Set up a VPC to host clusters - Amazon EMR

Set up a VPC to host clusters

Before you can launch clusters in a VPC, you must create a VPC and a subnet. For public subnets, you must create an internet gateway and attach it to the subnet. The following instructions describe how to create a VPC capable of hosting Amazon EMR clusters.

To create a VPC with subnets for an Amazon EMR cluster
  1. Open the Amazon VPC console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/vpc/.

  2. On the top-right of the page, choose the AWS Region for your VPC.

  3. Choose Create VPC.

  4. On the VPC settings page, choose VPC and more.

  5. Under Name tag auto-generation, enable Auto-generate and enter a name for your VPC. This helps you to identify the VPC and subnet in the Amazon VPC console after you've created them.

  6. In the IPv4 CIDR block field, enter a private IP address space for your VPC to ensure proper DNS hostname resolution; otherwise, you may experience Amazon EMR cluster failures. This includes the following IP address ranges:

    • 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

    • 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255

    • 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

  7. Under Number of Availability Zones (AZs), choose the number of Availability Zones you want to launch your subnets in.

  8. Under Number of public subnets, choose a single public subnet to add to your VPC. If the data used by the cluster is available on the internet (for example, in Amazon S3 or Amazon RDS), you only need to use a public subnet and don't need to add a private subnet.

  9. Under Number of private subnets, choose the number of private subnets you want to add to your VPC. Select one or more if the the data for your application is stored in your own network (for example, in an Oracle database). For a VPC in a private subnet, all Amazon EC2 instances must at minimum have a route to Amazon EMR through the elastic network interface. In the console, this is automatically configured for you.

  10. Under NAT gateways, optionally choose to add NAT gateways. They are only necessary if you have private subnets that need to communicate with the internet.

  11. Under VPC endpoints, optionally choose to add endpoints for Amazon S3 to your subnets.

  12. Verify that Enable DNS hostnames andEnable DNS resolution are checked. For more information, see Using DNS with your VPC.

  13. Choose Create VPC.

  14. A status window shows the work in progress. When the work completes, choose View VPC to navigate to the Your VPCs page, which displays your default VPC and the VPC that you just created. The VPC that you created is a nondefault VPC, therefore the Default VPC column displays No.

  15. If you want to associate your VPC with a DNS entry that does not include a domain name, navigate to DHCP option sets, choose Create DHCP options set, and omit a domain name. After you create your option set, navigate to your new VPC, choose Edit DHCP options set under the Actions menu, and select the new option set. You cannot edit the domain name using the console after the DNS option set has been created.

    It is a best practice with Hadoop and related applications to ensure resolution of the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for nodes. To ensure proper DNS resolution, configure a VPC that includes a DHCP options set whose parameters are set to the following values:

    • domain-name = ec2.internal

      Use ec2.internal if your Region is US East (N. Virginia). For other Regions, use region-name.compute.internal. For examples in us-west-2, use us-west-2.compute.internal. For the AWS GovCloud (US-West) Region, use us-gov-west-1.compute.internal.

    • domain-name-servers = AmazonProvidedDNS

    For more information, see DHCP options sets in the Amazon VPC User Guide.

  16. After the VPC is created, go to the Subnets page and note the Subnet ID of one of the subnets of your new VPC. You use this information when you launch the Amazon EMR cluster into the VPC.