Querying the Current Configuration State of AWS Resources with AWS Config
Introducing a preview feature for advanced queries that allows you to use generative artificial intelligence (generative AI) capabilities to enter prompts in plain English and convert them into a ready-to-use query format. For more information, see Natural language query processor for advanced queries. |
You can use AWS Config to query the current configuration state of AWS resources based on
configuration properties for a single account and Region or across multiple accounts and
Regions. You can perform property-based queries against current AWS resource state
metadata across a list of resources that AWS Config supports. For more information on the list
of supported resource types, see Supported Resource Types for Advanced Queries
Advanced queries provides a single query endpoint and a query language to get current resource state metadata without performing service-specific describe API calls. You can use configuration aggregators to run the same queries from a central account across multiple accounts and AWS Regions.
Topics
- Features
- Query Components for AWS Config
- Query Using the SQL Query Editor for AWS Config (Console)
- Query Using the SQL Query Editor for AWS Config (AWS CLI)
- Natural language query processor for AWS Config advanced queries
- Example Queries for AWS Config
- Example Relationship Queries for AWS Config
- Limitations
- Region Support
Features
AWS Config uses a subset of structured query language (SQL) SELECT
syntax to
perform property-based queries and aggregations on the current configuration item (CI) data.
The queries range in complexity from matches against tag and/or resource identifiers,
to more complex queries, such as viewing all Amazon S3 buckets that have versioning disabled.
This allows you to query exactly the current resource state you need without performing
AWS service-specific API calls.
It supports aggregation functions such as
AVG
, COUNT
, MAX
, MIN
, and
SUM
.
You can use advanced query for:
-
Inventory management; for example, to retrieve a list of Amazon EC2 instances of a particular size.
-
Security and operational intelligence; for example, to retrieve a list of resources that have a specific configuration property enabled or disabled.
-
Cost optimization; for example, to identify a list of Amazon EBS volumes that are not attached to any EC2 instance.
-
Compliance data; for example, to retrieve a list of all your conformance packs and their compliance status.
For information about how to use the AWS SQL Query Language, see What Is SQL (Structured Query Language)?
Limitations
Note
Advanced query does not support querying resources which have not been configured to be
recorded by the configuration recorder. AWS Config creates Configuration Items (CIs) with
ResourceNotRecorded
in the configurationItemStatus
when a resource has been discovered but is not configured to be recorded by the
configuration recorder. While an aggregator will aggregate these CIs, advanced query
does not support querying CIs with ResourceNotRecorded
. Update your
recorder settings to enable recording of the resource types that you want to
query.
As a subset of SQL SELECT
, the query syntax has following
limitations:
-
No support for
ALL
,AS
,DISTINCT
,FROM
,HAVING
,JOIN
, andUNION
keywords in a query.NULL
value queries are not supported. -
No support for querying on third-party resources. Third-party resources retrieved using advanced queries will have the configuration field set as
NULL
. -
No support for nested structures (such as tags) to be unpacked with SQL queries.
-
CIDR notation is converted to IP ranges for search. This means that
"="
and"BETWEEN"
search for any range that includes the provided IP, instead of for an exact one. To search for an exact IP range, you need to add in additional conditions to exclude IPs outside of the range. For example, to search for 10.0.0.0/24 and only that IP block, you can do:SELECT * WHERE resourceType = 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup' AND configuration.ipPermissions.ipRanges BETWEEN '10.0.0.0' AND '10.0.0.255' AND NOT configuration.ipPermissions.ipRanges < '10.0.0.0' AND NOT configuration.ipPermissions.ipRanges > '10.0.0.255'
For 192.168.0.2/32, you can search in a similar fashion:
SELECT * WHERE resourceType = 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup' AND configuration.ipPermissions.ipRanges = '192.168.0.2' AND NOT configuration.ipPermissions.ipRanges > '192.168.0.2' AND NOT configuration.ipPermissions.ipRanges < '192.168.0.2'
-
When querying against multiple properties within an array of objects, matches are computed against all the array elements. For example, for a resource R with rules A and B, the resource is compliant to rule A but noncompliant to rule B. The resource R is stored as:
{ configRuleList: [ { configRuleName: 'A', complianceType: 'compliant' }, { configRuleName: 'B', complianceType: 'non_compliant' } ] }
R will be returned by this query:
SELECT configuration WHERE configuration.configRuleList.complianceType = 'non_compliant' AND configuration.configRuleList.configRuleName = 'A'
The first condition
configuration.configRuleList.complianceType = 'non_compliant'
is applied to ALL elements in R.configRuleList, because R has a rule (rule B) with complianceType = ‘non_compliant’, the condition is evaluated as true. The second conditionconfiguration.configRuleList.configRuleName
is applied to ALL elements in R.configRuleList, because R has a rule (rule A) with configRuleName = ‘A’, the condition is evaluated as true. As both conditions are true, R will be returned. -
The
SELECT
all columns shorthand (that isSELECT *
) selects only the top-level, scalar properties of a CI. The scalar properties returned areaccountId
,awsRegion
,arn
,availabilityZone
,configurationItemCaptureTime
,resourceCreationTime
,resourceId
,resourceName
,resourceType
, andversion
. -
Wildcard limitations:
-
Wildcards are supported only for property values and not for property keys (for example,
...WHERE someKey LIKE 'someValue%'
is supported but...WHERE 'someKey%' LIKE 'someValue%'
is not supported). -
Support for only suffix wildcards (for example,
...LIKE 'AWS::EC2::%'
and...LIKE 'AWS::EC2::_'
is supported but...LIKE '%::EC2::Instance'
and...LIKE '_::EC2::Instance'
is not supported). -
Wildcard matches must be at least three characters long (for example,
...LIKE 'ab%'
and...LIKE 'ab_'
is not allowed but...LIKE 'abc%'
and...LIKE 'abc_'
is allowed).
Note
The "
_
" (single underscore) is also treated as a wildcard. -
-
Aggregation limitations:
-
Aggregate functions can accept only a single argument or property.
-
Aggregate functions cannot take other functions as arguments.
-
GROUP BY
with anORDER BY
clause referencing aggregate functions may contain only a single property. -
For all other aggregations
GROUP BY
clauses may contain up to three properties. -
Pagination is supported for all aggregate queries except when
ORDER BY
clause has an aggregate function. For example,GROUP BY X, ORDER BY Y
does not work ifY
is an aggregate function. -
No support for
HAVING
clauses in aggregations.
-
-
Mismatched identifier limitations:
Mismatched identifiers are properties that have the same spelling but different cases (upper and lower case). Advanced query does not support processing queries that contain mismatched identifiers. For example:
-
Two properties that have the exact same spelling but with different casing (
configuration.dbclusterIdentifier
andconfiguration.dBClusterIdentifier
). -
Two properties where one property is a subset of the other, and they have different casing (
configuration.ipAddress
andconfiguration.ipaddressPermissions
).
-
Region Support
Advanced queries is supported in the following Regions:
Region Name | Region | Endpoint | Protocol |
---|---|---|---|
US East (Ohio) | us-east-2 | config.us-east-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
US East (N. Virginia) | us-east-1 | config.us-east-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
US West (N. California) | us-west-1 | config.us-west-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
US West (Oregon) | us-west-2 | config.us-west-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Africa (Cape Town) | af-south-1 | config.af-south-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Hong Kong) | ap-east-1 | config.ap-east-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Hyderabad) | ap-south-2 | config.ap-south-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Jakarta) | ap-southeast-3 | config.ap-southeast-3.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Malaysia) | ap-southeast-5 | config.ap-southeast-5.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Melbourne) | ap-southeast-4 | config.ap-southeast-4.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Mumbai) | ap-south-1 | config.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Osaka) | ap-northeast-3 | config.ap-northeast-3.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Seoul) | ap-northeast-2 | config.ap-northeast-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Singapore) | ap-southeast-1 | config.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Sydney) | ap-southeast-2 | config.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Asia Pacific (Tokyo) | ap-northeast-1 | config.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Canada (Central) | ca-central-1 | config.ca-central-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Canada West (Calgary) | ca-west-1 | config.ca-west-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (Frankfurt) | eu-central-1 | config.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (Ireland) | eu-west-1 | config.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (London) | eu-west-2 | config.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (Milan) | eu-south-1 | config.eu-south-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (Paris) | eu-west-3 | config.eu-west-3.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (Spain) | eu-south-2 | config.eu-south-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (Stockholm) | eu-north-1 | config.eu-north-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Europe (Zurich) | eu-central-2 | config.eu-central-2.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Israel (Tel Aviv) | il-central-1 | config.il-central-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Middle East (Bahrain) | me-south-1 | config.me-south-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
Middle East (UAE) | me-central-1 | config.me-central-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
South America (São Paulo) | sa-east-1 | config.sa-east-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
AWS GovCloud (US-East) | us-gov-east-1 | config.us-gov-east-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |
AWS GovCloud (US-West) | us-gov-west-1 | config.us-gov-west-1.amazonaws.com | HTTPS |