API endpoint types for REST APIs in API Gateway

An API endpoint type refers to the hostname of the API. The API endpoint type can be edge-optimized, regional, or private, depending on where the majority of your API traffic originates from.

Edge-optimized API endpoints

An edge-optimized API endpoint typically routes requests to the nearest CloudFront Point of Presence (POP), which could help in cases where your clients are geographically distributed. This is the default endpoint type for API Gateway REST APIs.

Edge-optimized APIs capitalize the names of HTTP headers (for example, Cookie).

CloudFront sorts HTTP cookies in natural order by cookie name before forwarding the request to your origin. For more information about the way CloudFront processes cookies, see Caching Content Based on Cookies.

Any custom domain name that you use for an edge-optimized API applies across all regions.

Regional API endpoints

A Regional API endpoint is intended for clients in the same region. When a client running on an EC2 instance calls an API in the same region, or when an API is intended to serve a small number of clients with high demands, a Regional API reduces connection overhead.

For a Regional API, any custom domain name that you use is specific to the region where the API is deployed. If you deploy a regional API in multiple regions, it can have the same custom domain name in all regions. You can use custom domains together with Amazon Route 53 to perform tasks such as latency-based routing. For more information, see Set up a Regional custom domain name in API Gateway and Set up an edge-optimized custom domain name in API Gateway.

Regional API endpoints pass all header names through as-is.

Note

In cases where API clients are geographically dispersed, it may still make sense to use a Regional API endpoint, together with your own Amazon CloudFront distribution to ensure that API Gateway does not associate the API with service-controlled CloudFront distributions. For more information about this use case, see How do I set up API Gateway with my own CloudFront distribution?.

Private API endpoints

A private API endpoint is an API endpoint that can only be accessed from your Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) using an interface VPC endpoint, which is an endpoint network interface (ENI) that you create in your VPC. For more information, see Private REST APIs in API Gateway.

Private API endpoints pass all header names through as-is.