Amazon CloudWatch metrics for Amazon RDS - Amazon Relational Database Service
Amazon CloudWatch instance-level metrics for Amazon RDSAmazon CloudWatch usage metrics for Amazon RDS

Amazon CloudWatch metrics for Amazon RDS

Amazon RDS publishes metrics to Amazon CloudWatch in the AWS/RDS and AWS/Usage namespaces.

Amazon CloudWatch instance-level metrics for Amazon RDS

The AWS/RDS namespace in Amazon CloudWatch includes the following instance-level metrics.

Note

The Amazon RDS console might display metrics in units that are different from the units sent to Amazon CloudWatch. For example, the Amazon RDS console might display a metric in megabytes (MB), while the metric is sent to Amazon CloudWatch in bytes.

Metric Console name Description Units
BinLogDiskUsage

Binary Log Disk Usage (MB)

The amount of disk space occupied by binary logs. If automatic backups are enabled for MySQL and MariaDB instances, including read replicas, binary logs are created.

Bytes
BurstBalance

Burst Balance (Percent)

The percent of General Purpose SSD (gp2) burst-bucket I/O credits available.

Percent
CheckpointLag Checkpoint Lag (Milliseconds)

The amount of time since the most recent checkpoint. Applies to only RDS for PostgreSQL.

Seconds

ConnectionAttempts

Connection Attempts (Count)

The number of attempts to connect to an instance, whether successful or not.

Count
CPUUtilization

CPU Utilization (Percent)

The percentage of CPU utilization.

Percent
CPUCreditUsage

CPU Credit Usage (Count)

(T2 instances) The number of CPU credits spent by the instance for CPU utilization. One CPU credit equals one vCPU running at 100 percent utilization for one minute or an equivalent combination of vCPUs, utilization, and time. For example, you might have one vCPU running at 50 percent utilization for two minutes or two vCPUs running at 25 percent utilization for two minutes.

CPU credit metrics are available at a five-minute frequency only. If you specify a period greater than five minutes, use the Sum statistic instead of the Average statistic.

Credits (vCPU-minutes)
CPUCreditBalance

CPU Credit Balance (Count)

(T2 instances) The number of earned CPU credits that an instance has accrued since it was launched or started. For T2 Standard, the CPUCreditBalance also includes the number of launch credits that have been accrued.

Credits are accrued in the credit balance after they are earned, and removed from the credit balance when they are spent. The credit balance has a maximum limit, determined by the instance size. After the limit is reached, any new credits that are earned are discarded. For T2 Standard, launch credits don't count towards the limit.

The credits in the CPUCreditBalance are available for the instance to spend to burst beyond its baseline CPU utilization.

When an instance is running, credits in the CPUCreditBalance don't expire. When the instance stops, the CPUCreditBalance does not persist, and all accrued credits are lost.

CPU credit metrics are available at a five-minute frequency only.

Launch credits work the same way in Amazon RDS as they do in Amazon EC2. For more information, see Launch credits in the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Linux Instances.

Credits (vCPU-minutes)
DatabaseConnections

DB Connections (Count)

The number of client network connections to the database instance.

The number of database sessions can be higher than the metric value because the metric value doesn't include the following:

  • Sessions that no longer have a network connection but which the database hasn't cleaned up

  • Sessions created by the database engine for its own purposes

  • Sessions created by the database engine's parallel execution capabilities

  • Sessions created by the database engine job scheduler

  • Amazon RDS connections

Count
DiskQueueDepth

Queue Depth (Count)

The number of outstanding I/Os (read/write requests) waiting to access the disk.

Count
EBSByteBalance%

EBS Byte Balance (Percent)

The percentage of throughput credits remaining in the burst bucket of your RDS database. This metric is available for basic monitoring only.

The metric value is based on the throughput and IOPS of all volumes, including the root volume, rather than on only those volumes containing database files.

To find the instance sizes that support this metric, see the instance sizes with an asterisk (*) in the EBS optimized by default table in Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. The Sum statistic is not applicable to this metric.

Percent
EBSIOBalance%

EBS IO Balance (Percent)

The percentage of I/O credits remaining in the burst bucket of your RDS database. This metric is available for basic monitoring only.

The metric value is based on the throughput and IOPS of all volumes, including the root volume, rather than on only those volumes containing database files.

To find the instance sizes that support this metric, see the instance sizes with an asterisk (*) in the EBS optimized by default table in Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. The Sum statistic is not applicable to this metric.

This metric is different from BurstBalance. To learn how to use this metric, see Improving application performance and reducing costs with Amazon EBS-Optimized Instance burst capability.

Percent
FailedSQLServerAgentJobsCount

Failed SQL Server Agent Jobs Count (Count/Minute)

The number of failed Microsoft SQL Server Agent jobs during the last minute.

Count/Minute
FreeableMemory

Freeable Memory (MB)

The amount of available random access memory.

For MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, and PostgreSQL DB instances, this metric reports the value of the MemAvailable field of /proc/meminfo.

Bytes
FreeLocalStorage

Free Local Storage (MB)

The amount of available local storage space.

This metric only applies to DB instance classes with NVMe SSD instance store volumes. For information about Amazon EC2 instances with NVMe SSD instance store volumes, see Instance store volumes. The equivalent RDS DB instance classes have the same instance store volumes. For example, the db.m6gd and db.r6gd DB instance classes have NVMe SSD instance store volumes.

(This doesn't apply to Aurora Serverless v2.)

Bytes
FreeStorageSpace

Free Storage Space (MB)

The amount of available storage space.

Bytes
MaximumUsedTransactionIDs

Maximum Used Transaction IDs (Count)

The maximum transaction IDs that have been used. Applies to only PostgreSQL.

Count
NetworkReceiveThroughput

Network Receive Throughput (MB/Second)

The incoming (receive) network traffic on the DB instance, including both customer database traffic and Amazon RDS traffic used for monitoring and replication.

Bytes/Second
NetworkTransmitThroughput

Network Transmit Throughput (MB/Second)

The outgoing (transmit) network traffic on the DB instance, including both customer database traffic and Amazon RDS traffic used for monitoring and replication.

Bytes/Second
OldestReplicationSlotLag

Oldest Replication Slot Lag (MB)

The lagging size of the replica lagging the most in terms of write-ahead log (WAL) data received. Applies to PostgreSQL.

Bytes
ReadIOPS

Read IOPS (Count/Second)

The average number of disk read I/O operations per second.

Count/Second
ReadIOPSLocalStorage

Read IOPS Local Storage (Count/Second)

The average number of disk read I/O operations to local storage per second.

This metric only applies to DB instance classes with NVMe SSD instance store volumes. For information about Amazon EC2 instances with NVMe SSD instance store volumes, see Instance store volumes. The equivalent RDS DB instance classes have the same instance store volumes. For example, the db.m6gd and db.r6gd DB instance classes have NVMe SSD instance store volumes.

Count/Second
ReadLatency

Read Latency (Milliseconds)

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation.

Seconds
ReadLatencyLocalStorage

Read Latency Local Storage (Milliseconds)

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation for local storage.

This metric only applies to DB instance classes with NVMe SSD instance store volumes. For information about Amazon EC2 instances with NVMe SSD instance store volumes, see Instance store volumes. The equivalent RDS DB instance classes have the same instance store volumes. For example, the db.m6gd and db.r6gd DB instance classes have NVMe SSD instance store volumes.

Seconds
ReadThroughput

Read Throughput (MB/Second)

The average number of bytes read from disk per second.

Bytes/Second
ReadThroughputLocalStorage

Read Throughput Local Storage (MB/Second)

The average number of bytes read from disk per second for local storage.

This metric only applies to DB instance classes with NVMe SSD instance store volumes. For information about Amazon EC2 instances with NVMe SSD instance store volumes, see Instance store volumes. The equivalent RDS DB instance classes have the same instance store volumes. For example, the db.m6gd and db.r6gd DB instance classes have NVMe SSD instance store volumes.

Bytes/Second
ReplicaLag

Replica Lag (Milliseconds)

For read replica configurations, the amount of time a read replica DB instance lags behind the source DB instance. Applies to MariaDB, Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, and PostgreSQL read replicas.

For Multi-AZ DB clusters, the difference in time between the latest transaction on the writer DB instance and the latest applied transaction on a reader DB instance.

Seconds
ReplicationSlotDiskUsage

Replica Slot Disk Usage (MB)

The disk space used by replication slot files. Applies to PostgreSQL.

Bytes
SwapUsage

Swap Usage (MB)

The amount of swap space used on the DB instance. This metric is not available for SQL Server.

Bytes
TransactionLogsDiskUsage

Transaction Logs Disk Usage (MB)

The disk space used by transaction logs. Applies to PostgreSQL.

Bytes
TransactionLogsGeneration

Transaction Logs Generation (MB/Second)

The size of transaction logs generated per second. Applies to PostgreSQL.

Bytes/Second
WriteIOPS

Write IOPS (Count/Second)

The average number of disk write I/O operations per second.

Count/Second
WriteIOPSLocalStorage

Write IOPS Local Storage (Count/Second)

The average number of disk write I/O operations per second on local storage.

This metric only applies to DB instance classes with NVMe SSD instance store volumes. For information about Amazon EC2 instances with NVMe SSD instance store volumes, see Instance store volumes. The equivalent RDS DB instance classes have the same instance store volumes. For example, the db.m6gd and db.r6gd DB instance classes have NVMe SSD instance store volumes.

Count/Second
WriteLatency

Write Latency (Milliseconds)

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation.

Seconds
WriteLatencyLocalStorage

Write Latency Local Storage (Milliseconds)

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation on local storage.

This metric only applies to DB instance classes with NVMe SSD instance store volumes. For information about Amazon EC2 instances with NVMe SSD instance store volumes, see Instance store volumes. The equivalent RDS DB instance classes have the same instance store volumes. For example, the db.m6gd and db.r6gd DB instance classes have NVMe SSD instance store volumes.

Milliseconds
WriteThroughput

Write Throughput (MB/Second)

The average number of bytes written to disk per second.

Bytes/Second
WriteThroughputLocalStorage

Write Throughput Local Storage (MB/Second)

The average number of bytes written to disk per second for local storage.

This metric only applies to DB instance classes with NVMe SSD instance store volumes. For information about Amazon EC2 instances with NVMe SSD instance store volumes, see Instance store volumes. The equivalent RDS DB instance classes have the same instance store volumes. For example, the db.m6gd and db.r6gd DB instance classes have NVMe SSD instance store volumes.

Bytes/Second

Amazon CloudWatch usage metrics for Amazon RDS

The AWS/Usage namespace in Amazon CloudWatch includes account-level usage metrics for your Amazon RDS service quotas. CloudWatch collects usage metrics automatically for all AWS Regions.

For more information, see CloudWatch usage metrics in the Amazon CloudWatch User Guide. For more information about quotas, see Quotas and constraints for Amazon RDS and Requesting a quota increase in the Service Quotas User Guide.

Metric Description Units*
AllocatedStorage

The total storage for all DB instances. The sum excludes temporary migration instances.

Gigabytes
DBClusterParameterGroups

The number of DB cluster parameter groups in your AWS account. The count excludes default parameter groups.

Count
DBClusters

The number of Amazon Aurora DB clusters in your AWS account.

Count
DBInstances

The number of DB instances in your AWS account.

Count
DBParameterGroups

The number of DB parameter groups in your AWS account. The count excludes the default DB parameter groups.

Count
DBSecurityGroups

The number of security groups in your AWS account. The count excludes the default security group and the default VPC security group.

Count
DBSubnetGroups

The number of DB subnet groups in your AWS account. The count excludes the default subnet group.

Count
ManualClusterSnapshots

The number of manually created DB cluster snapshots in your AWS account. The count excludes invalid snapshots.

Count
ManualSnapshots

The number of manually created DB snapshots in your AWS account. The count excludes invalid snapshots.

Count
OptionGroups

The number of option groups in your AWS account. The count excludes the default option groups.

Count
ReservedDBInstances

The number of reserved DB instances in your AWS account. The count excludes retired or declined instances.

Count

* Amazon RDS doesn't publish units for usage metrics to CloudWatch. The units only appear in the documentation.