Package software.amazon.awscdk.services.kms

package software.amazon.awscdk.services.kms

AWS Key Management Service Construct Library

Define a KMS key: 

 Key.Builder.create(this, "MyKey")
         .enableKeyRotation(true)
         .build();

Define a KMS key with waiting period:

Specifies the number of days in the waiting period before AWS KMS deletes a CMK that has been removed from a CloudFormation stack. 

 Key key = Key.Builder.create(this, "MyKey")
         .pendingWindow(Duration.days(10))
         .build();

Add a couple of aliases: 

 Key key = new Key(this, "MyKey");
 key.addAlias("alias/foo");
 key.addAlias("alias/bar");

Define a key with specific key spec and key usage:

Valid keySpec values depends on keyUsage value. 

 Key key = Key.Builder.create(this, "MyKey")
         .keySpec(KeySpec.ECC_SECG_P256K1) // Default to SYMMETRIC_DEFAULT
         .keyUsage(KeyUsage.SIGN_VERIFY)
         .build();

Sharing keys between stacks

To use a KMS key in a different stack in the same CDK application, pass the construct to the other stack: 

 /**
  * Stack that defines the key
  */
 public class KeyStack extends Stack {
     public final Key key;
 
     public KeyStack(App scope, String id) {
         this(scope, id, null);
     }
 
     public KeyStack(App scope, String id, StackProps props) {
         super(scope, id, props);
         this.key = Key.Builder.create(this, "MyKey").removalPolicy(RemovalPolicy.DESTROY).build();
     }
 }
 
 public class UseStackProps extends StackProps {
     private IKey key;
     public IKey getKey() {
         return this.key;
     }
     public UseStackProps key(IKey key) {
         this.key = key;
         return this;
     }
 }
 
 /**
  * Stack that uses the key
  */
 public class UseStack extends Stack {
     public UseStack(App scope, String id, UseStackProps props) {
         super(scope, id, props);
 
         // Use the IKey object here.
         // Use the IKey object here.
         Alias.Builder.create(this, "Alias")
                 .aliasName("alias/foo")
                 .targetKey(props.getKey())
                 .build();
     }
 }
 
 KeyStack keyStack = new KeyStack(app, "KeyStack");
 new UseStack(app, "UseStack", new UseStackProps().key(keyStack.getKey()));

Importing existing keys

Import key by ARN

To use a KMS key that is not defined in this CDK app, but is created through other means, use Key.fromKeyArn(parent, name, ref): 

 IKey myKeyImported = Key.fromKeyArn(this, "MyImportedKey", "arn:aws:...");
 
 // you can do stuff with this imported key.
 myKeyImported.addAlias("alias/foo");

Note that a call to .addToResourcePolicy(statement) on myKeyImported will not have an affect on the key's policy because it is not owned by your stack. The call will be a no-op.

Import key by alias

If a Key has an associated Alias, the Alias can be imported by name and used in place of the Key as a reference. A common scenario for this is in referencing AWS managed keys. 

 import software.amazon.awscdk.services.cloudtrail.*;
 
 
 IAlias myKeyAlias = Alias.fromAliasName(this, "myKey", "alias/aws/s3");
 Trail trail = Trail.Builder.create(this, "myCloudTrail")
         .sendToCloudWatchLogs(true)
         .encryptionKey(myKeyAlias)
         .build();

Note that calls to addToResourcePolicy and grant* methods on myKeyAlias will be no-ops, and addAlias and aliasTargetKey will fail, as the imported alias does not have a reference to the underlying KMS Key.

Lookup key by alias

If you can't use a KMS key imported by alias (e.g. because you need access to the key id), you can lookup the key with Key.fromLookup().

In general, the preferred method would be to use Alias.fromAliasName() which returns an IAlias object which extends IKey. However, some services need to have access to the underlying key id. In this case, Key.fromLookup() allows to lookup the key id.

The result of the Key.fromLookup() operation will be written to a file called cdk.context.json. You must commit this file to source control so that the lookup values are available in non-privileged environments such as CI build steps, and to ensure your template builds are repeatable.

Here's how Key.fromLookup() can be used: 

 IKey myKeyLookup = Key.fromLookup(this, "MyKeyLookup", KeyLookupOptions.builder()
         .aliasName("alias/KeyAlias")
         .build());
 
 Role role = Role.Builder.create(this, "MyRole")
         .assumedBy(new ServicePrincipal("lambda.amazonaws.com"))
         .build();
 myKeyLookup.grantEncryptDecrypt(role);

Note that a call to .addToResourcePolicy(statement) on myKeyLookup will not have an affect on the key's policy because it is not owned by your stack. The call will be a no-op.

Key Policies

Controlling access and usage of KMS Keys requires the use of key policies (resource-based policies attached to the key); this is in contrast to most other AWS resources where access can be entirely controlled with IAM policies, and optionally complemented with resource policies. For more in-depth understanding of KMS key access and policies, see

  • https://docs.aws.amazon.com/kms/latest/developerguide/control-access-overview.html
  • https://docs.aws.amazon.com/kms/latest/developerguide/key-policies.html

KMS keys can be created to trust IAM policies. This is the default behavior for both the KMS APIs and in the console. This behavior is enabled by the '@aws-cdk/aws-kms:defaultKeyPolicies' feature flag, which is set for all new projects; for existing projects, this same behavior can be enabled by passing the trustAccountIdentities property as true when creating the key: 

 Key.Builder.create(this, "MyKey").trustAccountIdentities(true).build();

With either the @aws-cdk/aws-kms:defaultKeyPolicies feature flag set, or the trustAccountIdentities prop set, the Key will be given the following default key policy: 

 {
   "Effect": "Allow",
   "Principal": {"AWS": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:root"},
   "Action": "kms:*",
   "Resource": "*"
 }

This policy grants full access to the key to the root account user. This enables the root account user -- via IAM policies -- to grant access to other IAM principals. With the above default policy, future permissions can be added to either the key policy or IAM principal policy. 

 Key key = new Key(this, "MyKey");
 User user = new User(this, "MyUser");
 key.grantEncrypt(user);

Adopting the default KMS key policy (and so trusting account identities) solves many issues around cyclic dependencies between stacks. Without this default key policy, future permissions must be added to both the key policy and IAM principal policy, which can cause cyclic dependencies if the permissions cross stack boundaries. (For example, an encrypted bucket in one stack, and Lambda function that accesses it in another.)

Appending to or replacing the default key policy

The default key policy can be amended or replaced entirely, depending on your use case and requirements. A common addition to the key policy would be to add other key admins that are allowed to administer the key (e.g., change permissions, revoke, delete). Additional key admins can be specified at key creation or after via the grantAdmin method. 

 IRole myTrustedAdminRole = Role.fromRoleArn(this, "TrustedRole", "arn:aws:iam:....");
 Key key = Key.Builder.create(this, "MyKey")
         .admins(List.of(myTrustedAdminRole))
         .build();
 
 Key secondKey = new Key(this, "MyKey2");
 secondKey.grantAdmin(myTrustedAdminRole);

Alternatively, a custom key policy can be specified, which will replace the default key policy.

Note: In applications without the '@aws-cdk/aws-kms:defaultKeyPolicies' feature flag set and with trustedAccountIdentities set to false (the default), specifying a policy at key creation appends the provided policy to the default key policy, rather than replacing the default policy. 

 IRole myTrustedAdminRole = Role.fromRoleArn(this, "TrustedRole", "arn:aws:iam:....");
 // Creates a limited admin policy and assigns to the account root.
 PolicyDocument myCustomPolicy = PolicyDocument.Builder.create()
         .statements(List.of(PolicyStatement.Builder.create()
                 .actions(List.of("kms:Create*", "kms:Describe*", "kms:Enable*", "kms:List*", "kms:Put*"))
                 .principals(List.of(new AccountRootPrincipal()))
                 .resources(List.of("*"))
                 .build()))
         .build();
 Key key = Key.Builder.create(this, "MyKey")
         .policy(myCustomPolicy)
         .build();

Warning: Replacing the default key policy with one that only grants access to a specific user or role runs the risk of the key becoming unmanageable if that user or role is deleted. It is highly recommended that the key policy grants access to the account root, rather than specific principals. See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/kms/latest/developerguide/key-policies.html for more information.

HMAC specific key policies

HMAC keys have a different key policy than other KMS keys. They have a policy for generating and for verifying a MAC. The respective policies can be attached to a principal via the grantGenerateMac and grantVerifyMac methods. 

 Key key = new Key(this, "MyKey");
 User user = new User(this, "MyUser");
 key.grantGenerateMac(user); // Adds 'kms:GenerateMac' to the principal's policy
 key.grantVerifyMac(user);