SendMessage - Amazon Simple Queue Service
Request SyntaxRequest ParametersResponse SyntaxResponse ElementsErrorsExamplesSee Also

SendMessage

Delivers a message to the specified queue.

Important

A message can include only XML, JSON, and unformatted text. The following Unicode characters are allowed. For more information, see the W3C specification for characters.

#x9 | #xA | #xD | #x20 to #xD7FF | #xE000 to #xFFFD | #x10000 to #x10FFFF

Amazon SQS does not throw an exception or completely reject the message if it contains invalid characters. Instead, it replaces those invalid characters with U+FFFD before storing the message in the queue, as long as the message body contains at least one valid character.

Request Syntax

{
   "DelaySeconds": number,
   "MessageAttributes": { 
      "string" : { 
         "BinaryListValues": [ blob ],
         "BinaryValue": blob,
         "DataType": "string",
         "StringListValues": [ "string" ],
         "StringValue": "string"
      }
   },
   "MessageBody": "string",
   "MessageDeduplicationId": "string",
   "MessageGroupId": "string",
   "MessageSystemAttributes": { 
      "string" : { 
         "BinaryListValues": [ blob ],
         "BinaryValue": blob,
         "DataType": "string",
         "StringListValues": [ "string" ],
         "StringValue": "string"
      }
   },
   "QueueUrl": "string"
}

Request Parameters

For information about the parameters that are common to all actions, see Common Parameters.

The request accepts the following data in JSON format.

DelaySeconds

The length of time, in seconds, for which to delay a specific message. Valid values: 0 to 900. Maximum: 15 minutes. Messages with a positive DelaySeconds value become available for processing after the delay period is finished. If you don't specify a value, the default value for the queue applies.

Note

When you set FifoQueue, you can't set DelaySeconds per message. You can set this parameter only on a queue level.

Type: Integer

Required: No

MessageAttributes

Each message attribute consists of a Name, Type, and Value. For more information, see Amazon SQS message attributes in the Amazon SQS Developer Guide.

Type: String to MessageAttributeValue object map

Required: No

MessageBody

The message to send. The minimum size is one character. The maximum size is 256 KiB.

Important

A message can include only XML, JSON, and unformatted text. The following Unicode characters are allowed. For more information, see the W3C specification for characters.

#x9 | #xA | #xD | #x20 to #xD7FF | #xE000 to #xFFFD | #x10000 to #x10FFFF

Amazon SQS does not throw an exception or completely reject the message if it contains invalid characters. Instead, it replaces those invalid characters with U+FFFD before storing the message in the queue, as long as the message body contains at least one valid character.

Type: String

Required: Yes

MessageDeduplicationId

This parameter applies only to FIFO (first-in-first-out) queues.

The token used for deduplication of sent messages. If a message with a particular MessageDeduplicationId is sent successfully, any messages sent with the same MessageDeduplicationId are accepted successfully but aren't delivered during the 5-minute deduplication interval. For more information, see Exactly-once processing in the Amazon SQS Developer Guide.

  • Every message must have a unique MessageDeduplicationId,

    • You may provide a MessageDeduplicationId explicitly.

    • If you aren't able to provide a MessageDeduplicationId and you enable ContentBasedDeduplication for your queue, Amazon SQS uses a SHA-256 hash to generate the MessageDeduplicationId using the body of the message (but not the attributes of the message).

    • If you don't provide a MessageDeduplicationId and the queue doesn't have ContentBasedDeduplication set, the action fails with an error.

    • If the queue has ContentBasedDeduplication set, your MessageDeduplicationId overrides the generated one.

  • When ContentBasedDeduplication is in effect, messages with identical content sent within the deduplication interval are treated as duplicates and only one copy of the message is delivered.

  • If you send one message with ContentBasedDeduplication enabled and then another message with a MessageDeduplicationId that is the same as the one generated for the first MessageDeduplicationId, the two messages are treated as duplicates and only one copy of the message is delivered.

Note

The MessageDeduplicationId is available to the consumer of the message (this can be useful for troubleshooting delivery issues).

If a message is sent successfully but the acknowledgement is lost and the message is resent with the same MessageDeduplicationId after the deduplication interval, Amazon SQS can't detect duplicate messages.

Amazon SQS continues to keep track of the message deduplication ID even after the message is received and deleted.

The maximum length of MessageDeduplicationId is 128 characters. MessageDeduplicationId can contain alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and punctuation (!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~).

For best practices of using MessageDeduplicationId, see Using the MessageDeduplicationId Property in the Amazon SQS Developer Guide.

Type: String

Required: No

MessageGroupId

This parameter applies only to FIFO (first-in-first-out) queues.

The tag that specifies that a message belongs to a specific message group. Messages that belong to the same message group are processed in a FIFO manner (however, messages in different message groups might be processed out of order). To interleave multiple ordered streams within a single queue, use MessageGroupId values (for example, session data for multiple users). In this scenario, multiple consumers can process the queue, but the session data of each user is processed in a FIFO fashion.

  • You must associate a non-empty MessageGroupId with a message. If you don't provide a MessageGroupId, the action fails.

  • ReceiveMessage might return messages with multiple MessageGroupId values. For each MessageGroupId, the messages are sorted by time sent. The caller can't specify a MessageGroupId.

The maximum length of MessageGroupId is 128 characters. Valid values: alphanumeric characters and punctuation (!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~).

For best practices of using MessageGroupId, see Using the MessageGroupId Property in the Amazon SQS Developer Guide.

Important

MessageGroupId is required for FIFO queues. You can't use it for Standard queues.

Type: String

Required: No

MessageSystemAttributes

The message system attribute to send. Each message system attribute consists of a Name, Type, and Value.

Important

  • Currently, the only supported message system attribute is AWSTraceHeader. Its type must be String and its value must be a correctly formatted AWS X-Ray trace header string.

  • The size of a message system attribute doesn't count towards the total size of a message.

Type: String to MessageSystemAttributeValue object map

Valid Keys: AWSTraceHeader

Required: No

QueueUrl

The URL of the Amazon SQS queue to which a message is sent.

Queue URLs and names are case-sensitive.

Type: String

Required: Yes

Response Syntax

{
   "MD5OfMessageAttributes": "string",
   "MD5OfMessageBody": "string",
   "MD5OfMessageSystemAttributes": "string",
   "MessageId": "string",
   "SequenceNumber": "string"
}

Response Elements

If the action is successful, the service sends back an HTTP 200 response.

The following data is returned in JSON format by the service.

MD5OfMessageAttributes

An MD5 digest of the non-URL-encoded message attribute string. You can use this attribute to verify that Amazon SQS received the message correctly. Amazon SQS URL-decodes the message before creating the MD5 digest. For information about MD5, see RFC1321.

Type: String

MD5OfMessageBody

An MD5 digest of the non-URL-encoded message body string. You can use this attribute to verify that Amazon SQS received the message correctly. Amazon SQS URL-decodes the message before creating the MD5 digest. For information about MD5, see RFC1321.

Type: String

MD5OfMessageSystemAttributes

An MD5 digest of the non-URL-encoded message system attribute string. You can use this attribute to verify that Amazon SQS received the message correctly. Amazon SQS URL-decodes the message before creating the MD5 digest.

Type: String

MessageId

An attribute containing the MessageId of the message sent to the queue. For more information, see Queue and Message Identifiers in the Amazon SQS Developer Guide.

Type: String

SequenceNumber

This parameter applies only to FIFO (first-in-first-out) queues.

The large, non-consecutive number that Amazon SQS assigns to each message.

The length of SequenceNumber is 128 bits. SequenceNumber continues to increase for a particular MessageGroupId.

Type: String

Errors

For information about the errors that are common to all actions, see Common Errors.

InvalidAddress

The specified ID is invalid.

HTTP Status Code: 400

InvalidMessageContents

The message contains characters outside the allowed set.

HTTP Status Code: 400

InvalidSecurity

The request was not made over HTTPS or did not use SigV4 for signing.

HTTP Status Code: 400

KmsAccessDenied

The caller doesn't have the required KMS access.

HTTP Status Code: 400

KmsDisabled

The request was denied due to request throttling.

HTTP Status Code: 400

KmsInvalidKeyUsage

The request was rejected for one of the following reasons:

  • The KeyUsage value of the KMS key is incompatible with the API operation.

  • The encryption algorithm or signing algorithm specified for the operation is incompatible with the type of key material in the KMS key (KeySpec).

HTTP Status Code: 400

KmsInvalidState

The request was rejected because the state of the specified resource is not valid for this request.

HTTP Status Code: 400

KmsNotFound

The request was rejected because the specified entity or resource could not be found.

HTTP Status Code: 400

KmsOptInRequired

The request was rejected because the specified key policy isn't syntactically or semantically correct.

HTTP Status Code: 400

KmsThrottled

AWS KMS throttles requests for the following conditions.

HTTP Status Code: 400

QueueDoesNotExist

Ensure that the QueueUrl is correct and that the queue has not been deleted.

HTTP Status Code: 400

RequestThrottled

The request was denied due to request throttling.

  • Exceeds the permitted request rate for the queue or for the recipient of the request.

  • Ensure that the request rate is within the Amazon SQS limits for sending messages. For more information, see Amazon SQS quotas in the Amazon SQS Developer Guide.

HTTP Status Code: 400

UnsupportedOperation

Error code 400. Unsupported operation.

HTTP Status Code: 400

Examples

The following example SendMessage request sends a message containing This is a test message to the queue. You must URL-encode the entire URL. However, in this example only the message body is URL-encoded to make the example easier to read. The structure of AUTHPARAMS depends on the signature of the API request. For more information, see Examples of Signed Signature Version 4 Requests in the AWS General Reference.

Example

Using AWS JSON protocol (Default)

Sample Request

POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
X-Amz-Target: AmazonSQS.SendMessage
X-Amz-Date: <Date>
Content-Type: application/x-amz-json-1.0
Authorization: <AuthParams>
Content-Length: <PayloadSizeBytes>
Connection: Keep-Alive 
{
    "QueueUrl": "https://sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/177715257436/MyQueue/",
    "MessageBody": "This is a test message",
    "MessageAttributes": {
        "my_attribute_name_1": {
            "DataType": "String",
            "StringValue": "my_attribute_value_1"
        },
        "my_attribute_name_2": {
            "DataType": "String",
            "StringValue": "my_attribute_value_2"
        }
    }
}

Sample Response

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
x-amzn-RequestId: <requestId>
Content-Length: <PayloadSizeBytes>
Date: <Date>
Content-Type: application/x-amz-json-1.0
{
    "MD5OfMessageAttributes": "c48838208d2b4e14e3ca0093a8443f09",
    "MD5OfMessageBody": "fafb00f5732ab283681e124bf8747ed1",
    "MessageId": "219f8380-5770-4cc2-8c3e-5c715e145f5e"
}

Example

Using AWS query protocol

Sample Request

POST /177715257436/MyQueue/ HTTP/1.1
Host: sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
X-Amz-Date: <Date>
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Authorization: <AuthParams>
Content-Length: <PayloadSizeBytes>
Connection: Keep-Alive
Action=SendMessage
&MessageBody=This+is+a+test+message
&MessageAttribute.1.Name=my_attribute_name_1
&MessageAttribute.1.Value.StringValue=my_attribute_value_1
&MessageAttribute.1.Value.DataType=String
&MessageAttribute.2.Name=my_attribute_name_2
&MessageAttribute.2.Value.StringValue=my_attribute_value_2
&MessageAttribute.2.Value.DataType=String

Sample Response

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<SendMessageResponse xmlns="http://queue.amazonaws.com/doc/2012-11-05/">
    <SendMessageResult>
        <MessageId>374cec7b-d0c8-4a2e-ad0b-67be763cf97e</MessageId>
        <MD5OfMessageBody>fafb00f5732ab283681e124bf8747ed1</MD5OfMessageBody>
        <MD5OfMessageAttributes>c48838208d2b4e14e3ca0093a8443f09</MD5OfMessageAttributes>
    </SendMessageResult>
    <ResponseMetadata>
        <RequestId>7fe4446e-b452-53f7-8f85-181e06f2dd99</RequestId>
    </ResponseMetadata>
</SendMessageResponse>

Example

The following example creates a message timer—applying a 45-second initial visibility delay to a single message— by calling the SendMessage action with the DelaySeconds parameter set to 45 seconds.

Note

Queue URLs and names are case-sensitive.

Using AWS JSON protocol (Default)

Sample Request

POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
X-Amz-Target: AmazonSQS.SendMessage
X-Amz-Date: <Date>
Content-Type: application/x-amz-json-1.0
Authorization: <AuthParams>
Content-Length: <PayloadSizeBytes>
Connection: Keep-Alive 
{
    "QueueUrl": "https://sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/177715257436/MyQueue/",
    "MessageBody": "This is a test message",
    "DelaySeconds": 45
}

Example

Using AWS query protocol

Sample Request

POST /177715257436/MyQueue/ HTTP/1.1
Host: sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
X-Amz-Date: <Date>
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Authorization: <AuthParams>
Content-Length: <PayloadSizeBytes>
Connection: Keep-Alive
Action=SendMessage
&MessageBody=This+is+a+test+message
&DelaySeconds=45

See Also

For more information about using this API in one of the language-specific AWS SDKs, see the following: