if check_value(sender_id):
                      sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg, MessageAttributes={'AWS.SNS.SMS.SenderID':{'DataType': 'String','StringValue': sender_id}})
                    else:
                      sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg)
                    logger.info('SNS messages have been sent')