Amazon S3 integration - Amazon Relational Database Service
Prerequisites for integrationAdding the optionTransferring filesRemoving the option

Amazon S3 integration

You can transfer files between an Amazon RDS for Oracle DB instance and an Amazon S3 bucket. You can use Amazon S3 integration with Oracle features such as Data Pump. For example, you can download Data Pump files from Amazon S3 to the DB instance host.

Note

The DB instance and the Amazon S3 bucket must be in the same AWS Region.

Prerequisites for Amazon RDS for Oracle integration with Amazon S3

For Amazon RDS for Oracle to integrate with Amazon S3, the Amazon RDS DB instance must have access to an Amazon S3 bucket. Prepare for the integration as follows:

  1. Create an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy with the permissions required to transfer files from your bucket to RDS.

    To create the policy, you need the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) value for your bucket. Also, RDS for Oracle supports SSE-KMS and SSE-S3 encryption. If your bucket is encrypted, you need the ARN for your AWS KMS key. For more information, see Protecting data using server-side encryption in the Amazon Simple Storage Service User Guide.

    Note

    An Oracle DB instance can't access Amazon S3 buckets encrypted with SSE-C.

  2. Create an IAM role, attach your new policy to it, and then attach the role to your Oracle DB instance. The status of the DB instance must be available.

The Amazon VPC used by your DB instance doesn't need to provide access to the Amazon S3 endpoints.

To create an IAM policy to allow Amazon RDS access to an Amazon S3 bucket

  1. Open the IAM Management Console.

  2. Under Access management, choose Policies.

  3. Choose Create policy.

  4. On the Visual editor tab, choose Choose a service, and then choose S3.

  5. For Actions, choose Expand all, and then choose the bucket permissions and object permissions required to transfer files from an Amazon S3 bucket to Amazon RDS. For example, do the following:

    • Expand List, and then select ListBucket.

    • Expand Read, and then select GetObject.

    • Expand Write, and then select PutObject.

    Object permissions are permissions for object operations in Amazon S3, and must be granted for objects in a bucket, not the bucket itself. For more information about permissions for object operations in Amazon S3, see Permissions for object operations.

  6. Choose Resources, and choose Add ARN for bucket.

  7. In the Add ARN(s) dialog box, provide the details about your resource, and choose Add.

    Specify the Amazon S3 bucket to allow access to. For instance, to allow Amazon RDS to access the Amazon S3 bucket named example-bucket, set the ARN value to arn:aws:s3:::example-bucket.

  8. If the object resource is listed, choose Add ARN for object.

  9. In the Add ARN(s) dialog box, provide the details about your resource.

    For the Amazon S3 bucket, specify the Amazon S3 bucket to allow access to. For the object, you can choose Any to grant permissions to any object in the bucket.

    Note

    You can set Amazon Resource Name (ARN) to a more specific ARN value to allow Amazon RDS to access only specific files or folders in an Amazon S3 bucket. For more information about how to define an access policy for Amazon S3, see Managing access permissions to your Amazon S3 resources.

  10. (Optional) Choose Add additional permissions to add resources to the policy. For example, do the following:

    • If your bucket is encrypted with a custom KMS key, select KMS for the service. Select Encrypt, ReEncrypt, Decrypt, DescribeKey, and GenerateDataKey for actions. Enter the ARN of your custom key as the resource. For more information, see Protecting Data Using Server-Side Encryption with KMS keys Stored in AWS Key Management Service (SSE-KMS) in the Amazon Simple Storage Service User Guide.

    • If you want Amazon RDS to access to access other buckets, add the ARNs for these buckets. Optionally, you can also grant access to all buckets and objects in Amazon S3.

  11. Choose Next: Tags and then Next: Review.

  12. For Name, enter a name for your IAM policy, for example rds-s3-integration-policy. You use this name when you create an IAM role to associate with your DB instance. You can also add an optional Description value.

  13. Choose Create policy.

To create an IAM role to allow Amazon RDS access to an Amazon S3 bucket

  1. In the navigation pane, choose Roles.

  2. Choose Create role.

  3. For AWS service, choose RDS.

  4. For Select your use case, choose RDS – Add Role to Database.

  5. Choose Next: Permissions.

  6. For Search under Attach permissions policies, enter the name of the IAM policy you created, and choose the policy when it appears in the list.

  7. Choose Next: Tags and then Next: Review.

  8. Set Role name to a name for your IAM role, for example rds-s3-integration-role. You can also add an optional Role description value.

  9. Choose Create role.

To associate your IAM role with your DB instance

  1. Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the Amazon RDS console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/rds/.

  2. Choose Databases from the navigation pane.

  3. If your database instance is unavailable, choose Actions and then Start. When the instance status shows Started, go to the next step.

  4. Choose the Oracle DB instance name to display its details.

  5. On the Connectivity & security tab, scroll down to the Manage IAM roles section at the bottom of the page.

  6. Choose the role to add in the Add IAM roles to this instance section.

  7. For Feature, choose S3_INTEGRATION.

    Add S3_INTEGRATION role

  8. Choose Add role.

To grant Amazon RDS access to an Amazon S3 bucket

  1. Create an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy that grants Amazon RDS access to an Amazon S3 bucket.

    Include the appropriate actions in the policy based on the type of access required:

    • GetObject – Required to transfer files from an Amazon S3 bucket to Amazon RDS.

    • ListBucket – Required to transfer files from an Amazon S3 bucket to Amazon RDS.

    • PutObject – Required to transfer files from Amazon RDS to an Amazon S3 bucket.

    The following AWS CLI command creates an IAM policy named rds-s3-integration-policy with these options. It grants access to a bucket named your-s3-bucket-arn.

    Example

    For Linux, macOS, or Unix:

    aws iam create-policy \
   --policy-name rds-s3-integration-policy \
   --policy-document '{
     "Version": "2012-10-17",
     "Statement": [
       {
         "Sid": "s3integration",
         "Action": [
           "s3:GetObject",
           "s3:ListBucket",
           "s3:PutObject"
         ],
         "Effect": "Allow",
         "Resource": [
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn", 
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn/*"
         ]
       }
     ]
   }'

    The following example includes permissions for custom KMS keys.

    aws iam create-policy \
   --policy-name rds-s3-integration-policy \
   --policy-document '{
     "Version": "2012-10-17",
     "Statement": [
       {
         "Sid": "s3integration",
         "Action": [
           "s3:GetObject",
           "s3:ListBucket",
           "s3:PutObject",
           "kms:Decrypt",
           "kms:Encrypt",
           "kms:ReEncrypt",
           "kms:GenerateDataKey",
           "kms:DescribeKey",
         ],
         "Effect": "Allow",
         "Resource": [
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn", 
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn/*",
           "arn:aws:kms:::your-kms-arn"
         ]
       }
     ]
   }'

    For Windows:

    aws iam create-policy ^
   --policy-name rds-s3-integration-policy ^
   --policy-document '{
     "Version": "2012-10-17",
     "Statement": [
       {
         "Sid": "s3integration",
         "Action": [
           "s3:GetObject",
           "s3:ListBucket",
           "s3:PutObject"
         ],
         "Effect": "Allow",
         "Resource": [
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn", 
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn/*"
         ]
       }
     ]
   }'

    The following example includes permissions for custom KMS keys.

    aws iam create-policy ^
   --policy-name rds-s3-integration-policy ^
   --policy-document '{
     "Version": "2012-10-17",
     "Statement": [
       {
         "Sid": "s3integration",
         "Action": [
           "s3:GetObject",
           "s3:ListBucket",
           "s3:PutObject",
           "kms:Decrypt",
           "kms:Encrypt",
           "kms:ReEncrypt",
           "kms:GenerateDataKey",
           "kms:DescribeKey",
         ],
         "Effect": "Allow",
         "Resource": [
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn", 
           "arn:aws:s3:::your-s3-bucket-arn/*",
           "arn:aws:kms:::your-kms-arn"
         ]
       }
     ]
   }'

  2. After the policy is created, note the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the policy. You need the ARN for a subsequent step.

  3. Create an IAM role that Amazon RDS can assume on your behalf to access your Amazon S3 buckets.

    The following AWS CLI command creates the rds-s3-integration-role for this purpose.

    Example

    For Linux, macOS, or Unix:

    aws iam create-role \
   --role-name rds-s3-integration-role \
   --assume-role-policy-document '{
     "Version": "2012-10-17",
     "Statement": [
       {
         "Effect": "Allow",
         "Principal": {
            "Service": "rds.amazonaws.com"
          },
         "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
       }
     ]
   }'

    For Windows:

    aws iam create-role ^
   --role-name rds-s3-integration-role ^
   --assume-role-policy-document '{
     "Version": "2012-10-17",
     "Statement": [
       {
         "Effect": "Allow",
         "Principal": {
            "Service": "rds.amazonaws.com"
          },
         "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
       }
     ]
   }'

    For more information, see Creating a role to delegate permissions to an IAM user in the IAM User Guide.

  4. After the role is created, note the ARN of the role. You need the ARN for a subsequent step.

  5. Attach the policy you created to the role you created.

    The following AWS CLI command attaches the policy to the role named rds-s3-integration-role.

    Example

    For Linux, macOS, or Unix:

    aws iam attach-role-policy \
   --policy-arn your-policy-arn \
   --role-name rds-s3-integration-role

    For Windows:

    aws iam attach-role-policy ^
   --policy-arn your-policy-arn ^
   --role-name rds-s3-integration-role

    Replace your-policy-arn with the policy ARN that you noted in a previous step.

  6. Add the role to the Oracle DB instance.

    The following AWS CLI command adds the role to an Oracle DB instance named mydbinstance.

    Example

    For Linux, macOS, or Unix:

    
aws rds add-role-to-db-instance \
   --db-instance-identifier mydbinstance \
   --feature-name S3_INTEGRATION \
   --role-arn your-role-arn

    For Windows:

    
aws rds add-role-to-db-instance ^
   --db-instance-identifier mydbinstance ^
   --feature-name S3_INTEGRATION ^
   --role-arn your-role-arn

    Replace your-role-arn with the role ARN that you noted in a previous step. S3_INTEGRATION must be specified for the --feature-name option.

Adding the Amazon S3 integration option

To use Amazon RDS for Oracle Integration with Amazon S3, your Amazon RDS for Oracle DB instance must be associated with an option group that includes the S3_INTEGRATION option.

To configure an option group for Amazon S3 integration

  1. Create a new option group or identify an existing option group to which you can add the S3_INTEGRATION option.

    For information about creating an option group, see Creating an option group.

  2. Add the S3_INTEGRATION option to the option group.

    For information about adding an option to an option group, see Adding an option to an option group.

  3. Create a new Oracle DB instance and associate the option group with it, or modify an Oracle DB instance to associate the option group with it.

    For information about creating a DB instance, see Creating an Amazon RDS DB instance.

    For information about modifying an Oracle DB instance, see Modifying an Amazon RDS DB instance.

To configure an option group for Amazon S3 integration

  1. Create a new option group or identify an existing option group to which you can add the S3_INTEGRATION option.

    For information about creating an option group, see Creating an option group.

  2. Add the S3_INTEGRATION option to the option group.

    For example, the following AWS CLI command adds the S3_INTEGRATION option to an option group named myoptiongroup.

    Example

    For Linux, macOS, or Unix:

    aws rds add-option-to-option-group \
   --option-group-name myoptiongroup \
   --options OptionName=S3_INTEGRATION,OptionVersion=1.0

    For Windows:

    
aws rds add-option-to-option-group ^
   --option-group-name myoptiongroup ^
   --options OptionName=S3_INTEGRATION,OptionVersion=1.0

  3. Create a new Oracle DB instance and associate the option group with it, or modify an Oracle DB instance to associate the option group with it.

    For information about creating a DB instance, see Creating an Amazon RDS DB instance.

    For information about modifying an Oracle DB instance, see Modifying an Amazon RDS DB instance.

Transferring files between Amazon RDS for Oracle and an Amazon S3 bucket

You can use Amazon RDS procedures to transfer files between an Oracle DB instance and an Amazon S3 bucket.

Note

These procedures upload or download the files in a single directory. You can't include subdirectories in these operations.

Uploading files from an Oracle DB instance to an Amazon S3 bucket

You can upload files from an Oracle DB instance to an Amazon S3 bucket. For example, you can upload Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) backup files. The maximum object size in an Amazon S3 bucket is 5 TB. For more information about working with objects, see Amazon Simple Storage Service User Guide. For more information about performing RMAN backups, see Performing common RMAN tasks for Oracle DB instances.

You upload files using the rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.upload_to_s3 procedure. This procedure has the following parameters.

Parameter name Data type Default Required Description

p_bucket_name

VARCHAR2

–

required

The name of the Amazon S3 bucket to upload files to.

p_directory_name

VARCHAR2

–

required

The name of the Oracle directory object to upload files from. The directory can be any user-created directory object or the Data Pump directory, such as DATA_PUMP_DIR.

Note

You can only upload files from the specified directory. You can't upload files in subdirectories in the specified directory.

p_s3_prefix

VARCHAR2

–

required

An Amazon S3 file name prefix that files are uploaded to. An empty prefix uploads all files to the top level in the specified Amazon S3 bucket and doesn't add a prefix to the file names.

For example, if the prefix is folder_1/oradb, files are uploaded to folder_1. In this case, the oradb prefix is added to each file.

p_prefix

VARCHAR2

–

required

A file name prefix that file names must match to be uploaded. An empty prefix uploads all files in the specified directory.

The return value for the rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.upload_to_s3 procedure is a task ID.

The following example uploads all of the files in the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory to the Amazon S3 bucket named mys3bucket. 

SELECT rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.upload_to_s3(
      p_bucket_name    =>  'mys3bucket', 
      p_prefix         =>  '', 
      p_s3_prefix      =>  '', 
      p_directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR') 
   AS TASK_ID FROM DUAL;

The following example uploads all of the files with the prefix db in the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory to the Amazon S3 bucket named mys3bucket. 

SELECT rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.upload_to_s3(
      p_bucket_name    =>  'mys3bucket', 
      p_prefix         =>  'db', 
      p_s3_prefix      =>  '', 
      p_directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR') 
   AS TASK_ID FROM DUAL;

The following example uploads all of the files in the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory to the Amazon S3 bucket named mys3bucket. The files are uploaded to a dbfiles folder. 


SELECT rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.upload_to_s3(
      p_bucket_name    =>  'mys3bucket', 
      p_prefix         =>  '', 
      p_s3_prefix      =>  'dbfiles/', 
      p_directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR') 
   AS TASK_ID FROM DUAL;

The following example uploads all of the files in the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory to the Amazon S3 bucket named mys3bucket. The files are uploaded to a dbfiles folder and ora is added to the beginning of each file name. 


SELECT rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.upload_to_s3(
      p_bucket_name    =>  'mys3bucket', 
      p_prefix         =>  '', 
      p_s3_prefix      =>  'dbfiles/ora', 
      p_directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR') 
   AS TASK_ID FROM DUAL;

In each example, the SELECT statement returns the ID of the task in a VARCHAR2 data type.

You can view the result by displaying the task's output file.


SELECT text FROM table(rdsadmin.rds_file_util.read_text_file('BDUMP','dbtask-task-id.log'));

Replace task-id with the task ID returned by the procedure.

Note

Tasks are executed asynchronously.

Downloading files from an Amazon S3 bucket to an Oracle DB instance

To download files from an Amazon S3 bucket to an Oracle DB instance, use the Amazon RDS procedure rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.download_from_s3. The rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.download_from_s3 procedure has the following parameters.

Parameter name Data type Default Required Description

p_bucket_name

VARCHAR2

–

required

The name of the Amazon S3 bucket to download files from.

p_directory_name

VARCHAR2

–

required

The name of the Oracle directory object to download files to. The directory can be any user-created directory object or the Data Pump directory, such as DATA_PUMP_DIR.

p_s3_prefix

VARCHAR2

''

optional

A file name prefix that file names must match to be downloaded. An empty prefix downloads all of the top level files in the specified Amazon S3 bucket, but not the files in folders in the bucket.

The procedure downloads Amazon S3 objects only from the first level folder that matches the prefix. Nested directory structures matching the specified prefix are not downloaded.

For example, suppose that an Amazon S3 bucket has the folder structure folder_1/folder_2/folder_3. Suppose also that you specify the 'folder_1/folder_2/' prefix. In this case, only the files in folder_2 are downloaded, not the files in folder_1 or folder_3.

If, instead, you specify the 'folder_1/folder_2' prefix, all files in folder_1 that match the 'folder_2' prefix are downloaded, and no files in folder_2 are downloaded.

The return value for the rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.download_from_s3 procedure is a task ID.

The following example downloads all of the files in the Amazon S3 bucket named mys3bucket to the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory. 


SELECT rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.download_from_s3(
      p_bucket_name    =>  'mys3bucket',       
      p_directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR') 
   AS TASK_ID FROM DUAL;

The following example downloads all of the files with the prefix db in the Amazon S3 bucket named mys3bucket to the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory. 


SELECT rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.download_from_s3(
      p_bucket_name    =>  'mys3bucket', 
      p_s3_prefix      =>  'db', 
      p_directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR') 
   AS TASK_ID FROM DUAL;

The following example downloads all of the files in the folder myfolder/ in the Amazon S3 bucket named mys3bucket to the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory. Use the prefix parameter setting to specify the Amazon S3 folder. 


SELECT rdsadmin.rdsadmin_s3_tasks.download_from_s3(
      p_bucket_name    =>  'mys3bucket', 
      p_s3_prefix      =>  'myfolder/', 
      p_directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR') 
   AS TASK_ID FROM DUAL;

In each example, the SELECT statement returns the ID of the task in a VARCHAR2 data type.

You can view the result by displaying the task's output file.


SELECT text FROM table(rdsadmin.rds_file_util.read_text_file('BDUMP','dbtask-task-id.log'));

Replace task-id with the task ID returned by the procedure.

Note

Tasks are executed asynchronously.

You can use the UTL_FILE.FREMOVE Oracle procedure to remove files from a directory. For more information, see FREMOVE procedure in the Oracle documentation.

Monitoring the status of a file transfer

File transfer tasks publish Amazon RDS events when they start and when they complete. For information about viewing events, see Viewing Amazon RDS events.

You can view the status of an ongoing task in a bdump file. The bdump files are located in the /rdsdbdata/log/trace directory. Each bdump file name is in the following format. 


dbtask-task-id.log

Replace task-id with the ID of the task that you want to monitor.

Note

Tasks are executed asynchronously.

You can use the rdsadmin.rds_file_util.read_text_file stored procedure to view the contents of bdump files. For example, the following query returns the contents of the dbtask-1546988886389-2444.log bdump file. 


SELECT text FROM table(rdsadmin.rds_file_util.read_text_file('BDUMP','dbtask-1546988886389-2444.log'));

Removing the Amazon S3 integration option

You can remove Amazon S3 integration option from a DB instance.

To remove the Amazon S3 integration option from a DB instance, do one of the following:

  • To remove the Amazon S3 integration option from multiple DB instances, remove the S3_INTEGRATION option from the option group to which the DB instances belong. This change affects all DB instances that use the option group. For more information, see Removing an option from an option group.

  • To remove the Amazon S3 integration option from a single DB instance, modify the DB instance and specify a different option group that doesn't include the S3_INTEGRATION option. You can specify the default (empty) option group or a different custom option group. For more information, see Modifying an Amazon RDS DB instance.