Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks

• When a scale-out event occurs, your newly launched instance completes its startup sequence and transitions to a wait state. While the instance is in a wait state, it runs a script to download and install the needed software packages for your application, making sure that your instance is fully ready before it starts receiving traffic. When the script is finished installing software, it sends the complete-lifecycle-action command to continue.

• When a scale-in event occurs, a lifecycle hook pauses the instance before it is terminated and sends you a notification using Amazon EventBridge. While the instance is in the wait state, you can invoke an AWS Lambda function or connect to the instance to download logs or other data before the instance is fully terminated.

• Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling provides its own lifecycle to help with the management of Auto Scaling groups. This lifecycle differs from that of other EC2 instances. For more information, see Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling instance lifecycle. Instances in a warm pool also have their own lifecycle, as described in Lifecycle state transitions for instances in a warm pool.

• You can use lifecycle hooks with Spot Instances, but a lifecycle hook does not prevent an instance from terminating in the event that capacity is no longer available, which can happen at any time with a two-minute interruption notice. For more information, see Spot Instance interruptions in the Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. However, you can enable Capacity Rebalancing to proactively replace Spot Instances that have received a rebalance recommendation from the Amazon EC2 Spot service, a signal that is sent when a Spot Instance is at elevated risk of interruption. For more information, see Use Capacity Rebalancing to handle Amazon EC2 Spot interruptions.

• Instances can remain in a wait state for a finite period of time. The default timeout for a lifecycle hook is one hour (heartbeat timeout). There is also a global timeout that specifies the maximum amount of time that you can keep an instance in a wait state. The global timeout is 48 hours or 100 times the heartbeat timeout, whichever is smaller.

• The result of the lifecycle hook can be either abandon or continue. If an instance is launching, continue indicates that your actions were successful, and that Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling can put the instance into service. Otherwise, abandon indicates that your custom actions were unsuccessful, and that we can terminate and replace the instance. If an instance is terminating, both abandon and continue allow the instance to terminate. However, abandon stops any remaining actions, such as other lifecycle hooks, and continue allows any other lifecycle hooks to complete.

• Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling limits the rate at which it allows instances to launch if the lifecycle hooks are failing consistently, so make sure to test and fix any permanent errors in your lifecycle actions.

• Creating and updating lifecycle hooks using the AWS CLI, AWS CloudFormation, or an SDK provides options not available when creating a lifecycle hook from the AWS Management Console. For example, the field to specify the ARN of an SNS topic or SQS queue doesn't appear in the console, because Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling already sends events to Amazon EventBridge. These events can be filtered and redirected to AWS services such as Lambda, Amazon SNS, and Amazon SQS as needed.

• You can add multiple lifecycle hooks to an Auto Scaling group while you are creating it, by calling the CreateAutoScalingGroup API using the AWS CLI, AWS CloudFormation, or an SDK. However, each hook must have the same notification target and IAM role, if specified. To create lifecycle hooks with different notification targets and different roles, create the lifecycle hooks one at a time in separate calls to the PutLifecycleHook API.

• If you add a lifecycle hook for instance launch, the health check grace period starts as soon as the instance reaches the InService state. For more information, see Set the health check grace period for an Auto Scaling group.

Scaling considerations

• Dynamic scaling policies scale in and out in response to CloudWatch metric data, such as CPU and network I/O, that's aggregated across multiple instances. When scaling out, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling doesn't immediately count a new instance towards the aggregated instance metrics of the Auto Scaling group. It waits until the instance reaches the InService state and the instance warmup has finished. For more information, see Scaling performance considerations in the default instance warmup topic.

• On scale in, the aggregated instance metrics might not instantly reflect the removal of a terminating instance. The terminating instance stops counting toward the group's aggregated instance metrics shortly after the Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling termination workflow begins.

• In most cases when lifecycle hooks are invoked, scaling activities due to simple scaling policies are paused until the lifecycle actions have completed and the cooldown period has expired. Setting a long interval for the cooldown period means that it will take longer for scaling to resume. For more information, see Lifecycle hooks can cause additional delays in the cooldown topic. In general, we recommend against using simple scaling policies if you can use either step scaling or target tracking scaling policies instead.

• Building a Backup System for Scaled Instances using Lambda and Amazon EC2 Run Command

• Run code before terminating an EC2 Auto Scaling instance.