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Migrate RHEL BYOL systems to AWS License-Included instances by using AWS MGN

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Created by Mike Kuznetsov (AWS)

Summary

When you migrate your workloads to AWS by using AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN), you might have to lift and shift (rehost) your Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) instances and change the license from the default Bring Your Own License (BYOL) model to an AWS License Included (LI) model during migration. AWS MGN supports a scalable approach that uses Amazon Machine Image (AMI) IDs. This pattern describes how to accomplish the license change on RHEL servers during the rehost migration at scale. It also explains how to change the license for a RHEL system that’s already running on Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).

Prerequisites and limitations

Prerequisites 

• Access to the target AWS account

• AWS MGN initialized in the target AWS account and Region for the migration (not required if you have already migrated from your on-premises system to AWS)

• A source RHEL server with a valid RHEL license

Architecture

This pattern covers two scenarios:

• Migrating a system from on premises directly into an AWS LI instance by using AWS MGN. For this scenario, follow the instructions in the first epic (Migrate to LI instance - option 1) and third epic.

• Changing the licensing model from BYOL to LI for a previously migrated RHEL system that’s already running on Amazon EC2. For this scenario, follow the instructions in the second epic (Migrate to LI instance - option 2) and third epic.

Note

The third epic involves reconfiguring the new RHEL instance to use the Red Hat Update Infrastructure (RHUI) servers provided by AWS. This process is the same for both scenarios.

Tools

AWS services

• AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN) helps you rehost (lift and shift) applications to the AWS Cloud without change and with minimal downtime.

Epics

Migrate to LI instance - option 1 (for an on-premises RHEL system)

Task	Description	Skills required
Find the AMI ID of the RHEL AWS LI instance in the target Region.	Visit AWS Marketplace or use the Amazon EC2 console to find the RHEL AMI ID that matches the version of the RHEL source system (for example, RHEL-7.7), and write down the AMI ID. On the Amazon EC2 console, you can filter the AMIs by using one of the following search terms: Description = Provided by Red Hat, Inc. AMI name = RHEL-7.7	Cloud administrator
Configure AWS MGN launch settings.	On the AWS MGN console, add the source RHEL system: Install the AWS Replication Agent and add the source server by following the instructions in the AWS MGN documentation. On the Source servers page, choose the source RHEL system, and then choose the Launch settings tab. In the General launch settings section, choose Edit. To disable automatic selection and manually specify the target instance type, change Instance type right sizing to None, and then choose Save settings. This lets you use the instance type that you configure in your Amazon EC2 launch template. For more information, see the AWS MGN documentation. In the EC2 Launch Template section, choose Modify. In the About modifying EC2 launch templates dialog box, choose Modify again. This opens the Amazon EC2 console so you can change the template for this instance. Review the key considerations in the AWS MGN documentation. Note You can disregard the warning against choosing your own AMI. On the Amazon EC2 console, in the new launch template, modify the following: For AMI, specify the AMI ID you identified previously, or search for RHEL-x and specify the version you require (for example, RHEL-7.7). For Instance type, set the desired target instance type. Leave the following sections unchanged: Key pair (login), Network settings (unless you want to specify a target subnet and security groups), Storage, Resource tags (unless you want to add or modify any tags). (Optional) In the Advanced details section, specify the IAM instance profile role, if needed for future management by AWS Systems Manager. Choose Create template version, and then choose the link in the success message to view the launch template. Choose Actions, Set default version. For Template version, select the latest version (version 2 for a new system), and then choose Set as default version. AWS MGN will now use this version of the launch template to launch test or cutover instances. For more information, see the AWS MGN documentation.	Cloud administrator
Validate settings.	On the AWS MGN console, on the Source servers page, choose your source server, and then choose the Launch settings tab. In the EC2 Launch Template section, verify that the Instance type, Subnet, and Security groups parameters are set correctly. Note This section doesn’t display the AMI ID you selected. To see the ID, you can open the Amazon EC2 console, Launch Templates view, and search for the template ID that’s shown in this section.	Cloud administrator
Launch the new LI instance.	When the initial sync is complete, the Migration lifecycle column for the server on the AWS MGN console Source servers page changes to Ready for testing. To launch the new test instance, choose your source server, open the Test and cutover menu, and then choose Launch test instances. Choose View job details to monitor the status of the launch job. For more information, see the AWS MGN documentation. Wait for the launch job to complete, and then open the launched EC2 instance details page. Choose the Details tab and verify that the Instance details section contains the following: Platform details: “Red Hat Enterprise Linux” AMI name: The name of AMI you specified in the EC2 launch template Cut over to the new LI instance by following the instructions in the AWS MGN documentation. Reconfigure the new instance to use the AWS-provided RHUI servers by following the steps in the last epic.	Cloud administrator

Migrate to LI instance - option 1 (for an on-premises RHEL system)

Task	Description	Skills required
Find the AMI ID of the RHEL AWS LI instance in the target Region.	Visit AWS Marketplace or use the Amazon EC2 console to find the RHEL AMI ID that matches the version of the RHEL source system (for example, RHEL-7.7), and write down the AMI ID. On the Amazon EC2 console, you can filter the AMIs by using one of the following search terms: Description = Provided by Red Hat, Inc. AMI name = RHEL-7.7	Cloud administrator
Configure AWS MGN launch settings.	On the AWS MGN console, add the source RHEL system: Install the AWS Replication Agent and add the source server by following the instructions in the AWS MGN documentation. On the Source servers page, choose the source RHEL system, and then choose the Launch settings tab. In the General launch settings section, choose Edit. To disable automatic selection and manually specify the target instance type, change Instance type right sizing to None, and then choose Save settings. This lets you use the instance type that you configure in your Amazon EC2 launch template. For more information, see the AWS MGN documentation. In the EC2 Launch Template section, choose Modify. In the About modifying EC2 launch templates dialog box, choose Modify again. This opens the Amazon EC2 console so you can change the template for this instance. Review the key considerations in the AWS MGN documentation. Note You can disregard the warning against choosing your own AMI. On the Amazon EC2 console, in the new launch template, modify the following: For AMI, specify the AMI ID you identified previously, or search for RHEL-x and specify the version you require (for example, RHEL-7.7). For Instance type, set the desired target instance type. Leave the following sections unchanged: Key pair (login), Network settings (unless you want to specify a target subnet and security groups), Storage, Resource tags (unless you want to add or modify any tags). (Optional) In the Advanced details section, specify the IAM instance profile role, if needed for future management by AWS Systems Manager. Choose Create template version, and then choose the link in the success message to view the launch template. Choose Actions, Set default version. For Template version, select the latest version (version 2 for a new system), and then choose Set as default version. AWS MGN will now use this version of the launch template to launch test or cutover instances. For more information, see the AWS MGN documentation.	Cloud administrator
Validate settings.	On the AWS MGN console, on the Source servers page, choose your source server, and then choose the Launch settings tab. In the EC2 Launch Template section, verify that the Instance type, Subnet, and Security groups parameters are set correctly. Note This section doesn’t display the AMI ID you selected. To see the ID, you can open the Amazon EC2 console, Launch Templates view, and search for the template ID that’s shown in this section.	Cloud administrator
Launch the new LI instance.	When the initial sync is complete, the Migration lifecycle column for the server on the AWS MGN console Source servers page changes to Ready for testing. To launch the new test instance, choose your source server, open the Test and cutover menu, and then choose Launch test instances. Choose View job details to monitor the status of the launch job. For more information, see the AWS MGN documentation. Wait for the launch job to complete, and then open the launched EC2 instance details page. Choose the Details tab and verify that the Instance details section contains the following: Platform details: “Red Hat Enterprise Linux” AMI name: The name of AMI you specified in the EC2 launch template Cut over to the new LI instance by following the instructions in the AWS MGN documentation. Reconfigure the new instance to use the AWS-provided RHUI servers by following the steps in the last epic.	Cloud administrator

Migrate to LI instance - option 2 (for a RHEL BYOL EC2 instance)

Task	Description	Skills required
Migrate your RHEL BYOL EC2 instance to an AWS LI instance.	You can switch RHEL systems that you previously migrated to AWS as BYOL to AWS LI instances by moving their disks (Amazon Elastic Block Store volumes) and attaching them to a new LI instance. To make this switch, follow these steps: Launch a new target RHEL instance from a RHEL LI AMI. Make sure that the AMI you selected: Uses the same RHEL version as your current RHEL instance. Has the same boot-up process (BIOS or UEFI) as your current RHEL instance. For example, if the source server is BIOS-based, use the AWS Marketplace RHEL AMI that is also BIOS-based; for UEFI-based systems, choose the UEFI-based AMI. Stop both instances: the new LI instance and the original source instance. Detach all EBS volumes (including the root disk) from the new LI instance and delete them. Detach all EBS volumes (including the root disk) from the old source instance and attach them to the new LI instance. Keep the same mapping of volumes to devices. (For example, the EBS volume that was previously attached to the /dev/sda drive must be attached as /dev/sda to the new instance.) Delete the source (now diskless) instance. Start the new LI instance. Log in to the instance and reconfigure it to use the AWS-provided RHUI servers by following the steps in the next epic.	Cloud administrator

Migrate to LI instance - option 2 (for a RHEL BYOL EC2 instance)

Task	Description	Skills required
Migrate your RHEL BYOL EC2 instance to an AWS LI instance.	You can switch RHEL systems that you previously migrated to AWS as BYOL to AWS LI instances by moving their disks (Amazon Elastic Block Store volumes) and attaching them to a new LI instance. To make this switch, follow these steps: Launch a new target RHEL instance from a RHEL LI AMI. Make sure that the AMI you selected: Uses the same RHEL version as your current RHEL instance. Has the same boot-up process (BIOS or UEFI) as your current RHEL instance. For example, if the source server is BIOS-based, use the AWS Marketplace RHEL AMI that is also BIOS-based; for UEFI-based systems, choose the UEFI-based AMI. Stop both instances: the new LI instance and the original source instance. Detach all EBS volumes (including the root disk) from the new LI instance and delete them. Detach all EBS volumes (including the root disk) from the old source instance and attach them to the new LI instance. Keep the same mapping of volumes to devices. (For example, the EBS volume that was previously attached to the /dev/sda drive must be attached as /dev/sda to the new instance.) Delete the source (now diskless) instance. Start the new LI instance. Log in to the instance and reconfigure it to use the AWS-provided RHUI servers by following the steps in the next epic.	Cloud administrator

Reconfigure RHEL OS to use AWS-provided RHUI – both options

Task	Description	Skills required
Deregister the OS from the Red Hat subscription and license.	After migration and successful cutover, the RHEL system has to be removed from the Red Hat subscription to stop consuming the Red Hat license and avoid double billing. To remove RHEL OS from the Red Hat subscription, follow the process described in the Red Hat Subscription Management (RHSM) documentation. Use the CLI command:   subscription-manager unregister You can also disable the subscription manager plugin to stop checking the status of the subscription on every yum call. To do this, edit the configuration file /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/subscription-manager.conf and change the parameter enabled=1 to enabled=0.	Linux or system administrator
Replace the old update configuration (RHUI, Red Hat Satellite network, yum repositories) with the AWS-provided RHUI.	You must reconfigure the migrated RHEL system to use the AWS-provided RHUI servers. This gives you access to the RHUI servers within AWS Regions without requiring the external update infrastructure. The change involves the following process: Back up the existing yum configuration. Remove the old RHUI (yum repositories) configuration and packages. Add the new AWS-provided RHUI configuration and certificate packages. You have to retrieve these from another RHEL instance on AWS because these configuration packages are available only on AWS-provided RHUI servers. Here are the detailed steps and commands: Back up the existing yum configuration and certificates by copying all /etc/yum* and /etc/pki/* folders to a backup location. For example: mkdir yum-backup cp -ra /etc/yum* /etc/pki ./yum-backup tar czf yum-backup.tgz ./yum-backup Remove the old RHUI configuration and packages: Find all installed RHUI packages: sudo rpm -qa | grep rhui Delete these packages: sudo yum remove $(rpm -qa | grep rhui) Remove the /etc/yum/vars/releasever file, if it exists. Add the new AWS-provided RHUI and certificate packages. You must retrieve these from another RHEL instance on AWS. There are several ways to do this. For example, you can follow the instructions provided in the Red Hat Knowledgebase article: Launch another RHEL (RHEL-EC2) instance from AWS Marketplace. Download two packages from this instance: the latest RHUI client configuration package and the certificate authority (CA) certificates. For example, run this command from your desktop: ssh RHEL-EC2 "sudo yumdownloader ca-certificates rh-amazon-rhui-client" Copy the packages from the RHEL-EC2 instance to the new migrated system. For example: scp RHEL-EC2:rh-amazon-rhui-client\* RHEL-EC2:ca-certificates\* . ssh <migrated-instance> "mkdir /tmp/amazon" scp rh-amazon-rhui-client* ca-certificates* <migrated-instance>:/tmp/amazon Install the new RHUI and CA configuration packages on the migrated instance:  ssh <migrated-instance> "sudo rpm -Uhv /tmp/amazon/*"	Linux or system administrator
Validate the configuration.	On the target migrated instance, verify that the new configuration is correct: sudo yum clean all sudo yum repolist	Linux or system administrator

Reconfigure RHEL OS to use AWS-provided RHUI – both options

Task	Description	Skills required
Deregister the OS from the Red Hat subscription and license.	After migration and successful cutover, the RHEL system has to be removed from the Red Hat subscription to stop consuming the Red Hat license and avoid double billing. To remove RHEL OS from the Red Hat subscription, follow the process described in the Red Hat Subscription Management (RHSM) documentation. Use the CLI command:   subscription-manager unregister You can also disable the subscription manager plugin to stop checking the status of the subscription on every yum call. To do this, edit the configuration file /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/subscription-manager.conf and change the parameter enabled=1 to enabled=0.	Linux or system administrator
Replace the old update configuration (RHUI, Red Hat Satellite network, yum repositories) with the AWS-provided RHUI.	You must reconfigure the migrated RHEL system to use the AWS-provided RHUI servers. This gives you access to the RHUI servers within AWS Regions without requiring the external update infrastructure. The change involves the following process: Back up the existing yum configuration. Remove the old RHUI (yum repositories) configuration and packages. Add the new AWS-provided RHUI configuration and certificate packages. You have to retrieve these from another RHEL instance on AWS because these configuration packages are available only on AWS-provided RHUI servers. Here are the detailed steps and commands: Back up the existing yum configuration and certificates by copying all /etc/yum* and /etc/pki/* folders to a backup location. For example: mkdir yum-backup cp -ra /etc/yum* /etc/pki ./yum-backup tar czf yum-backup.tgz ./yum-backup Remove the old RHUI configuration and packages: Find all installed RHUI packages: sudo rpm -qa | grep rhui Delete these packages: sudo yum remove $(rpm -qa | grep rhui) Remove the /etc/yum/vars/releasever file, if it exists. Add the new AWS-provided RHUI and certificate packages. You must retrieve these from another RHEL instance on AWS. There are several ways to do this. For example, you can follow the instructions provided in the Red Hat Knowledgebase article: Launch another RHEL (RHEL-EC2) instance from AWS Marketplace. Download two packages from this instance: the latest RHUI client configuration package and the certificate authority (CA) certificates. For example, run this command from your desktop: ssh RHEL-EC2 "sudo yumdownloader ca-certificates rh-amazon-rhui-client" Copy the packages from the RHEL-EC2 instance to the new migrated system. For example: scp RHEL-EC2:rh-amazon-rhui-client\* RHEL-EC2:ca-certificates\* . ssh <migrated-instance> "mkdir /tmp/amazon" scp rh-amazon-rhui-client* ca-certificates* <migrated-instance>:/tmp/amazon Install the new RHUI and CA configuration packages on the migrated instance:  ssh <migrated-instance> "sudo rpm -Uhv /tmp/amazon/*"	Linux or system administrator
Validate the configuration.	On the target migrated instance, verify that the new configuration is correct: sudo yum clean all sudo yum repolist	Linux or system administrator

Related resources

• AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN) User Guide

• Get an AWS RHUI client package supporting IMDSv2 (Red Hat Knowledgebase article)

• Amazon EC2 launch templates (Amazon EC2 documentation)