Identity-based policy examples for Amazon Forecast - Amazon Forecast
Policy best practicesUsing the consoleAllow users to view their own permissionsAWS Managed (Predefined) Policies for Amazon ForecastCustomer Managed Policy Examples

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Identity-based policy examples for Amazon Forecast

By default, users and roles don't have permission to create or modify Forecast resources. They also can't perform tasks by using the AWS Management Console, AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI), or AWS API. To grant users permission to perform actions on the resources that they need, an IAM administrator can create IAM policies. The administrator can then add the IAM policies to roles, and users can assume the roles.

To learn how to create an IAM identity-based policy by using these example JSON policy documents, see Creating IAM policies in the IAM User Guide.

For details about actions and resource types defined by Forecast, including the format of the ARNs for each of the resource types, see Actions, resources, and condition keys for Amazon Forecast in the Service Authorization Reference.

Whenever an operation is invoked, Amazon Forecast performs a set of authentication checks on the caller's permissions. These checks include the following:

  • The caller's permission to invoke the operation is validated.

  • If a role is provided within an operation, Amazon Forecast validates the PassRole permission for the role.

  • If a KMS key is provided in the encryption configuration, then kms:Decrypt and kms:GenerateDataKey validation is performed on the caller's permissions. This key can differ for each operation performed in Amazon Forecast. You will receive an AccessDeniedException in the event that you do not have the relevant permissions. The key policy should resemble the following code:

    "Effect": "Allow",
"Principal": {
    "AWS": “AWS Invoking Identity”
},
"Action": [
    "kms:Decrypt",
    "kms:GenerateDataKey”
    ],
    "Resource": "*"
}

Policy best practices

Identity-based policies determine whether someone can create, access, or delete Forecast resources in your account. These actions can incur costs for your AWS account. When you create or edit identity-based policies, follow these guidelines and recommendations:

  • Get started with AWS managed policies and move toward least-privilege permissions – To get started granting permissions to your users and workloads, use the AWS managed policies that grant permissions for many common use cases. They are available in your AWS account. We recommend that you reduce permissions further by defining AWS customer managed policies that are specific to your use cases. For more information, see AWS managed policies or AWS managed policies for job functions in the IAM User Guide.

  • Apply least-privilege permissions – When you set permissions with IAM policies, grant only the permissions required to perform a task. You do this by defining the actions that can be taken on specific resources under specific conditions, also known as least-privilege permissions. For more information about using IAM to apply permissions, see Policies and permissions in IAM in the IAM User Guide.

  • Use conditions in IAM policies to further restrict access – You can add a condition to your policies to limit access to actions and resources. For example, you can write a policy condition to specify that all requests must be sent using SSL. You can also use conditions to grant access to service actions if they are used through a specific AWS service, such as AWS CloudFormation. For more information, see IAM JSON policy elements: Condition in the IAM User Guide.

  • Use IAM Access Analyzer to validate your IAM policies to ensure secure and functional permissions – IAM Access Analyzer validates new and existing policies so that the policies adhere to the IAM policy language (JSON) and IAM best practices. IAM Access Analyzer provides more than 100 policy checks and actionable recommendations to help you author secure and functional policies. For more information, see IAM Access Analyzer policy validation in the IAM User Guide.

  • Require multi-factor authentication (MFA) – If you have a scenario that requires IAM users or a root user in your AWS account, turn on MFA for additional security. To require MFA when API operations are called, add MFA conditions to your policies. For more information, see Configuring MFA-protected API access in the IAM User Guide.

For more information about best practices in IAM, see Security best practices in IAM in the IAM User Guide.

Using the Forecast console

To access the Amazon Forecast console, you must have a minimum set of permissions. These permissions must allow you to list and view details about the Forecast resources in your AWS account. If you create an identity-based policy that is more restrictive than the minimum required permissions, the console won't function as intended for entities (users or roles) with that policy.

You don't need to allow minimum console permissions for users that are making calls only to the AWS CLI or the AWS API. Instead, allow access to only the actions that match the API operation that they're trying to perform.

To ensure that users and roles can still use the Forecast console, also attach the following AWS managed policy to the entities. For more information, see Adding Permissions to a user in the IAM User Guide:

AWSForecastFullAccess

The following policy grants full access to all Amazon Forecast actions when using the console:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "forecast:*"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:PassRole"
            ],
            "Resource": "*",
            "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                    "iam:PassedToService": "forecast.amazonaws.com"
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Allow users to view their own permissions

This example shows how you might create a policy that allows IAM users to view the inline and managed policies that are attached to their user identity. This policy includes permissions to complete this action on the console or programmatically using the AWS CLI or AWS API.

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Sid": "ViewOwnUserInfo",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:GetUserPolicy",
                "iam:ListGroupsForUser",
                "iam:ListAttachedUserPolicies",
                "iam:ListUserPolicies",
                "iam:GetUser"
            ],
            "Resource": ["arn:aws:iam::*:user/${aws:username}"]
        },
        {
            "Sid": "NavigateInConsole",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:GetGroupPolicy",
                "iam:GetPolicyVersion",
                "iam:GetPolicy",
                "iam:ListAttachedGroupPolicies",
                "iam:ListGroupPolicies",
                "iam:ListPolicyVersions",
                "iam:ListPolicies",
                "iam:ListUsers"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        }
    ]
}

AWS Managed (Predefined) Policies for Amazon Forecast

AWS addresses many common use cases by providing standalone IAM policies that are created and administered by AWS. These AWS managed policies grant necessary permissions for common use cases so that you can avoid having to investigate which permissions are needed. For more information, see AWS Managed Policies in the IAM User Guide.

The following AWS managed policies, which you can attach to users in your account, are specific to Amazon Forecast:

  • AmazonForecastFullAccess – Grants full access to Amazon Forecast resources and all of the supported operations.

You can review these permissions policies by signing in to the IAM console and searching for them.

You can also create your own custom IAM policies to allow permissions for Amazon Forecast actions and resources. You can attach these custom policies to the IAM users or groups that require them.

Customer Managed Policy Examples

In this section, you can find example user policies that grant permissions for various Amazon Forecast actions. These policies work when you are using the AWS SDKs or the AWS CLI. When you are using the console, see Using the Forecast console.

Example 1: Grant Account Administrator Permissions

After you set up an account (see Sign Up for AWS), you create an administrator user to manage your account. The administrator user can create users and manage their permissions.

To grant the administrator user all of the permissions available for your account, attach the following permissions policy to that user:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "*",
            "Resource": "*"
        }
    ]
}

Example 2: Allow All Amazon Forecast and IAM PassRole Actions

You might choose to create a user who has permissions for all Amazon Forecast actions but not for any of your other services (think of this user as a service-specific administrator). Attach the following permissions policy to this user: 

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "forecast:*"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:PassRole"
            ],
            "Resource": "*",
            "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                    "iam:PassedToService": "forecast.amazonaws.com"
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Example 3: Allow All Amazon Forecast actions while limiting IAM PassRole Actions

You might choose to create a user who has permissions for all Amazon Forecast actions while limiting their IAM PassRole actions. Attach the following permissions policy to this user: 

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "forecast:*"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:PassRole"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:iam::EXAMPLE_ACCOUNT_ID_12349858:role/EXAMPLE_ROLE_TO_ALLOW_TO_PASS",
            "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                    "iam:PassedToService": "forecast.amazonaws.com"
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Example 4: Action-based Policy: Amazon Forecast Read-Only Access

The following policy grants permissions to Amazon Forecast actions that allow a user to list and describe resources:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
      {
        "Effect": "Allow",
        "Action": [
          "forecast:DescribeDataset",
          "forecast:DescribeDatasetGroup",
          "forecast:DescribeDatasetImportJob",
          "forecast:DescribeForecast",
          "forecast:DescribeForecastExportJob",
          "forecast:DescribePredictor",
          "forecast:ListDatasetGroups",
          "forecast:ListDatasetImportJobs",
          "forecast:ListDatasets",
          "forecast:ListDatasetExportJobs",
          "forecast:ListForecasts",
          "forecast:ListPredictors"
        ],
        "Resource": "*"
      }
    ]
}

Example 5: Allow all Amazon Forecast Actions with Pass Role and KMS Actions

You can create a user who has permissions for all Amazon Forecast actions, but does not have permissions for any other services, using a cross account Customer Managed Key for Encryption in Amazon Forecast. For more information, see AWS Cross Account Key policy in the AWS Key Management Service Developer Guide. 

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "forecast:*"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:PassRole"
            ],
            "Resource": "*",
            "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                    "iam:PassedToService": "forecast.amazonaws.com"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "kms:Decrypt",
                "kms:GenerateDataKey"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:iam::1234567890:key/example_key"
        }
    ]
}