Dynamic origin selection Request events Response events

Lambda@Edge event structure

The following topics describe the request and response event objects that CloudFront passes to a Lambda@Edge function when it's triggered.

Topics

Dynamic origin selection
Request events
Response events

Dynamic origin selection

You can use the path pattern in a cache behavior to route requests to an origin based on the path and name of the requested object, such as images/*.jpg. Using Lambda@Edge, you can also route requests to an origin based on other characteristics, such as the values in request headers.

There are a number of ways that this dynamic origin selection can be useful. For example, you can distribute requests across origins in different geographic areas to help with global load balancing. Or you can selectively route requests to different origins that each serve a particular function: bot handling, SEO optimization, authentication, and so on. For code examples that demonstrate how to use this feature, see Content-based dynamic origin selection - examples.

In the CloudFront origin request event, the origin object in the event structure contains information about the origin that the request would be routed to, based on the path pattern. You can update the values in the origin object to route a request to a different origin. When you update the origin object, you don't need to define the origin in the distribution. You can also replace an Amazon S3 origin object with a custom origin object, and vice versa. You can only specify a single origin per request, though; either a custom origin or an Amazon S3 origin, but not both.

Request events

The following topics show the structure of the object that CloudFront passes to a Lambda function for viewer and origin request events. These examples show a GET request with no body. Following the examples is a list of all the possible fields in viewer and origin request events.

Example viewer request

The following example shows a viewer request event object.


{
  "Records": [
    {
      "cf": {
        "config": {
          "distributionDomainName": "d111111abcdef8.cloudfront.net",
          "distributionId": "EDFDVBD6EXAMPLE",
          "eventType": "viewer-request",
          "requestId": "4TyzHTaYWb1GX1qTfsHhEqV6HUDd_BzoBZnwfnvQc_1oF26ClkoUSEQ=="
        },
        "request": {
          "clientIp": "203.0.113.178",
          "headers": {
            "host": [
              {
                "key": "Host",
                "value": "d111111abcdef8.cloudfront.net"
              }
            ],
            "user-agent": [
              {
                "key": "User-Agent",
                "value": "curl/7.66.0"
              }
            ],
            "accept": [
              {
                "key": "accept",
                "value": "*/*"
              }
            ]
          },
          "method": "GET",
          "querystring": "",
          "uri": "/"
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example origin request

The following example shows an origin request event object.


{
  "Records": [
    {
      "cf": {
        "config": {
          "distributionDomainName": "d111111abcdef8.cloudfront.net",
          "distributionId": "EDFDVBD6EXAMPLE",
          "eventType": "origin-request",
          "requestId": "4TyzHTaYWb1GX1qTfsHhEqV6HUDd_BzoBZnwfnvQc_1oF26ClkoUSEQ=="
        },
        "request": {
          "clientIp": "203.0.113.178",
          "headers": {
            "x-forwarded-for": [
              {
                "key": "X-Forwarded-For",
                "value": "203.0.113.178"
              }
            ],
            "user-agent": [
              {
                "key": "User-Agent",
                "value": "Amazon CloudFront"
              }
            ],
            "via": [
              {
                "key": "Via",
                "value": "2.0 2afae0d44e2540f472c0635ab62c232b.cloudfront.net (CloudFront)"
              }
            ],
            "host": [
              {
                "key": "Host",
                "value": "example.org"
              }
            ],
            "cache-control": [
              {
                "key": "Cache-Control",
                "value": "no-cache"
              }
            ]
          },
          "method": "GET",
          "origin": {
            "custom": {
              "customHeaders": {},
              "domainName": "example.org",
              "keepaliveTimeout": 5,
              "path": "",
              "port": 443,
              "protocol": "https",
              "readTimeout": 30,
              "sslProtocols": [
                "TLSv1",
                "TLSv1.1",
                "TLSv1.2"
              ]
            }
          },
          "querystring": "",
          "uri": "/"
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

Request event fields

Request event object data is contained in two subobjects: config (Records.cf.config) and request (Records.cf.request). The following lists describe each subobject's fields.

Fields in the config object

The following list describes the fields in the config object (Records.cf.config).

distributionDomainName (read-only): The domain name of the distribution that's associated with the request.
distributionID (read-only): The ID of the distribution that's associated with the request.
eventType (read-only): The type of trigger that's associated with the request: viewer-request or origin-request.
requestId (read-only): An encrypted string that uniquely identifies a viewer-to-CloudFront request. The requestId value also appears in CloudFront access logs as x-edge-request-id. For more information, see Standard logging (access logs) and Log file fields.

Fields in the request object

The following list describes the fields in the request object (Records.cf.request).

clientIp (read-only)

The IP address of the viewer that made the request. If the viewer used an HTTP proxy or a load balancer to send the request, the value is the IP address of the proxy or load balancer.

headers (read/write)

The headers in the request. Note the following:

The keys in the headers object are lowercase versions of standard HTTP header names. Using lowercase keys gives you case-insensitive access to the header values.
Each header object (for example, headers["accept"] or headers["host"]) is an array of key–value pairs. For a given header, the array contains one key–value pair for each value in the request.
key contains the case-sensitive name of the header as it appeared in the HTTP request; for example, Host, User-Agent, X-Forwarded-For, and so on.
value contains the header value as it appeared in the HTTP request.
When your Lambda function adds or modifies request headers and you don't include the header key field, Lambda@Edge automatically inserts a header key using the header name that you provide. Regardless of how you've formatted the header name, the header key that's inserted automatically is formatted with initial capitalization for each part, separated by hyphens (-).

For example, you can add a header like the following, without a header key:
```
"user-agent": [
  {
    "value": "ExampleCustomUserAgent/1.X.0"
  }
]
```
In this example, Lambda@Edge automatically inserts "key": "User-Agent".

For information about restrictions on header usage, see Restrictions on edge functions.

method (read-only)

The HTTP method of the request.

querystring (read/write)

The query string, if any, in the request. If the request doesn't include a query string, the event object still includes querystring with an empty value. For more information about query strings, see Cache content based on query string parameters.

uri (read/write)

The relative path of the requested object. If your Lambda function modifies the uri value, note the following:

The new uri value must begin with a forward slash (/).
When a function changes the uri value, that changes the object that the viewer is requesting.
When a function changes the uri value, that doesn't change the cache behavior for the request or the origin that the request is sent to.

body (read/write)

The body of the HTTP request. The body structure can contain the following fields:

inputTruncated (read-only)

A Boolean flag that indicates whether the body was truncated by Lambda@Edge. For more information, see Restrictions on the request body with the include body option.

action (read/write)

The action that you intend to take with the body. The options for action are the following:

read-only: This is the default. When returning the response from the Lambda function, if action is read-only, Lambda@Edge ignores any changes to encoding or data.
replace: Specify this when you want to replace the body sent to the origin.

encoding (read/write)

The encoding for the body. When Lambda@Edge exposes the body to the Lambda function, it first converts the body to base64-encoding. If you choose replace for the action to replace the body, you can opt to use base64 (the default) or text encoding. If you specify encoding as base64 but the body is not valid base64, CloudFront returns an error.

data (read/write)

The request body content.

origin (read/write) (origin events only)

The origin to send the request to. The origin structure must contain exactly one origin, which can be a custom origin or an Amazon S3 origin. The origin structure can contain the following fields:

customHeaders (read/write) (custom and Amazon S3 origins)

You can include custom headers with the request by specifying a header name and value pair for each custom header. You can't add headers that are disallowed, and a header with the same name can't be present in Records.cf.request.headers. The notes about request headers also apply to custom headers. For more information, see Custom headers that CloudFront can’t add to origin requests and Restrictions on edge functions.

domainName (read/write) (custom and Amazon S3 origins)

The domain name of the origin. The domain name can't be empty.

For custom origins – Specify a DNS domain name, such as www.example.com. The domain name can't include a colon (:), and can't be an IP address. The domain name can be up to 253 characters.
For Amazon S3 origins – Specify the DNS domain name of the Amazon S3 bucket, such as amzn-s3-demo-bucket.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com. The name can be up to 128 characters, and must be all lowercase.

path (read/write) (custom and Amazon S3 origins)

The directory path at the origin where the request should locate content. The path should start with a forward slash (/) but shouldn't end with one (for example, it shouldn't end with example-path/). For custom origins only, the path should be URL encoded and have a maximum length of 255 characters.

keepaliveTimeout (read/write) (custom origins only)

How long, in seconds, that CloudFront should try to maintain the connection to the origin after receiving the last packet of the response. The value must be a number from 1–60, inclusive.

port (read/write) (custom origins only)

The port that CloudFront should connect to at your custom origin. The port must be 80, 443, or a number in the range of 1024–65535, inclusive.

protocol (read/write) (custom origins only)

The connection protocol that CloudFront should use when connecting to your origin. The value can be http or https.

readTimeout (read/write) (custom origins only)

How long, in seconds, CloudFront should wait for a response after sending a request to your origin. This also specifies how long CloudFront should wait after receiving a packet of a response before receiving the next packet. The value must be a number from 4–60, inclusive.

If your use case requires more than 60 seconds, you can request a higher quota for Response timeout per origin. For more information, see General quotas on distributions.

sslProtocols (read/write) (custom origins only)

The minimum SSL/TLS protocol that CloudFront can use when establishing an HTTPS connection with your origin. Values can be any of the following: TLSv1.2, TLSv1.1, TLSv1, or SSLv3.

authMethod (read/write) (Amazon S3 origins only)

If you're using an origin access identity (OAI), set this field to origin-access-identity. If you aren't using an OAI, set it to none. If you set authMethod to origin-access-identity, there are several requirements:

You must specify the region (see the following field).
You must use the same OAI when you change the request from one Amazon S3 origin to another.
You can't use an OAI when you change the request from a custom origin to an Amazon S3 origin.

Note

This field does not support origin access control (OAC).

region (read/write) (Amazon S3 origins only)

The AWS Region of your Amazon S3 bucket. This is required only when you set authMethod to origin-access-identity.

Response events

The following topics show the structure of the object that CloudFront passes to a Lambda function for viewer and origin response events. Following the examples is a list of all the possible fields in viewer and origin response events.

Topics

Example origin response
Example viewer response
Response event fields

Example origin response

The following example shows an origin response event object.


{
  "Records": [
    {
      "cf": {
        "config": {
          "distributionDomainName": "d111111abcdef8.cloudfront.net",
          "distributionId": "EDFDVBD6EXAMPLE",
          "eventType": "origin-response",
          "requestId": "4TyzHTaYWb1GX1qTfsHhEqV6HUDd_BzoBZnwfnvQc_1oF26ClkoUSEQ=="
        },
        "request": {
          "clientIp": "203.0.113.178",
          "headers": {
            "x-forwarded-for": [
              {
                "key": "X-Forwarded-For",
                "value": "203.0.113.178"
              }
            ],
            "user-agent": [
              {
                "key": "User-Agent",
                "value": "Amazon CloudFront"
              }
            ],
            "via": [
              {
                "key": "Via",
                "value": "2.0 8f22423015641505b8c857a37450d6c0.cloudfront.net (CloudFront)"
              }
            ],
            "host": [
              {
                "key": "Host",
                "value": "example.org"
              }
            ],
            "cache-control": [
              {
                "key": "Cache-Control",
                "value": "no-cache"
              }
            ]
          },
          "method": "GET",
          "origin": {
            "custom": {
              "customHeaders": {},
              "domainName": "example.org",
              "keepaliveTimeout": 5,
              "path": "",
              "port": 443,
              "protocol": "https",
              "readTimeout": 30,
              "sslProtocols": [
                "TLSv1",
                "TLSv1.1",
                "TLSv1.2"
              ]
            }
          },
          "querystring": "",
          "uri": "/"
        },
        "response": {
          "headers": {
            "access-control-allow-credentials": [
              {
                "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials",
                "value": "true"
              }
            ],
            "access-control-allow-origin": [
              {
                "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Origin",
                "value": "*"
              }
            ],
            "date": [
              {
                "key": "Date",
                "value": "Mon, 13 Jan 2020 20:12:38 GMT"
              }
            ],
            "referrer-policy": [
              {
                "key": "Referrer-Policy",
                "value": "no-referrer-when-downgrade"
              }
            ],
            "server": [
              {
                "key": "Server",
                "value": "ExampleCustomOriginServer"
              }
            ],
            "x-content-type-options": [
              {
                "key": "X-Content-Type-Options",
                "value": "nosniff"
              }
            ],
            "x-frame-options": [
              {
                "key": "X-Frame-Options",
                "value": "DENY"
              }
            ],
            "x-xss-protection": [
              {
                "key": "X-XSS-Protection",
                "value": "1; mode=block"
              }
            ],
            "content-type": [
              {
                "key": "Content-Type",
                "value": "text/html; charset=utf-8"
              }
            ],
            "content-length": [
              {
                "key": "Content-Length",
                "value": "9593"
              }
            ]
          },
          "status": "200",
          "statusDescription": "OK"
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

Example viewer response

The following example shows a viewer response event object.


{
  "Records": [
    {
      "cf": {
        "config": {
          "distributionDomainName": "d111111abcdef8.cloudfront.net",
          "distributionId": "EDFDVBD6EXAMPLE",
          "eventType": "viewer-response",
          "requestId": "4TyzHTaYWb1GX1qTfsHhEqV6HUDd_BzoBZnwfnvQc_1oF26ClkoUSEQ=="
        },
        "request": {
          "clientIp": "203.0.113.178",
          "headers": {
            "host": [
              {
                "key": "Host",
                "value": "d111111abcdef8.cloudfront.net"
              }
            ],
            "user-agent": [
              {
                "key": "User-Agent",
                "value": "curl/7.66.0"
              }
            ],
            "accept": [
              {
                "key": "accept",
                "value": "*/*"
              }
            ]
          },
          "method": "GET",
          "querystring": "",
          "uri": "/"
        },
        "response": {
          "headers": {
            "access-control-allow-credentials": [
              {
                "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials",
                "value": "true"
              }
            ],
            "access-control-allow-origin": [
              {
                "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Origin",
                "value": "*"
              }
            ],
            "date": [
              {
                "key": "Date",
                "value": "Mon, 13 Jan 2020 20:14:56 GMT"
              }
            ],
            "referrer-policy": [
              {
                "key": "Referrer-Policy",
                "value": "no-referrer-when-downgrade"
              }
            ],
            "server": [
              {
                "key": "Server",
                "value": "ExampleCustomOriginServer"
              }
            ],
            "x-content-type-options": [
              {
                "key": "X-Content-Type-Options",
                "value": "nosniff"
              }
            ],
            "x-frame-options": [
              {
                "key": "X-Frame-Options",
                "value": "DENY"
              }
            ],
            "x-xss-protection": [
              {
                "key": "X-XSS-Protection",
                "value": "1; mode=block"
              }
            ],
            "age": [
              {
                "key": "Age",
                "value": "2402"
              }
            ],
            "content-type": [
              {
                "key": "Content-Type",
                "value": "text/html; charset=utf-8"
              }
            ],
            "content-length": [
              {
                "key": "Content-Length",
                "value": "9593"
              }
            ]
          },
          "status": "200",
          "statusDescription": "OK"
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

Response event fields

Response event object data is contained in three subobjects: config (Records.cf.config), request (Records.cf.request), and response (Records.cf.response). For more information about the fields in the request object, see Fields in the request object. The following lists describe the fields in the config and response subobjects.

Fields in the config object

The following list describes the fields in the config object (Records.cf.config).

distributionDomainName (read-only): The domain name of the distribution that's associated with the response.
distributionID (read-only): The ID of the distribution that's associated with the response.
eventType (read-only): The type of trigger that's associated with the response: origin-response or viewer-response.
requestId (read-only): An encrypted string that uniquely identifies the viewer-to-CloudFront request that this response is associated with. The requestId value also appears in CloudFront access logs as x-edge-request-id. For more information, see Standard logging (access logs) and Log file fields.

Fields in the response object

The following list describes the fields in the response object (Records.cf.response). For information about using a Lambda@Edge function to generate an HTTP response, see Generate HTTP responses in request triggers.

headers (read/write)

The headers in the response. Note the following:

The keys in the headers object are lowercase versions of standard HTTP header names. Using lowercase keys gives you case-insensitive access to the header values.
Each header object (for example, headers["content-type"] or headers["content-length"]) is an array of key–value pairs. For a given header, the array contains one key–value pair for each value in the response.
key contains the case-sensitive name of the header as it appears in the HTTP response; for example, Content-Type, Content-Length, Cookie, and so on.
value contains the header value as it appears in the HTTP response.
When your Lambda function adds or modifies response headers and you don't include the header key field, Lambda@Edge automatically inserts a header key using the header name that you provide. Regardless of how you've formatted the header name, the header key that's inserted automatically is formatted with initial capitalization for each part, separated by hyphens (-).

For example, you can add a header like the following, without a header key:
```
"content-type": [
  {
    "value": "text/html;charset=UTF-8"
  }
]
```
In this example, Lambda@Edge automatically inserts "key": "Content-Type".

For information about restrictions on header usage, see Restrictions on edge functions.

status

The HTTP status code of the response.

statusDescription

The HTTP status description of the response.

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