Identity-based policy examples for AWS Cloud Map

By default, users and roles don't have permission to create or modify AWS Cloud Map resources. They also can't perform tasks by using the AWS Management Console, AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI), or AWS API. To grant users permission to perform actions on the resources that they need, an IAM administrator can create IAM policies. The administrator can then add the IAM policies to roles, and users can assume the roles.

To learn how to create an IAM identity-based policy by using these example JSON policy documents, see Creating IAM policies in the IAM User Guide.

For details about actions and resource types defined by AWS Cloud Map, including the format of the ARNs for each of the resource types, see Actions, resources, and condition keys for AWS Cloud Map in the Service Authorization Reference.

Policy best practices

Identity-based policies determine whether someone can create, access, or delete AWS Cloud Map resources in your account. These actions can incur costs for your AWS account. When you create or edit identity-based policies, follow these guidelines and recommendations:

• Get started with AWS managed policies and move toward least-privilege permissions – To get started granting permissions to your users and workloads, use the AWS managed policies that grant permissions for many common use cases. They are available in your AWS account. We recommend that you reduce permissions further by defining AWS customer managed policies that are specific to your use cases. For more information, see AWS managed policies or AWS managed policies for job functions in the IAM User Guide.

• Apply least-privilege permissions – When you set permissions with IAM policies, grant only the permissions required to perform a task. You do this by defining the actions that can be taken on specific resources under specific conditions, also known as least-privilege permissions. For more information about using IAM to apply permissions, see Policies and permissions in IAM in the IAM User Guide.

• Use conditions in IAM policies to further restrict access – You can add a condition to your policies to limit access to actions and resources. For example, you can write a policy condition to specify that all requests must be sent using SSL. You can also use conditions to grant access to service actions if they are used through a specific AWS service, such as AWS CloudFormation. For more information, see IAM JSON policy elements: Condition in the IAM User Guide.

• Use IAM Access Analyzer to validate your IAM policies to ensure secure and functional permissions – IAM Access Analyzer validates new and existing policies so that the policies adhere to the IAM policy language (JSON) and IAM best practices. IAM Access Analyzer provides more than 100 policy checks and actionable recommendations to help you author secure and functional policies. For more information, see IAM Access Analyzer policy validation in the IAM User Guide.

• Require multi-factor authentication (MFA) – If you have a scenario that requires IAM users or a root user in your AWS account, turn on MFA for additional security. To require MFA when API operations are called, add MFA conditions to your policies. For more information, see Configuring MFA-protected API access in the IAM User Guide.

For more information about best practices in IAM, see Security best practices in IAM in the IAM User Guide.

Using the AWS Cloud Map console

To access the AWS Cloud Map console, you must have a minimum set of permissions. These permissions must allow you to list and view details about the AWS Cloud Map resources in your AWS account. If you create an identity-based policy that is more restrictive than the minimum required permissions, the console won't function as intended for entities (users or roles) with that policy.

You don't need to allow minimum console permissions for users that are making calls only to the AWS CLI or the AWS API. Instead, allow access to only the actions that match the API operation that they're trying to perform.

To ensure that users and roles can still use the AWS Cloud Map console, also attach the AWS Cloud Map ConsoleAccess or ReadOnly AWS managed policy to the entities. For more information, see Adding permissions to a user in the IAM User Guide.

AWS Cloud Map console access example

To grant full access to the AWS Cloud Map console, you grant the permissions in the following permissions policy:

{
   "Version": "2012-10-17",
   "Statement":[
      {
         "Effect":"Allow",
         "Action":[
            "servicediscovery:*",
            "route53:GetHostedZone",
            "route53:ListHostedZonesByName",
            "route53:CreateHostedZone",
            "route53:DeleteHostedZone",
            "route53:ChangeResourceRecordSets",
            "route53:CreateHealthCheck",
            "route53:GetHealthCheck",
            "route53:DeleteHealthCheck",
            "route53:UpdateHealthCheck",
            "ec2:DescribeInstances",
            "ec2:DescribeVpcs",
            "ec2:DescribeRegions"
         ],
         "Resource":"*"
      }
   ]
}

Here's why the permissions are required:

servicediscovery:*

Lets you perform all AWS Cloud Map actions.

route53:CreateHostedZone, route53:GetHostedZone, route53:ListHostedZonesByName, route53:DeleteHostedZone

Lets AWS Cloud Map manage hosted zones when you create and delete public and private DNS namespaces.

route53:CreateHealthCheck, route53:GetHealthCheck, route53:DeleteHealthCheck, route53:UpdateHealthCheck

Lets AWS Cloud Map manage health checks when you include Amazon Route 53 health checks when you create a service.

ec2:DescribeVpcs and ec2:DescribeRegions

Let AWS Cloud Map manage private hosted zones.

Allow AWS Cloud Map users to view their own permissions

This example shows how you might create a policy that allows IAM users to view the inline and managed policies that are attached to their user identity. This policy includes permissions to complete this action on the console or programmatically using the AWS CLI or AWS API.

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Sid": "ViewOwnUserInfo",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:GetUserPolicy",
                "iam:ListGroupsForUser",
                "iam:ListAttachedUserPolicies",
                "iam:ListUserPolicies",
                "iam:GetUser"
            ],
            "Resource": ["arn:aws:iam::*:user/${aws:username}"]
        },
        {
            "Sid": "NavigateInConsole",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:GetGroupPolicy",
                "iam:GetPolicyVersion",
                "iam:GetPolicy",
                "iam:ListAttachedGroupPolicies",
                "iam:ListGroupPolicies",
                "iam:ListPolicyVersions",
                "iam:ListPolicies",
                "iam:ListUsers"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        }
    ]
}

Allow read access to all AWS Cloud Map resources

The following permissions policy grants the user read-only access to all AWS Cloud Map resources:

{
   "Version": "2012-10-17",
   "Statement":[
      {
         "Effect":"Allow",
         "Action":[
            "servicediscovery:Get*",
            "servicediscovery:List*",
            "servicediscovery:DiscoverInstances"
         ],
         "Resource":"*"
      }
   ]
}

AWS Cloud Map service instance example

The following example shows a permissions policy that grants a user permission to register, deregister, and discover service instances. The Sid, or statement ID, is optional:

{
   "Version": "2012-10-17",
   "Statement": [
      {
         "Sid" : "AllowInstancePermissions",
         "Effect": "Allow",
         "Action": [
            "servicediscovery:RegisterInstance",
            "servicediscovery:DeregisterInstance",
            "servicediscovery:DiscoverInstances",
            "servicediscovery:Get*",
            "servicediscovery:List*",
            "route53:GetHostedZone",
            "route53:ListHostedZonesByName",
            "route53:ChangeResourceRecordSets",
            "route53:CreateHealthCheck",
            "route53:GetHealthCheck",
            "route53:DeleteHealthCheck",
            "route53:UpdateHealthCheck",
            "ec2:DescribeInstances"
         ],
         "Resource": "*"
      }
   ]
}

The policy grants permissions to the actions that are required to register and manage service instances. The Route 53 permission is required if you're using public or private DNS namespaces because AWS Cloud Map creates, updates, and deletes Route 53 records and health checks when you register and deregister instances. The wildcard character (*) in Resource grants access to all AWS Cloud Map instances, and Route 53 records and health checks that are owned by the current AWS account.

Create AWS Cloud Map service example

When adding a permissions policy to allow an IAM identity to create a AWS Cloud Map service, you must specify the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of both the AWS Cloud Map namespace and service in the resource field. The ARN includes the Region, account ID, and namespace ID. Since you won't know what the service ID of the service is yet, we recommend using a wildcard. The following is an example policy snippet.

{
   "Version":"2012-10-17",
   "Statement":[
      {
         "Effect":"Allow",
         "Action":[
            "servicediscovery:CreateService"
         ],
         "Resource":[
            "arn:aws:servicediscovery:region:111122223333:namespace/ns-p32123EXAMPLE",
            "arn:aws:servicediscovery:region:111122223333:service/*"
         ]
      }
   ]
}

Create AWS Cloud Map namespaces example

The following permissions policy allows users to create all types of AWS Cloud Map namespaces:

{
   "Version": "2012-10-17",
   "Statement":[
      {
         "Effect":"Allow",
         "Action":[
            "servicediscovery:CreateHttpNamespace",
            "servicediscovery:CreatePrivateDnsNamespace",
            "servicediscovery:CreatePublicDnsNamespace",
            "route53:CreateHostedZone",
            "route53:GetHostedZone",
            "route53:ListHostedZonesByName",
            "ec2:DescribeVpcs",
            "ec2:DescribeRegions"
         ],
         "Resource":"*"
      }
   ]
}