AWS::ECS::Service - AWS CloudFormation
SyntaxPropertiesReturn valuesExamples

AWS::ECS::Service

The AWS::ECS::Service resource creates an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) service that runs and maintains the requested number of tasks and associated load balancers.

Syntax

To declare this entity in your AWS CloudFormation template, use the following syntax:

JSON

{
  "Type" : "AWS::ECS::Service",
  "Properties" : {
      "CapacityProviderStrategy" : [ CapacityProviderStrategyItem, ... ],
      "Cluster" : String,
      "DeploymentConfiguration" : DeploymentConfiguration,
      "DeploymentController" : DeploymentController,
      "DesiredCount" : Integer,
      "EnableECSManagedTags" : Boolean,
      "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds" : Integer,
      "LaunchType" : String,
      "LoadBalancers" : [ LoadBalancer, ... ],
      "NetworkConfiguration" : NetworkConfiguration,
      "PlacementConstraints" : [ PlacementConstraint, ... ],
      "PlacementStrategies" : [ PlacementStrategy, ... ],
      "PlatformVersion" : String,
      "PropagateTags" : String,
      "Role" : String,
      "SchedulingStrategy" : String,
      "ServiceArn" : String,
      "ServiceName" : String,
      "ServiceRegistries" : [ ServiceRegistry, ... ],
      "Tags" : [ Tag, ... ],
      "TaskDefinition" : String
    }
}

Properties

CapacityProviderStrategy

The capacity provider strategy to use for the service.

A capacity provider strategy consists of one or more capacity providers along with the base and weight to assign to them. A capacity provider must be associated with the cluster to be used in a capacity provider strategy. The PutClusterCapacityProviders API is used to associate a capacity provider with a cluster. Only capacity providers with an ACTIVE or UPDATING status can be used.

If a capacityProviderStrategy is specified, the launchType parameter must be omitted. If no capacityProviderStrategy or launchType is specified, the defaultCapacityProviderStrategy for the cluster is used.

If specifying a capacity provider that uses an Auto Scaling group, the capacity provider must already be created. New capacity providers can be created with the CreateCapacityProvider API operation.

To use a AWS Fargate capacity provider, specify either the FARGATE or FARGATE_SPOT capacity providers. The AWS Fargate capacity providers are available to all accounts and only need to be associated with a cluster to be used.

The PutClusterCapacityProviders API operation is used to update the list of available capacity providers for a cluster after the cluster is created.

Required: No

Type: List of CapacityProviderStrategyItem

Update requires: No interruption

Cluster

The short name or full Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the cluster on which to run your service. If you do not specify a cluster, the default cluster is assumed.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: Replacement

DeploymentConfiguration

Optional deployment parameters that control how many tasks run during the deployment and the ordering of stopping and starting tasks.

Required: No

Type: DeploymentConfiguration

Update requires: No interruption

DeploymentController

The deployment controller to use for the service.

Required: No

Type: DeploymentController

Update requires: Replacement

DesiredCount

The number of instantiations of the specified task definition to place and keep running on your cluster.

If a desired count is not specified, a default value of 1 is used. When using the DAEMON scheduling strategy, the desired count is not required.

Required: Conditional

Type: Integer

Update requires: No interruption

EnableECSManagedTags

Specifies whether to enable Amazon ECS managed tags for the tasks within the service. For more information, see Tagging Your Amazon ECS Resources in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: Boolean

Update requires: Replacement

HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds

The period of time, in seconds, that the Amazon ECS service scheduler should ignore unhealthy Elastic Load Balancing target health checks after a task has first started. This is only used when your service is configured to use a load balancer. If your service has a load balancer defined and you don't specify a health check grace period value, the default value of 0 is used.

If your service's tasks take a while to start and respond to Elastic Load Balancing health checks, you can specify a health check grace period of up to 2,147,483,647 seconds. During that time, the Amazon ECS service scheduler ignores health check status. This grace period can prevent the service scheduler from marking tasks as unhealthy and stopping them before they have time to come up.

Required: No

Type: Integer

Update requires: No interruption

LaunchType

The launch type on which to run your service. For more information, see Amazon ECS Launch Types in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: String

Allowed values: EC2 | FARGATE

Update requires: Replacement

LoadBalancers

A list of load balancer objects to associate with the service. If you specify the Role property, LoadBalancers must be specified as well. For information about the number of load balancers that you can specify per service, see Service Load Balancing in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: List of LoadBalancer

Update requires: Replacement

NetworkConfiguration

The network configuration for the service. This parameter is required for task definitions that use the awsvpc network mode to receive their own elastic network interface, and it is not supported for other network modes. For more information, see Task Networking in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: Conditional

Type: NetworkConfiguration

Update requires: No interruption

PlacementConstraints

An array of placement constraint objects to use for tasks in your service. You can specify a maximum of 10 constraints per task (this limit includes constraints in the task definition and those specified at runtime).

Required: No

Type: List of PlacementConstraint

Update requires: Replacement

PlacementStrategies

The placement strategy objects to use for tasks in your service. You can specify a maximum of five strategy rules per service. For more information, see Task Placement Strategies in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: List of PlacementStrategy

Update requires: Replacement

PlatformVersion

The platform version that your tasks in the service are running on. A platform version is specified only for tasks using the Fargate launch type. If one isn't specified, the LATEST platform version is used by default. For more information, see AWS Fargate platform versions in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: Replacement

PropagateTags

Specifies whether to propagate the tags from the task definition or the service to the tasks in the service. If no value is specified, the tags are not propagated. Tags can only be propagated to the tasks within the service during service creation. To add tags to a task after service creation, use the TagResource API action.

Required: No

Type: String

Allowed values: SERVICE | TASK_DEFINITION

Update requires: Replacement

Role

The name or full Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Amazon ECS to make calls to your load balancer on your behalf. This parameter is only permitted if you are using a load balancer with your service and your task definition does not use the awsvpc network mode. If you specify the role parameter, you must also specify a load balancer object with the loadBalancers parameter.

Important

If your account has already created the Amazon ECS service-linked role, that role is used by default for your service unless you specify a role here. The service-linked role is required if your task definition uses the awsvpc network mode or if the service is configured to use service discovery, an external deployment controller, multiple target groups, or Elastic Inference accelerators in which case you should not specify a role here. For more information, see Using service-linked roles for Amazon ECS in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

If your specified role has a path other than /, then you must either specify the full role ARN (this is recommended) or prefix the role name with the path. For example, if a role with the name bar has a path of /foo/ then you would specify /foo/bar as the role name. For more information, see Friendly names and paths in the IAM User Guide.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: Replacement

SchedulingStrategy

The scheduling strategy to use for the service. For more information, see Services.

There are two service scheduler strategies available:

  • REPLICA-The replica scheduling strategy places and maintains the desired number of tasks across your cluster. By default, the service scheduler spreads tasks across Availability Zones. You can use task placement strategies and constraints to customize task placement decisions. This scheduler strategy is required if the service is using the CODE_DEPLOY or EXTERNAL deployment controller types.

  • DAEMON-The daemon scheduling strategy deploys exactly one task on each active container instance that meets all of the task placement constraints that you specify in your cluster. The service scheduler also evaluates the task placement constraints for running tasks and will stop tasks that do not meet the placement constraints. When you're using this strategy, you don't need to specify a desired number of tasks, a task placement strategy, or use Service Auto Scaling policies.

    Note

    Tasks using the Fargate launch type or the CODE_DEPLOY or EXTERNAL deployment controller types don't support the DAEMON scheduling strategy.

Required: No

Type: String

Allowed values: DAEMON | REPLICA

Update requires: Replacement

ServiceArn

The ARN that identifies the service. The ARN contains the arn:aws:ecs namespace, followed by the Region of the service, the AWS account ID of the service owner, the service namespace, and then the service name. For example, arn:aws:ecs:region:012345678910:service/my-service.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: No interruption

ServiceName

The name of your service. Up to 255 letters (uppercase and lowercase), numbers, and hyphens are allowed. Service names must be unique within a cluster, but you can have similarly named services in multiple clusters within a Region or across multiple Regions.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: Replacement

ServiceRegistries

The details of the service discovery registries to assign to this service. For more information, see Service discovery.

Note

Service discovery is supported for Fargate tasks if you are using platform version v1.1.0 or later. For more information, see AWS Fargate platform versions.

Required: No

Type: List of ServiceRegistry

Update requires: Replacement

Tags

The metadata that you apply to the service to help you categorize and organize them. Each tag consists of a key and an optional value, both of which you define. When a service is deleted, the tags are deleted as well.

The following basic restrictions apply to tags:

  • Maximum number of tags per resource - 50

  • For each resource, each tag key must be unique, and each tag key can have only one value.

  • Maximum key length - 128 Unicode characters in UTF-8

  • Maximum value length - 256 Unicode characters in UTF-8

  • If your tagging schema is used across multiple services and resources, remember that other services may have restrictions on allowed characters. Generally allowed characters are: letters, numbers, and spaces representable in UTF-8, and the following characters: + - = . _ : / @.

  • Tag keys and values are case-sensitive.

  • Do not use aws:, AWS:, or any upper or lowercase combination of such as a prefix for either keys or values as it is reserved for AWS use. You cannot edit or delete tag keys or values with this prefix. Tags with this prefix do not count against your tags per resource limit.

Required: No

Type: List of Tag

Maximum: 50

Update requires: No interruption

TaskDefinition

The family and revision (family:revision) or full ARN of the task definition to run in your service. The revision is required in order for the resource to stabilize.

A task definition must be specified if the service is using either the ECS or CODE_DEPLOY deployment controllers.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: No interruption

Return values

Ref

When you pass the logical ID of this resource to the intrinsic Ref function, Ref returns the Amazon Resource Name (ARN).

In the following example, the Ref function returns the ARN of the MyECSService service, such as arn:aws:ecs:us-west-2:123456789012:service/sample-webapp.

{ "Ref": "MyECSService" }

For more information about using the Ref function, see Ref.

Fn::GetAtt

The Fn::GetAtt intrinsic function returns a value for a specified attribute of this type. The following are the available attributes and sample return values.

For more information about using the Fn::GetAtt intrinsic function, see Fn::GetAtt.

Name

The name of the Amazon ECS service, such as sample-webapp.

Examples

Define a basic service

The following example defines a service with a desired count of 1 that uses a cluster and task definition that are declared elsewhere in the same template.

JSON

"ECSService": {
  "Type": "AWS::ECS::Service",
  "Properties" : {
    "Cluster": { "Ref": "ECSCluster" },
    "DesiredCount": 1,
    "TaskDefinition" : { "Ref": "ECSTaskDefinition" }
  }
}

YAML

ECSService: 
  Type: AWS::ECS::Service
  Properties: 
    Cluster: 
      Ref: "ECSCluster"
    DesiredCount: 1
    TaskDefinition: 
      Ref: "ECSTaskDefinition"

Associate an Application Load Balancer with a service

The following example associates an Application Load Balancer with an Amazon ECS service by referencing an AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup resource.

Note

The Amazon ECS service requires an explicit dependency on the Application Load Balancer listener rule and the Application Load Balancer listener. This prevents the service from starting before the listener is ready.

JSON

"ECSService" : {
    "Type": "AWS::ECS::Service",
    "DependsOn": [
        "Listener"
    ],
    "Properties": {
        "Role": {
            "Ref": "ECSServiceRole"
        },
        "TaskDefinition": {
            "Ref": "ECSTaskDefinition"
        },
        "DesiredCount": "1",
        "LoadBalancers": [
            {
                "TargetGroupArn": {
                    "Ref": "TargetGroup"
                },
                "ContainerPort": "80",
                "ContainerName": "sample-app"
            }
        ],
        "Cluster": {
            "Ref": "ECSCluster"
        }
    }
}

YAML

ECSService:
  Type: AWS::ECS::Service
  DependsOn:
  - Listener
  Properties:
    Role:
      Ref: ECSServiceRole
    TaskDefinition:
      Ref: ECSTaskDefinition
    DesiredCount: 1
    LoadBalancers:
    - TargetGroupArn:
        Ref: TargetGroup
      ContainerPort: 80
      ContainerName: sample-app
    Cluster:
      Ref: ECSCluster

Define a service with a health check grace period

The following example defines a service with a parameter that enables users to specify how many seconds that the Amazon ECS service scheduler should ignore unhealthy Elastic Load Balancing target health checks after a task has first started.

JSON

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion" : "2010-09-09",
  "Description" : "Creating ECS service",
  "Parameters": {
    "AppName": {
      "Type":"String",
      "Description": "Name of app requiring ELB exposure",
      "Default": "simple-app"
    },
    "AppContainerPort": {
      "Type":"Number",
      "Description": "Container port of app requiring ELB exposure",
      "Default": "80"
    },
    "AppHostPort": {
      "Type":"Number",
      "Description": "Host port of app requiring ELB exposure",
      "Default": "80"
    },
    "ServiceName": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "LoadBalancerName": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds": {
      "Type": "String"
    }
  },
  "Resources": {
    "ECSCluster": {
      "Type": "AWS::ECS::Cluster"
    },
    "taskdefinition": {
      "Type": "AWS::ECS::TaskDefinition",
      "Properties" : {
        "ContainerDefinitions" : [
          {
            "Name": {"Ref": "AppName"},
            "MountPoints": [
              {
                "SourceVolume": "my-vol",
                "ContainerPath": "/var/www/my-vol"
              }
            ],
            "Image":"amazon/amazon-ecs-sample",
            "Cpu": "10",
            "PortMappings":[
              {
                "ContainerPort": {"Ref":"AppContainerPort"},
                "HostPort": {"Ref":"AppHostPort"}
              }
            ],
            "EntryPoint": [
              "/usr/sbin/apache2",
              "-D",
              "FOREGROUND"
            ],
            "Memory":"500",
            "Essential": "true"
          },
          {
            "Name": "busybox",
            "Image": "busybox",
            "Cpu": "10",
            "EntryPoint": [
              "sh",
              "-c"
            ],
            "Memory": "500",
            "Command": [
              "/bin/sh -c \"while true; do /bin/date > /var/www/my-vol/date; sleep 1; done\""
            ],
            "Essential" : "false",
            "VolumesFrom": [
              {
                "SourceContainer": {"Ref":"AppName"}
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "Volumes": [
          {
            "Host": {
              "SourcePath": "/var/lib/docker/vfs/dir/"
            },
            "Name": "my-vol"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "ECSService": {
      "Type": "AWS::ECS::Service",
      "Properties" : {
        "Cluster": {"Ref": "ECSCluster"},
        "DeploymentConfiguration": {
          "MaximumPercent": 200,
          "MinimumHealthyPercent": 100
        },
        "DesiredCount": 0,
        "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds": {"Ref": "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds"},
        "LoadBalancers": [{
          "ContainerName": {"Ref" : "AppName"},
          "ContainerPort": {"Ref":"AppContainerPort"},
          "LoadBalancerName": {"Ref": "elb"}
        }],
        "PlacementStrategies": [{
          "Type" : "binpack",
          "Field": "memory"
        }, {
          "Type": "spread",
          "Field": "host"
        }],
        "PlacementConstraints": [{
          "Type": "memberOf",
          "Expression": "attribute:ecs.availability-zone != us-east-1d"
        }, {
          "Type": "distinctInstance"
        }],
        "TaskDefinition" : {"Ref":"taskdefinition"},
        "ServiceName": {"Ref": "ServiceName"},
        "Role": {"Ref": "Role"}
      }
    },
    "elb": {
      "Type": "AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer",
      "Properties": {
        "LoadBalancerName": {"Ref": "LoadBalancerName"},
        "Listeners": [{
          "InstancePort": {"Ref": "AppHostPort"},
          "LoadBalancerPort": "80",
          "Protocol": "HTTP"
        }],
        "Subnets": [{"Ref":"Subnet1"}]
      },
      "DependsOn": "GatewayAttachment"
    },
    "VPC": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPC",
      "Properties": {
        "CidrBlock": "10.0.0.0/24"
      }
    },
    "Subnet1": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties": {
        "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" },
        "CidrBlock": "10.0.0.0/25"
      }
    },
    "InternetGateway": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::InternetGateway"
    },
    "GatewayAttachment": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment",
      "Properties": {
        "InternetGatewayId": {"Ref": "InternetGateway"},
        "VpcId": {"Ref": "VPC"}
      }
    },
    "Role": {
      "Type": "AWS::IAM::Role",
      "Properties": {
        "AssumeRolePolicyDocument": {
          "Version": "2008-10-17",
          "Statement": [
            {
              "Sid": "",
              "Effect": "Allow",
              "Principal": {
                "Service": "ecs.amazonaws.com"
              },
              "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
            }
          ]
        },
        "ManagedPolicyArns": ["arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AmazonEC2ContainerServiceRole"]
      }
    }
  },
  "Outputs" : {
    "Cluster": {
      "Value": {"Ref" : "ECSCluster"}
    }
  }
}

YAML

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Creating ECS service
Parameters:
  AppName:
    Type: String
    Description: Name of app requiring ELB exposure
    Default: simple-app
  AppContainerPort:
    Type: Number
    Description: Container port of app requiring ELB exposure
    Default: '80'
  AppHostPort:
    Type: Number
    Description: Host port of app requiring ELB exposure
    Default: '80'
  ServiceName:
    Type: String
  LoadBalancerName:
    Type: String
  HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds:
    Type: String
Resources:
  cluster:
    Type: AWS::ECS::Cluster
  taskdefinition:
    Type: AWS::ECS::TaskDefinition
    Properties:
      ContainerDefinitions:
        - Name: !Ref AppName
          MountPoints:
            - SourceVolume: my-vol
              ContainerPath: /var/www/my-vol
          Image: amazon/amazon-ecs-sample
          Cpu: '10'
          PortMappings:
            - ContainerPort: !Ref AppContainerPort
              HostPort: !Ref AppHostPort
          EntryPoint:
            - /usr/sbin/apache2
            - '-D'
            - FOREGROUND
          Memory: '500'
          Essential: true
        - Name: busybox
          Image: busybox
          Cpu: '10'
          EntryPoint:
            - sh
            - '-c'
          Memory: '500'
          Command:
            - >-
              /bin/sh -c "while true; do /bin/date > /var/www/my-vol/date; sleep
              1; done"
          Essential: false
          VolumesFrom:
            - SourceContainer: !Ref AppName
      Volumes:
        - Host:
            SourcePath: /var/lib/docker/vfs/dir/
          Name: my-vol
  service:
    Type: AWS::ECS::Service
    Properties:
      Cluster: !Ref cluster
      DeploymentConfiguration:
        MaximumPercent: 200
        MinimumHealthyPercent: 100
      DesiredCount: 0
      HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds: !Ref HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds
      LoadBalancers:
        - ContainerName: !Ref AppName
          ContainerPort: !Ref AppContainerPort
          LoadBalancerName: !Ref elb
      PlacementStrategies:
        - Type: binpack
          Field: memory
        - Type: spread
          Field: host
      PlacementConstraints:
        - Type: memberOf
          Expression: 'attribute:ecs.availability-zone != us-east-1d'
        - Type: distinctInstance
      TaskDefinition: !Ref taskdefinition
      ServiceName: !Ref ServiceName
      Role: !Ref Role
  elb:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer
    Properties:
      LoadBalancerName: !Ref LoadBalancerName
      Listeners:
        - InstancePort: !Ref AppHostPort
          LoadBalancerPort: '80'
          Protocol: HTTP
      Subnets:
        - !Ref Subnet1
    DependsOn: GatewayAttachment
  VPC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/24
  Subnet1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/25
  InternetGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway
  GatewayAttachment:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
  Role:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: 2008-10-17
        Statement:
          - Sid: ''
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service: ecs.amazonaws.com
            Action: 'sts:AssumeRole'
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AmazonEC2ContainerServiceRole'
Outputs:
  Cluster:
    Value: !Ref cluster