Amazon EBS volume types
Amazon EBS provides the following volume types, which differ in performance characteristics and price, so that you can tailor your storage performance and cost to the needs of your applications.
Important
There are several factors that can affect the performance of EBS volumes, such as instance configuration, I/O characteristics, and workload demand. To fully use the IOPS provisioned on an EBS volume, use EBS–optimized instances. For more information about getting the most out of your EBS volumes, see Amazon EBS volume performance.
For more information about pricing, see Amazon EBS
Pricing
Volume types
Solid state drive (SSD) volumes
SSD-backed volumes are optimized for transactional workloads involving frequent read/write operations with small I/O size, where the dominant performance attribute is IOPS. SSD-backed volume types include General Purpose SSD and Provisioned IOPS SSD . The following is a summary of the use cases and characteristics of SSD-backed volumes.
Amazon EBS General Purpose SSD volumes | Amazon EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD volumes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Volume type | gp3 |
gp2 |
io2 Block Express 3 |
io1 |
Durability | 99.8% - 99.9% durability (0.1% - 0.2% annual failure rate) | 99.999% durability (0.001% annual failure rate) | 99.8% - 99.9% durability (0.1% - 0.2% annual failure rate) | |
Use cases |
|
Workloads that require:
|
|
|
Volume size | 1 GiB - 16 TiB | 4 GiB - 64 TiB 4 | 4 GiB - 16 TiB | |
Max IOPS per volume | 16,000 (64 KiB I/O) | 16,000 (16 KiB I/O) | 256,000 (16 KiB I/O) 5 | 64,000 (16 KiB I/O) |
Max throughput per volume | 1,000 MiB/s | 250 MiB/s 1 | 4,000 MiB/s | 1,000 MiB/s 2 |
Amazon EBS Multi-attach | Not supported | Supported | ||
NVMe reservations | Not supported | Supported | Not supported | |
Boot volume | Supported |
1 The throughput limit is between 128 MiB/s and 250 MiB/s, depending on the volume size. For more information, see gp2 volume performance. Volumes created before December 3, 2018 that have not been modified since creation might not reach full performance unless you modify the volume.
2 To achieve maximum throughput of 1,000 MiB/s, the volume must be provisioned with 64,000 IOPS and it must be attached to an instances built on the Nitro System. Volumes created before December 6, 2017 that have not been modified since creation might not reach full performance unless you modify the volume.
3 All io2
volumes created after November
21, 2023 are io2
Block Express volumes. io2
volumes created before
November 21, 2023 can be converted to io2
Block Express volumes by
modifying the IOPS or size of the volume.
4 Volumes over 16 TiB in size can only be attached to instances built on the Nitro System.
5 Volumes over 64,000 IOPS can only be attached to instances built on the Nitro System. Volumes up to 64,000 IOPS can be attached to non-Nitro instances, but they can only achieve up to 32,000 IOPS.
For more information about the SSD-backed volume types, see the following:
Hard disk drive (HDD) volumes
HDD-backed volumes are optimized for large streaming workloads where the dominant performance attribute is throughput. HDD volume types include Throughput Optimized HDD and Cold HDD. The following is a summary of the use cases and characteristics of HDD-backed volumes.
Throughput Optimized HDD volumes | Cold HDD volumes | |
---|---|---|
Volume type | st1 |
sc1 |
Durability | 99.8% - 99.9% durability (0.1% - 0.2% annual failure rate) | |
Use cases |
|
|
Volume size | 125 GiB - 16 TiB | |
Max IOPS per volume (1 MiB I/O) | 500 | 250 |
Max throughput per volume | 500 MiB/s | 250 MiB/s |
Amazon EBS Multi-attach | Not supported | |
Boot volume | Not supported |
For more information about the Hard disk drives (HDD) volumes, see Amazon EBS Throughput Optimized HDD and Cold HDD volumes.
Previous generation volumes
Magnetic (standard
) volumes are previous generation volumes that are backed by magnetic
drives. They are suited for workloads with small datasets where data is accessed infrequently
and performance is not of primary importance. These volumes deliver approximately 100 IOPS on
average, with burst capability of up to hundreds of IOPS, and they can range in size from 1 GiB
to 1 TiB.
Tip
Magnetic is a previous generation volume type. If you need higher performance or performance consistency than previous-generation volumes can provide, we recommend using one of the newer volume types.
The following table describes previous-generation EBS volume types.
Magnetic | |
---|---|
Volume type | standard |
Use cases | Workloads where data is infrequently accessed |
Volume size | 1 GiB-1 TiB |
Max IOPS per volume | 40–200 |
Max throughput per volume | 40–90 MiB/s |
Boot volume | Supported |
For more information, see
Previous Generation Volumes