Creating a bucket - Amazon Simple Storage Service

Creating a bucket

To upload your data to Amazon S3, you must first create an Amazon S3 bucket in one of the AWS Regions. When you create a bucket, you must choose a bucket name and Region. You can optionally choose other storage management options for the bucket. After you create a bucket, you cannot change the bucket name or Region. For information about naming buckets, see Bucket naming rules.

The AWS account that creates the bucket owns it. You can upload any number of objects to the bucket. By default, you can create up to 100 buckets in each of your AWS accounts. If you need more buckets, you can increase your account bucket limit to a maximum of 1,000 buckets by submitting a service limit increase. To learn how to submit a bucket limit increase, see AWS service quotas in the AWS General Reference. You can store any number of objects in a bucket.

S3 Object Ownership is an Amazon S3 bucket-level setting that you can use to disable access control lists (ACLs) and take ownership of every object in your bucket, simplifying access management for data stored in Amazon S3. By default, when another AWS account uploads an object to your Amazon S3 bucket, that account (the object writer) owns the object, has access to it, and can grant other users access to it through ACLs. When you create a bucket, you can apply the bucket owner enforced setting for Object Ownership to change this default behavior so that ACLs are disabled and you, as the bucket owner, automatically own every object in your bucket. As a result, access control for your data is based on policies. For more information, see Controlling ownership of objects and disabling ACLs for your bucket.

You can use the Amazon S3 console, Amazon S3 APIs, AWS CLI, or AWS SDKs to create a bucket. For more information about the permissions required to create a bucket, see CreateBucket in the Amazon Simple Storage Service API Reference.

  1. Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the Amazon S3 console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3/.

  2. Choose Create bucket.

    The Create bucket wizard opens.

  3. In Bucket name, enter a DNS-compliant name for your bucket.

    The bucket name must:

    • Be unique across all of Amazon S3.

    • Be between 3 and 63 characters long.

    • Not contain uppercase characters.

    • Start with a lowercase letter or number.

    After you create the bucket, you cannot change its name. For information about naming buckets, see Bucket naming rules.

    Important

    Avoid including sensitive information, such as account number, in the bucket name. The bucket name is visible in the URLs that point to the objects in the bucket.

  4. In Region, choose the AWS Region where you want the bucket to reside.

    Choose a Region close to you to minimize latency and costs and address regulatory requirements. Objects stored in a Region never leave that Region unless you explicitly transfer them to another Region. For a list of Amazon S3 AWS Regions, see AWS service endpoints in the Amazon Web Services General Reference.

  5. Under Object Ownership, to disable or enable ACLs and control ownership of objects uploaded in your bucket, choose one of the following settings:

    ACLs disabled

    • Bucket owner enforced – ACLs are disabled, and the bucket owner automatically owns and has full control over every object in the bucket. ACLs no longer affect permissions to data in the S3 bucket. The bucket uses policies to define access control.

      To require that all new buckets are created with ACLs disabled by using IAM or AWS Organizations policies, see Disabling ACLs for all new buckets (bucket owner enforced).

    ACLs enabled

    • Bucket owner preferred – The bucket owner owns and has full control over new objects that other accounts write to the bucket with the bucket-owner-full-control canned ACL.

      If you apply the bucket owner preferred setting, to require all Amazon S3 uploads to include the bucket-owner-full-control canned ACL, you can add a bucket policy that only allows object uploads that use this ACL.

    • Object writer – The AWS account that uploads an object owns the object, has full control over it, and can grant other users access to it through ACLs.

    Note

    To apply the Bucket owner enforced setting or the Bucket owner preferred setting, you must have the following permission: s3:CreateBucket and s3:PutBucketOwnershipControls.

  6. In Bucket settings for Block Public Access, choose the Block Public Access settings that you want to apply to the bucket.

    We recommend that you keep all settings enabled unless you know that you need to turn off one or more of them for your use case, such as to host a public website. Block Public Access settings that you enable for the bucket are also enabled for all access points that you create on the bucket. For more information about blocking public access, see Blocking public access to your Amazon S3 storage.

  7. (Optional) If you want to enable S3 Object Lock, do the following:

    1. Choose Advanced settings.

      Important

      You can only enable S3 Object Lock for a bucket when you create it. If you enable Object Lock for the bucket, you cannot disable it later. Enabling Object Lock also enables versioning for the bucket. After you enable Object Lock for the bucket, you must configure the Object Lock default retention and legal hold settings to protect new objects from being deleted or overwritten. For more information, see Configuring S3 Object Lock using the console.

    2. If you want to enable Object Lock, choose Enable, read the warning that appears, and acknowledge it.

    For more information about the S3 Object Lock feature, see Using S3 Object Lock.

    Note

    To create an Object Lock enabled bucket, you must have the following permissions: s3:CreateBucket, s3:PutBucketVersioning and s3:PutBucketObjectLockConfiguration.

  8. Choose Create bucket.

When you use the AWS SDKs to create a bucket, you must create a client and then use the client to send a request to create a bucket. As a best practice, you should create your client and bucket in the same AWS Region. If you don't specify a Region when you create a client or a bucket, Amazon S3 uses the default Region US East (N. Virginia).

To create a client to access a dual-stack endpoint, you must specify an AWS Region. For more information, see Dual-stack endpoints. For a list of available AWS Regions, see Regions and endpoints in the AWS General Reference.

When you create a client, the Region maps to the Region-specific endpoint. The client uses this endpoint to communicate with Amazon S3: s3.<region>.amazonaws.com. If your Region launched after March 20, 2019, your client and bucket must be in the same Region. However, you can use a client in the US East (N. Virginia) Region to create a bucket in any Region that launched before March 20, 2019. For more information, see Legacy endpoints.

These AWS SDK code examples perform the following tasks:

  • Create a client by explicitly specifying an AWS Region — In the example, the client uses the s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com endpoint to communicate with Amazon S3. You can specify any AWS Region. For a list of AWS Regions, see Regions and endpoints in the AWS General Reference.

  • Send a create bucket request by specifying only a bucket name — The client sends a request to Amazon S3 to create the bucket in the Region where you created a client.

  • Retrieve information about the location of the bucket — Amazon S3 stores bucket location information in the location subresource that is associated with the bucket.

Java

This example shows how to create an Amazon S3 bucket using the AWS SDK for Java. For instructions on creating and testing a working sample, see Testing the Amazon S3 Java Code Examples. 


import com.amazonaws.AmazonServiceException;
import com.amazonaws.SdkClientException;
import com.amazonaws.auth.profile.ProfileCredentialsProvider;
import com.amazonaws.regions.Regions;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3ClientBuilder;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.CreateBucketRequest;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.GetBucketLocationRequest;

import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateBucket2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Regions clientRegion = Regions.DEFAULT_REGION;
        String bucketName = "*** Bucket name ***";

        try {
            AmazonS3 s3Client = AmazonS3ClientBuilder.standard()
                    .withCredentials(new ProfileCredentialsProvider())
                    .withRegion(clientRegion)
                    .build();

            if (!s3Client.doesBucketExistV2(bucketName)) {
                // Because the CreateBucketRequest object doesn't specify a region, the
                // bucket is created in the region specified in the client.
                s3Client.createBucket(new CreateBucketRequest(bucketName));

                // Verify that the bucket was created by retrieving it and checking its location.
                String bucketLocation = s3Client.getBucketLocation(new GetBucketLocationRequest(bucketName));
                System.out.println("Bucket location: " + bucketLocation);
            }
        } catch (AmazonServiceException e) {
            // The call was transmitted successfully, but Amazon S3 couldn't process 
            // it and returned an error response.
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SdkClientException e) {
            // Amazon S3 couldn't be contacted for a response, or the client
            // couldn't parse the response from Amazon S3.
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
.NET

For information about how to create and test a working sample, see Running the Amazon S3 .NET Code Examples.

using Amazon;
using Amazon.S3;
using Amazon.S3.Model;
using Amazon.S3.Util;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Amazon.DocSamples.S3
{
    class CreateBucketTest
    {
        private const string bucketName = "*** bucket name ***";
        // Specify your bucket region (an example region is shown).
        private static readonly RegionEndpoint bucketRegion = RegionEndpoint.USWest2;
        private static IAmazonS3 s3Client;
        public static void Main()
        {
            s3Client = new AmazonS3Client(bucketRegion);
            CreateBucketAsync().Wait();
        }

        static async Task CreateBucketAsync()
        {
            try
            {
                if (!(await AmazonS3Util.DoesS3BucketExistAsync(s3Client, bucketName)))
                {
                    var putBucketRequest = new PutBucketRequest
                    {
                        BucketName = bucketName,
                        UseClientRegion = true
                    };

                    PutBucketResponse putBucketResponse = await s3Client.PutBucketAsync(putBucketRequest);
                }
                // Retrieve the bucket location.
                string bucketLocation = await FindBucketLocationAsync(s3Client);
            }
            catch (AmazonS3Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error encountered on server. Message:'{0}' when writing an object", e.Message);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Unknown encountered on server. Message:'{0}' when writing an object", e.Message);
            }
        }
        static async Task<string> FindBucketLocationAsync(IAmazonS3 client)
        {
            string bucketLocation;
            var request = new GetBucketLocationRequest()
            {
                BucketName = bucketName
            };
            GetBucketLocationResponse response = await client.GetBucketLocationAsync(request);
            bucketLocation = response.Location.ToString();
            return bucketLocation;
        }
    }
}
Ruby

For information about how to create and test a working sample, see Using the AWS SDK for Ruby - Version 3. 

require "aws-sdk-s3"

# Wraps Amazon S3 bucket actions.
class BucketCreateWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket

  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] An Amazon S3 bucket initialized with a name. This is a client-side object until
  #                                 create is called.
  def initialize(bucket)
    @bucket = bucket
  end

  # Creates an Amazon S3 bucket in the specified AWS Region.
  #
  # @param region [String] The Region where the bucket is created.
  # @return [Boolean] True when the bucket is created; otherwise, false.
  def create?(region)
    @bucket.create(create_bucket_configuration: { location_constraint: region })
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't create bucket. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

  # Gets the Region where the bucket is located.
  #
  # @return [String] The location of the bucket.
  def location
    if @bucket.nil?
      "None. You must create a bucket before you can get it's location!"
    else
      @bucket.client.get_bucket_location(bucket: @bucket.name).location_constraint
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    "Couldn't get the location of #{@bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
  end
end

def run_demo
  region = "us-west-2"
  wrapper = BucketCreateWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Bucket.new("doc-example-bucket-#{Random.uuid}"))
  return unless wrapper.create?(region)

  puts "Created bucket #{wrapper.bucket.name}."
  puts "Your bucket's region is: #{wrapper.location}"
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__

You can also use the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) to create an S3 bucket. For more information, see create-bucket in the AWS CLI Command Reference.

For information about the AWS CLI, see What is the AWS Command Line Interface? in the AWS Command Line Interface User Guide.