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User Guide for Aurora (API Version 2014-10-31)

AWS Documentation » Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) » User Guide for Aurora » Monitoring an Amazon Aurora DB Cluster » Using Amazon RDS Performance Insights

Using Amazon RDS Performance Insights

Amazon RDS Performance Insights monitors your Amazon RDS DB instance load so that you can analyze and troubleshoot your database performance. Amazon RDS Performance Insights is currently available for use with the following DB engines:

  • Amazon Aurora with MySQL compatibility version 2.04.2 and higher 2.x versions (compatible with MySQL 5.7)

  • Amazon Aurora with MySQL compatibility version 1.17.3 and higher 1.x versions (compatible with MySQL 5.6)

  • Amazon Aurora with PostgreSQL compatibility

  • Amazon RDS for MariaDB version 10.2.21 and higher 10.2 versions

  • Amazon RDS for MySQL version 5.7.22 and higher 5.7 versions, and version 5.6.41 and higher 5.6 versions

  • Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server (all versions except SQL Server 2008)

  • Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL version 10 and 11

  • Amazon RDS for Oracle (all versions)

Note

Amazon RDS Performance Insights is not supported for MariaDB version 10.0, 10.1, or 10.3, or for MySQL version 5.5 or 8.0.

For Amazon RDS for MariaDB and MySQL, Performance Insights is not supported on the following DB instance classes: db.t2.micro, db.t2.small, db.t3.micro, and db.t3.small.

On Aurora MySQL, Performance Insights is not supported on db.t2 or db.t3 DB instance classes.

Performance Insights is not supported for Aurora MySQL DB clusters enabled for parallel query.

Performance Insights expands on existing Amazon RDS monitoring features to illustrate your database's performance and help you analyze any issues that affect it. With the Performance Insights dashboard, you can visualize the database load and filter the load by waits, SQL statements, hosts, or users.

Performance Insights is on by default in the console create wizard for all DB engines that work with Amazon RDS. If you have more than one database on a DB instance, performance data for all of the databases is aggregated for the DB instance.

The central metric for Performance Insights is DB Load, which represents the average number of active sessions for the DB engine. The DB Load metric is collected every second. An active session is a connection that has submitted work to the DB engine and is waiting for a response from it. For example, if you submit a SQL query to the DB engine, the database session is active while the DB engine is processing that query.

By combining DB Load with wait event data, you can get a complete picture of the state for an active session. Wait events vary by DB engine:

Session information is collected, aggregated, and displayed in the dashboard as the Average Active Sessions chart. The Average Active Sessions chart displays the Max CPU value as a line, so you can see if active sessions are exceeding it or not. The Max CPU value is determined by the number of vCPU (virtual CPU) cores for your DB instance.

If the load in the Average Active Sessions chart is often above the Max CPU line and the primary wait state is CPU, the system CPU is overloaded. In these cases, you might want to throttle connections to the instance, tune any SQL queries with a high CPU load, or consider a larger instance class. High and consistent instances of any wait state indicate that there might be bottlenecks or resource contention issues to resolve. This can be true even if the load doesn't cross the Max CPU line.

You can find an overview of Performance Insights in the following video.

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